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Viewing pornography:


A) contributes to men's actual aggression toward women.
B) helps women understand how to respond to sexual coercion.
C) does not impact men's aggressive acts or thoughts toward women.
D) leads men to fantasize about being raped.

E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

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The redirection of aggression to a safer or more socially acceptable target other than the source of the frustration is referred to as:


A) displacement.
B) substitution.
C) deprivation
D) projection.

E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Correct Answer

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A

According to Albert Bandura (1997) ,an important influence on one's tendency to be aggressive is:


A) hormonal factors.
B) how much anger or frustration has built up inside.
C) one's hereditary predisposition to be aggressive.
D) the observation of others' behavior.

E) A) and C)
F) B) and D)

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When aggression is displaced,generally,the new target ________.


A) is a safe target
B) is a socially rejected or abandoned target
C) is completely different from the instigator
D) is an ingroup member

E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

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A

________ aggression springs from anger,and its only goal is to injure.


A) Manipulative
B) Duplicitous
C) Hostile
D) Instrumental

E) C) and D)
F) All of the above

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According to Bartholow and Heinz (2006) ,Giancola and Corman (2007) ,and Ito et al.(1996) ,alcohol enhances aggressiveness by ________.


A) focusing their attention on a provocation
B) enhancing people's self-awareness
C) prompting people to ignore ambiguous acts
D) promoting individuation and inhibition

E) All of the above
F) A) and C)

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An instinctive behavior is a behavior that is:


A) survival-oriented and common to most members of a species.
B) innate,unlearned,and exhibited by all members of a species.
C) reflexive and automatic but easily overcome by learning.
D) taught to members of a species.

E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

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In the context of aggression,which of the following refers to emotional release?


A) catharsis
B) abstraction
C) abulia
D) lapsus

E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

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Which hormone is closely correlated with human aggression?


A) estrogen
B) testosterone
C) adrenaline
D) gonadotrophin

E) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

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The frustration-aggression theory is designed to explain:


A) hostile aggression.
B) instrumental aggression.
C) both hostile and instrumental aggression.
D) neither hostile nor instrumental aggression.

E) All of the above
F) A) and D)

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In the context of aggression,the most-studied environmental irritant is:


A) pain.
B) cigarette smoke.
C) air pollution.
D) heat.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Which of the following is the best example of instrumental aggression?


A) An angry football player tackles a quarterback after he attempts a long pass.
B) A wife finds her husband with another woman and shoots them both.
C) A group of mercenaries,hired to kill the dictator of a small country,arrange to poison him.
D) A man smashes his television set when he is unable to switch it on.

E) None of the above
F) B) and D)

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In the context of the social learning approach to aggression,according to R. A.Baron (1977) ,threatened punishment can deter aggression only when ________.


A) the recipient is not rewarded for the desired behavior
B) the punishment is delayed rather than prompt
C) the punishment is strong and sure
D) the recipient is angry or aggressive

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Correct Answer

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Mullen (1986) reported that the greater the number of people in a lynch mob,the ________ the murder and mutilation.


A) more frequent
B) less frequent
C) more vicious
D) less vicious

E) A) and C)
F) None of the above

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C

In a famous experiment by Albert Bandura and his colleagues (1961) ,children watched an adult attack a Bobo doll with a mallet.They were then shown some toys that they were forbidden to play with.When they were taken to another room,they:


A) began to cry.
B) attacked a Bobo doll.
C) verbally attacked the adult experimenter.
D) chose to watch a violent rather than a nonviolent film.

E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Correct Answer

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As part of therapy,a clinical psychologist encourages her patients to install punching bags in their homes to release their pent-up aggression.The therapist apparently believes in:


A) the social learning theory.
B) Parkinson's second law.
C) the catharsis hypothesis.
D) the adaptation-level phenomenon.

E) B) and D)
F) None of the above

Correct Answer

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Identify a true statement about the influence of media on aggression.


A) Researchers assert that everyone who watches violent media becomes aggressive in real life.
B) Single anecdotes of TV-inspired violence are scientific evidence.
C) Researchers use correlational and experimental studies to examine the effects of viewing violence.
D) Aggression is independent of exposure to violent media

E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

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In the context of the influences on aggression in youths sharing antisocial tendencies,self-identity diminishes as group members in a gang ________.


A) develop strong bonds with their families
B) feel isolated from other group members
C) give themselves over to their group
D) expect success in the academic field

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Correct Answer

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In 2003,American and British leaders justified attacking Iraq not as a hostile effort to kill Iraqis but as an act of liberation and of self-defense against presumed weapons of mass destruction.Social psychologists would consider this an example of ________ aggression.


A) manipulative
B) duplicitous
C) impulsive
D) instrumental

E) All of the above
F) A) and D)

Correct Answer

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Bushman (2002) invited angered participants to hit a punching bag while either ruminating about the person who angered them or thinking about becoming physically fit.A third group of participants did not hit the punching bag.When given a chance to administer loud blasts of noise to the person who angered them,people in ________ felt angrier and were most aggressive.


A) the non-punching bag condition
B) the punching bag plus fitness thoughts condition
C) the punching bag plus rumination condition
D) all the three conditions

E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Correct Answer

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