Question 1

Which of the following is true about loneliness?

Accepted Answer

A)  Loneliness is more emotionally painful in later life than in earlier adulthood.
B)  Loneliness affects stress hormones,immune activity,and inflammation.
C)  Loneliness is caused by a physiological disorder.
D)  Loneliness is prevalent only in old age.E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 2

According to the self-presentation theory,we will feel social anxiety when we are:

Accepted Answer

A)  motivated to impress others but have self-doubts.
B)  motivated and able to impress others,but they ignore us.
C)  in any circumstance in which we can be observed.
D)  deeply depressed about being alone.E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 3

Susan is seeing a therapist to help overcome her recent bout of depression.At the end of each session,her therapist gives her a "homework" assignment to talk and act in ways that will help her generate new emotions.Susan is most likely undergoing:

Accepted Answer

A)  salvage therapy.
B)  rational-emotive behavior therapy.
C)  rescue therapy.
D)  assertiveness training.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 4

According to James Maddux,professional clinicians are NOT likely to:

Accepted Answer

A)  be the victims of illusory correlation.
B)  suffer from confirmation bias.
C)  be invulnerable to insidious errors and biases.
D)  overestimate their clinical intuition.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 5

Women who had been sexually abused reported more health problems,especially if they had:

Accepted Answer

A)  not seen a therapist.
B)  kept their abuse secret.
C)  not confronted their abuser.
D)  confronted their abuser.E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 6

Carver et al.(1994) and Strack and Coyne (1983) found that depressed people were realistic in thinking that other people:

Accepted Answer

A)  possessed more accurate self-concepts than they did.
B)  did not appreciate their pessimism.
C)  would welcome their friendship and trust.
D)  were less influenced by fear of social disapproval than they were.E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 7

Most shy,self-conscious people tend to:

Accepted Answer

A)  overpersonalize situations.
B)  be unaware of their anxiety.
C)  see incidental events as irrelevant to themselves.
D)  be assertive and disapproving.E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 8

Loneliness is best described as a state created by the awareness that you:

Accepted Answer

A)  are alone most of the time.
B)  have lost a significant relationship.
C)  have fewer meaningful social relationships than you desire.
D)  are not really respected even though you have many acquaintances.E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 9

Dr.Jones believes that when his diagnoses and treatments of patients go well it is because he is a great doctor.If something goes wrong,though,he says it is because the patients were not 100% truthful or a previous doctor made an error.This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

A)  belief perseverance.
B)  self-serving bias.
C)  hindsight bias.
D)  illusory correlation.E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

Question 10

Researchers suggest that we can avoid self-confirming diagnoses by:

Accepted Answer

A)  looking for illusory correlations.
B)  carefully monitoring the information that is consistent with our ideas.
C)  considering opposing ideas and then testing them.
D)  confirming our intuitions.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 11

Maxwell,a college junior,suffers from chronic depression.After learning that he has performed poorly on his chemistry test,he is most likely to say:

Accepted Answer

A)  "The test was not a fair assessment of what I actually know."
B)  "My chemistry professor does not grade his tests fairly."
C)  "I'm incompetent and probably always will be."
D)  "I am sure most people did poorly on the test."E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 12

According to Martin Seligman (1991,1998,2002) ,the high levels of depression in today's Western world,ironically,can be blamed in part on the promotion of attitudes that say:

Accepted Answer

A)  "Everybody needs somebody sometime."
B)  "You can make it on your own."
C)  "You're unique and special."
D)  "Eat,drink,and be merry,for tomorrow we die."E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 13

Compared to nondepressed people,depressed people are more likely to attribute their failures and setbacks to causes that are:

Accepted Answer

A)  external.
B)  specific.
C)  internal.
D)  situational.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 14

Susan Brodt and Philip Zimbardo (1981) found that shy women who were exposed to loud noise and told that it would leave them _____ were subsequently _____ when interacting with a handsome male.

Accepted Answer

A)  with a pounding heart;no longer so shy
B)  unaffected;not at all shy
C)  with a pounding heart;even more shy
D)  unaffected;unaffectedE) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 15

Which of the following is an example of an unconscious strategic ploy used by shy people to explain away negative outcomes?

Accepted Answer

A)  "Because of my inability to study,I got low grades in school."
B)  "I will not be shy after I undergo therapy."
C)  "Because I'm shy,I tend to make grammatical errors when talking."
D)  "I will be able to do well in sports if I am able to control my anxiety."E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 16

Who is LEAST likely to feel anxious?

Accepted Answer

A)  Vanessa,who is eating by herself in a local diner
B)  Uma,who is giving a speech to a gathering of her professional peers
C)  Jake,who is going to his first school dance
D)  Arnold,who is being interviewed for a much-wanted jobE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 17

In the context of implications for better clinical practice,one important effect of hindsight is that it can:

Accepted Answer

A)  eliminate the tendency to see relationships that you expect to see.
B)  lead to increased cautiousness and decreased confidence.
C)  lead to both overconfidence and the tendency to judge yourself too harshly.
D)  be very helpful in developing hypotheses about personality traits.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 18

Which of the following is true about depression in non-Western cultures?

Accepted Answer

A)  Major depression is more dependent on the failure to achieve material and capitalist goals.
B)  Major depression is more tied to failure in achieving success in personal ventures and ambitions.
C)  Major depression is less tied to close-knit relationships.
D)  Major depression is less tied to guilt and self-blame over perceived personal failure.E) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 19

According to Renaud and Estess (1961) ,therapists who expect to find evidence of early childhood traumas are likely to uncover such experiences among:

Accepted Answer

A)  clients who are males.
B)  clients who are real victims of childhood sex abuse.
C)  clients who are healthy,successful adults.
D)  all clients.E) A) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 20

Susan Brodt and Philip Zimbardo (1981) found that shy women were no longer shy when they:

Accepted Answer

A)  were provided an alternative explanation for their social anxiety.
B)  were provided with cognitive behavioral therapy before interacting with others.
C)  were told that most people feel shy.
D)  were taught to blame their failures on circumstances beyond their control.E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Exam 14: Social Psychology in the Clinic

Carver et al.(1994) and Strack and Coyne (1983) found that depressed people were realistic in thinking that other people:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Researchers suggest that we can avoid self-confirming diagnoses by:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Loneliness is best described as a state created by the awareness that you:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is true about loneliness?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is an example of an unconscious strategic ploy used by shy people to explain away negative outcomes?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Who is LEAST likely to feel anxious?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the context of implications for better clinical practice,one important effect of hindsight is that it can:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Most shy,self-conscious people tend to:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Women who had been sexually abused reported more health problems,especially if they had:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Maxwell,a college junior,suffers from chronic depression.After learning that he has performed poorly on his chemistry test,he is most likely to say:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to James Maddux,professional clinicians are NOT likely to:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Susan is seeing a therapist to help overcome her recent bout of depression.At the end of each session,her therapist gives her a "homework" assignment to talk and act in ways that will help her generate new emotions.Susan is most likely undergoing:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Martin Seligman (1991,1998,2002) ,the high levels of depression in today's Western world,ironically,can be blamed in part on the promotion of attitudes that say:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to the self-presentation theory,we will feel social anxiety when we are:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Renaud and Estess (1961) ,therapists who expect to find evidence of early childhood traumas are likely to uncover such experiences among:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Compared to nondepressed people,depressed people are more likely to attribute their failures and setbacks to causes that are:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Dr.Jones believes that when his diagnoses and treatments of patients go well it is because he is a great doctor.If something goes wrong,though,he says it is because the patients were not 100% truthful or a previous doctor made an error.This is an example of:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Susan Brodt and Philip Zimbardo (1981) found that shy women were no longer shy when they:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is true about depression in non-Western cultures?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Susan Brodt and Philip Zimbardo (1981) found that shy women who were exposed to loud noise and told that it would leave them _____ were subsequently _____ when interacting with a handsome male.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Susan Brodt and Philip Zimbardo (1981) found that shy women who were exposed to loud noise and told that it would leave them _ were subsequently _ when interacting with a handsome male.

Correct Answer
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