Question 1

Small changes in _____________ will have a large impact on the heart's pumping effectiveness,while large changes in ___________ do not impact the effectiveness much.

Accepted Answer

A)   afterload; preload
B)   preload; afterload
C)   contractility; preload
D)   afterload; contractility
E)   contractility; afterloadF) A) and B)
G) A) and D)

Question 2

If the heart receives more sympathetic stimulation than parasympathetic stimulation,the heart will

Accepted Answer

A)  increase its rate and force of contraction.
B)  contract with greater force but at a slower rate.
C)  decrease both its rate and force of contraction.
D)  contract with less force but at a faster rate.
E)  decrease rate,but increase force of contraction.F) C) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 3

When comparing cardiac muscle cells and skeletal muscle cells,

Accepted Answer

A)  the rate of action potential propagation is faster in cardiac muscle.
B)  both possess intercalated discs.
C)  only skeletal muscle has a plateau phase in its contraction cycle.
D)  action potentials are conducted from cell to cell only in cardiac muscle.
E)  both are voluntary.F) A) and E)
G) All of the above

Question 4

What action is most responsible for the resting membrane potential in cardiac muscle cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  movement of K+ through voltage-gated K+ channels
B)  movement of Na+ through open Na+ channels
C)  movement of Ca2+ through voltage-gated Ca2+ channels.
D)  closing of Na+ and K+ voltage-gated channelsE) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 5

Which of the following factors would cause an increase in heart rate?

Accepted Answer

A)  increased parasympathetic stimulation
B)  stimulation of baroreceptors in the aorta
C)  increased epinephrine release from the adrenal medulla
D)  increased production of atrial natriuretic factor
E)  vagal stimulationF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 6

What cardiac arrhythmia will have no QRS complex as a symptom?

Accepted Answer

A)  atrial fibrillation
B)  ventricular fibrillation
C)  bradycardia
D)  premature ventricular contractionsE) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 7

Which of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Blood enters the right and left atria only during diastole.
B)  Most ventricular filling occurs before the atria contract.
C)  During ventricular systole,the AV valves open.
D)  The semilunar valves remain closed throughout ventricular systole.
E)  Most of end-diastolic volume comes from active filling.F) A) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 8

From the right ventricle,blood flows directly into the _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  aorta
B)  right atrium
C)  pulmonary trunk
D)  pulmonary arteries
E)  pulmonary veinsF) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

Question 9

Lowered extracellular potassium levels will lower the heart rate because

Accepted Answer

A)  the resting membrane potential is hyperpolarized.
B)  ectopic action potentials occur.
C)  action potential amplitude declines.
D)  more sodium channels open.
E)  it blocks calcium channels.F) A) and C)
G) A) and D)

Question 10

A serious condition in which a large amount of fluid accumulates in the pericardial cavity and puts pressure of the heart is

Accepted Answer

A)  endocarditis.
B)  pericarditis.
C)  a myocardial infarction.
D)  cardiac tamponade.E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 11

Which of the following phrases would apply to cardiac muscle cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  are organized in parallel columns or bundles
B)  contain actin but no myosin
C)  develop a significant oxygen debt during systole
D)  are multinucleated like skeletal muscle cells
E)  possess special cell-to-cell contacts called intercalated discsF) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 12

Contraction of the papillary muscles would

Accepted Answer

A)  eject blood from the ventricles.
B)  prevent the AV valves from protruding into the atria.
C)  close the semilunar valves.
D)  cause the atria to eject their contents into the ventricles.
E)  open the semilunar valves.F) B) and E)
G) C) and E)

Question 13

Which of the following heart chambers is correctly associated with the blood vessel that enters or leaves it?

Accepted Answer

A)  right atrium - pulmonary veins
B)  left atrium - aorta
C)  right ventricle - pulmonary trunk
D)  left ventricle - superior vena cava and inferior vena cava
E)  right atrium - aortaF) All of the above
G) B) and C)

Question 14

Which vessels empty blood into the left atrium?

Accepted Answer

A)  aorta
B)  right atrium
C)  pulmonary trunk
D)  pulmonary arteries
E)  pulmonary veinsF) None of the above
G) All of the above

Question 15

The epicardium

Accepted Answer

A)  covers the surface of the heart.
B)  lines the walls of the ventricles.
C)  is known as the fibrous pericardium.
D)  attaches inferiorly to the diaphragm.
E)  is also called endocardium.F) D) and E)
G) B) and C)

Question 16

Fred was admitted to the cardiac unit with chest pains.No arrhythmias and no large changes in the heart rate were observable.Blood samples taken over the next few days showed no increase in enzymes such as creatine phosphokinase.A possible treatment of the condition is

Accepted Answer

A)  beta adrenergic blocking agents.
B)  nitroglycerin.
C)  calcium channel blocking agents.
D)  aspirin.
E)  exercise.F) B) and D)
G) C) and D)

Question 17

Calcium-induced calcium release occurs when

Accepted Answer

A)   calcium from the sarcoplasmic reticulum stimulates the movement of calcium into the cell through the plasma membrane.
B)   calcium is released from both the sarcoplasmic reticulum and the cardiac muscle cell.
C)   the eflux of calcium from the cell results in depolarization.
D)   calcium entering through the plasma membrane stimulates release of calcium from the sarcoplasmic reticulum.E) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 18

The period of time in which the myocardium is insensitive to further stimulation is called the

Accepted Answer

A)  absolute refractory period.
B)  hyperpolarization period.
C)  AV period.
D)  SA period.
E)  ectopic focus.F) C) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 19

Ventricular contraction begins at the

Accepted Answer

A)  AV bundle.
B)  apex of the heart.
C)  base of the heart.
D)  superior portion of the interventricular septum.
E)  top of the ventricles.F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 20

The "pacemaker" of the heart is the

Accepted Answer

A)  right bundle branch.
B)  left bundle branch.
C)  AV node.
D)  SA node.
E)  PM node.F) C) and E)
G) A) and B)

Exam 20: Cardiovascular System: the Heart

Calcium-induced calcium release occurs when

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The period of time in which the myocardium is insensitive to further stimulation is called the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The "pacemaker" of the heart is the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following phrases would apply to cardiac muscle cells?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If the heart receives more sympathetic stimulation than parasympathetic stimulation,the heart will

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When comparing cardiac muscle cells and skeletal muscle cells,

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following factors would cause an increase in heart rate?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Fred was admitted to the cardiac unit with chest pains.No arrhythmias and no large changes in the heart rate were observable.Blood samples taken over the next few days showed no increase in enzymes such as creatine phosphokinase.A possible treatment of the condition is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

From the right ventricle,blood flows directly into the _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is true?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What action is most responsible for the resting membrane potential in cardiac muscle cells?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Small changes in _____________ will have a large impact on the heart's pumping effectiveness,while large changes in ___________ do not impact the effectiveness much.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Contraction of the papillary muscles would

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The epicardium

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Ventricular contraction begins at the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Lowered extracellular potassium levels will lower the heart rate because

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following heart chambers is correctly associated with the blood vessel that enters or leaves it?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What cardiac arrhythmia will have no QRS complex as a symptom?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which vessels empty blood into the left atrium?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A serious condition in which a large amount of fluid accumulates in the pericardial cavity and puts pressure of the heart is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Small changes in ___ will have a large impact on the heart's pumping effectiveness,while large changes in _ do not impact the effectiveness much.

Correct Answer
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