Question 1

In the context of the debate on larger and smaller juries,jury researcher Michael Saks (1998) reported that:

Accepted Answer

A)  smaller juries are more likely to reach "correct" verdicts.
B)  larger juries more accurately recall trial testimony.
C)  smaller juries give more time to deliberations.
D)  larger juries seldom contain members of minority groups.E) A) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 2

Sean has been accused of assaulting a six-year-old child.Which of the following suggestive questions to the child could be a cause for the misinformation effect?

Accepted Answer

A)  "Did the abuser try to meet you after the incident?"
B)  "Can you recollect the facial features of the abuser?"
C)  "Did Mr.Sean try to intimidate you after committing the crime?"
D)  "Have you seen Mr.Sean earlier?"E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 3

Which of the following statements is true of the death penalty?

Accepted Answer

A)  States with a death penalty have lower homicide rates.
B)  Homicide rates have not dropped when states initiate the death penalty.
C)  Most people pause to calculate the consequences when committing a crime of passion in a state with the death penalty.
D)  The death penalty is applied consistently in all states.E) A) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 4

After hearing a television report falsely indicating that drugs may have contributed to a recent auto accident,several eyewitnesses of the accident begin to remember the driver as traveling at a higher speed than was actually the case.This provides an example of:

Accepted Answer

A)  flashbulb memory.
B)  state-dependent memory.
C)  the serial position effect.
D)  the misinformation effect.E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 5

When Amato (1979) had Australian students read evidence concerning a left- or right-wing person accused of a politically motivated burglary,they judged the person less guilty if:

Accepted Answer

A)  his motives were known to others.
B)  his political views were similar to their own.
C)  he claimed he had been hired to commit the crime.
D)  he proved he had not profited by the burglary.E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 6

Researchers and jurors are most likely to disagree on which of the following issues?

Accepted Answer

A)  An eyewitness's testimony about an event cannot be affected by how the questions about the event are worded.
B)  Police instructions can affect an eyewitness's willingness to make an identification.
C)  An eyewitness's perception and memory of an event may be impacted by his/her expectations.
D)  Eyewitnesses are more accurate when identifying members of their own race than members of other races.E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 7

Research on false memories in children find that children:

Accepted Answer

A)  are not very confident about their memories.
B)  cannot reliably separate real from false memories.
C)  very rarely lie about their memories.
D)  are unlikely to make false accusations.E) A) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 8

Death-qualified jurors are:

Accepted Answer

A)  more likely to be women.
B)  less likely to convict in criminal cases.
C)  more concerned with crime control rather than due process of law.
D)  less concerned with favoring the prosecution in most cases.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 9

Which of the following factors is NOT likely to lead to a lighter sentence for the person convicted?

Accepted Answer

A)  high status
B)  baby-faced features
C)  height
D)  physical attractivenessE) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 10

To promote accurate recall,the "cognitive interview" procedure for questioning eyewitnesses begins with:

Accepted Answer

A)  specific questions about the event.
B)  guiding eyewitnesses to visualize the scene.
C)  informing witnesses about what others have said.
D)  flooding witnesses with mug shots of culprits right away.E) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 11

Morgan and his team (2004) found that when a group of soldiers were asked to identify their intimidating interrogators from a 15-person lineup,they correctly identified their high-stress interrogator ________ of the time.

Accepted Answer

A)  10 percent
B)  30 percent
C)  50 percent
D)  90 percentE) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 12

All of the following are good procedures to follow when dealing with the lineup process for identification EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  making the witness give a yes or no judgment in response to a sequence of suspects.
B)  letting the witness view suspects one at a time.
C)  using questions that are spontaneous,not scripted.
D)  prohibiting any confidence-inflating post-lineup comments.E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 13

Sunstein,Schkade,and Ellman (2004) found evidence that group polarization tendencies were exhibited in all the following areas EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  disability discrimination.
B)  affirmative action.
C)  review of environmental regulations.
D)  capital punishment.E) A) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 14

Jurors who are told by the judge to "disregard that witness's testimony" will be more likely to comply with that order when:

Accepted Answer

A)  the testimony is highly emotional and vivid.
B)  reactance prompts them to question the witness's conclusions.
C)  they have undergone a pretrial training session about legal procedures and standards of proof.
D)  they have been exposed to all the latest developments and publicity gained by the trial.E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 15

Reactance refers to:

Accepted Answer

A)  a perceived incompatibility of actions or goals.
B)  a motive to protect or restore one's sense of freedom.
C)  a situation in which the conflicting parties become caught in mutually destructive behavior.
D)  a reciprocal view of each other held by parties in conflict.E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 16

Someone accused of a crime is judged more sympathetically:

Accepted Answer

A)  by females than by males.
B)  if he or she has good communication skills.
C)  if he or she appears similar to the one who judges.
D)  if there was a bystander who watched and did not intervene.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 17

Which of the following arises when someone threatens our freedom of action?

Accepted Answer

A)  reactance
B)  disinhibition
C)  self-efficacy
D)  self-monitoringE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 18

In researching over 1,700 defendants appearing in Texas misdemeanor cases,Downs and Lyons (1991) found that the judges ________ less attractive defendants.

Accepted Answer

A)  set lower bails for
B)  set greater fines for
C)  spent less time reviewing the cases of
D)  spent more time questioningE) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 19

According to Craig Haney (1991) ,Blacks are ________ as defendants or ________ as victims,or both.

Accepted Answer

A)  undervalued;undervalued
B)  overpunished;overvalued
C)  undervalued;overvalued
D)  overpunished;undervaluedE) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 20

Which of the following can result in an eyewitness gaining confidence?

Accepted Answer

A)  being a witness for the first time
B)  being asked the same question repeatedly
C)  testifying against a person for the first time
D)  disliking the defendantE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Exam 15: Social Psychology in Court

When Amato (1979) had Australian students read evidence concerning a left- or right-wing person accused of a politically motivated burglary,they judged the person less guilty if:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

To promote accurate recall,the "cognitive interview" procedure for questioning eyewitnesses begins with:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Morgan and his team (2004) found that when a group of soldiers were asked to identify their intimidating interrogators from a 15-person lineup,they correctly identified their high-stress interrogator ________ of the time.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In researching over 1,700 defendants appearing in Texas misdemeanor cases,Downs and Lyons (1991) found that the judges ________ less attractive defendants.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Sunstein,Schkade,and Ellman (2004) found evidence that group polarization tendencies were exhibited in all the following areas EXCEPT:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following can result in an eyewitness gaining confidence?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

After hearing a television report falsely indicating that drugs may have contributed to a recent auto accident,several eyewitnesses of the accident begin to remember the driver as traveling at a higher speed than was actually the case.This provides an example of:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following arises when someone threatens our freedom of action?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Death-qualified jurors are:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Researchers and jurors are most likely to disagree on which of the following issues?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Reactance refers to:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Research on false memories in children find that children:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Jurors who are told by the judge to "disregard that witness's testimony" will be more likely to comply with that order when:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Someone accused of a crime is judged more sympathetically:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Craig Haney (1991) ,Blacks are ________ as defendants or ________ as victims,or both.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All of the following are good procedures to follow when dealing with the lineup process for identification EXCEPT:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Sean has been accused of assaulting a six-year-old child.Which of the following suggestive questions to the child could be a cause for the misinformation effect?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the context of the debate on larger and smaller juries,jury researcher Michael Saks (1998) reported that:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements is true of the death penalty?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following factors is NOT likely to lead to a lighter sentence for the person convicted?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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According to Craig Haney (1991) ,Blacks are as defendants or as victims,or both.

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