Question 1

According to the experiments initiated by Serge Moscovici in Paris,which of the following is true of the determinants of minority influence?

Accepted Answer

A)  A minority that wavers is more influential than a minority that sticks to its position.
B)  Any behavior by a majority that conveys self-confidence tends to raise self-doubts among the minority.
C)  When a minority consistently doubts the majority wisdom,majority members become free to express their own doubts.
D)  Compared to majority influence that often stimulates a deeper processing of arguments,minority influence triggers unthinking agreement.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 2

Whenever your friend Ted surfs online,he writes terribly harsh letters to strangers using a bogus email address.Ted's behavior can likely be attributed to the role of ________ in deindividuation.

Accepted Answer

A)  group size
B)  anonymity
C)  arousing activities
D)  self-esteemE) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 3

Which two symptoms of groupthink lead to group members overestimating their group's right and might?

Accepted Answer

A)  rationalization and conformity pressure
B)  rationalization and a stereotyped view of the opponent
C)  an illusion of invulnerability and self-censorship
D)  an illusion of invulnerability and an unquestioned belief in the group's moralityE) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 4

Two or more people who,for longer than a few moments,interact with and influence one another and perceive one another as "us" are referred by social psychologists as a:

Accepted Answer

A)  clan.
B)  crowd.
C)  group.
D)  mob.E) All of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 5

A person who is able to motivate others to identify with and commit themselves to the group's mission would be best described as a(n) :

Accepted Answer

A)  task leader.
B)  transformational leader.
C)  social leader.
D)  transactional leader.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 6

The fact that active participation in discussion produces more attitude change is best explained by:

Accepted Answer

A)  the concept of informational influence.
B)  the social role theory.
C)  the cognitive miser theory.
D)  a decrease in pluralistic ignorance.E) All of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 7

People are more likely to exhibit social loafing if:

Accepted Answer

A)  they find the task to be challenging.
B)  rewards are divided according to individual effort.
C)  rewards are divided equally regardless of individual effort.
D)  they are individually monitored.E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

Question 8

In a study by Latané and his colleagues (1979) ,participants were asked to shout and clap as loud as possible.Participants produced the most noise when they:

Accepted Answer

A)  thought they were shouting alone.
B)  thought there was one other person shouting with them.
C)  thought there were five other people shouting with them.
D)  were not feeling any evaluation apprehension.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 9

The illusion of unanimity in a group is one aspect of:

Accepted Answer

A)  outgroup bias.
B)  deindividuation.
C)  groupthink.
D)  self-realization.E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 10

When people experience a loss of self-awareness as well as evaluation apprehension,they are in a state of:

Accepted Answer

A)  self-realization.
B)  reactance.
C)  deindividuation.
D)  groupthink.E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 11

Which of the following is one of the three determinants of minority influence?

Accepted Answer

A)  conformance to the majority
B)  self-confidence
C)  self-censorship
D)  open-mindednessE) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 12

Later research on risk-taking behaviors found that group discussion leads to:

Accepted Answer

A)  more caution than individuals would take.
B)  more risk than the average individual would take.
C)  group members' initial leaning being enhanced.
D)  group moderation.E) A) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 13

Professional athletes often perform better in front of a large crowd during a game than alone during practice.This finding supports the theory of:

Accepted Answer

A)  social facilitation.
B)  social loafing.
C)  social comparison.
D)  deindividuation.E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 14

"Mindguards" protect group leaders from:

Accepted Answer

A)  unfair criticism.
B)  disagreeable facts.
C)  illusions of unanimity.
D)  the framing effect.E) A) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 15

Which of the following statements is true of social loafing across various cultures?

Accepted Answer

A)  In all cultures,women exhibit more social loafing than men do.
B)  People in Asia exhibit less social loafing than do people in the United States.
C)  There is no significant difference in the social loafing behaviors of people in the United States and people in Asia.
D)  People in Asia exhibit more social loafing than do people in the United States.E) A) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 16

Which of the following statements is true about the relationship between work performance and the presence of others?

Accepted Answer

A)  On simple,individualistic tasks,people work better when alone rather than in the presence of others.
B)  Because competition motivates,people working on complicated tasks are more efficient when they work in the same room rather than in isolation.
C)  For both simple and complex tasks,environmental distractions invariably undermine the quality of performance.
D)  The presence of others speeds up the performance of simple,well-learned tasks.E) A) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 17

Triplett conducted one of social psychology's first laboratory experiments by asking children to wind string on a fishing reel.The results of the study indicated that the children worked ________ on their fishing reel when co-actors were competing with them in contrast to when they worked alone.

Accepted Answer

A)  faster
B)  slower
C)  uninterestedly
D)  leisurelyE) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 18

The extremism of terrorist organizations,such as those involved in the September 11 attacks on the United States,is very likely the result of the naturally occurring process of:

Accepted Answer

A)  group polarization.
B)  pluralistic ignorance.
C)  social loafing.
D)  social facilitation.E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 19

What underlying processes help to explain the occurrence of group polarization?

Accepted Answer

A)  informational influences and normative influences
B)  minority influences and social facilitation
C)  psychological reactance and deindividuation
D)  collective narcissism and self-realizationE) A) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 20

According to Marvin Shaw,which of the following would most likely constitute a group?

Accepted Answer

A)  six people riding a city bus
B)  eight people working individually in a computer room
C)  a pair of jogging companions
D)  five people waiting for different buses at a bus stopE) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Exam 8: Group Influence

Triplett conducted one of social psychology's first laboratory experiments by asking children to wind string on a fishing reel.The results of the study indicated that the children worked ________ on their fishing reel when co-actors were competing with them in contrast to when they worked alone.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to the experiments initiated by Serge Moscovici in Paris,which of the following is true of the determinants of minority influence?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The illusion of unanimity in a group is one aspect of:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When people experience a loss of self-awareness as well as evaluation apprehension,they are in a state of:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The extremism of terrorist organizations,such as those involved in the September 11 attacks on the United States,is very likely the result of the naturally occurring process of:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements is true of social loafing across various cultures?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

People are more likely to exhibit social loafing if:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

"Mindguards" protect group leaders from:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Professional athletes often perform better in front of a large crowd during a game than alone during practice.This finding supports the theory of:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to Marvin Shaw,which of the following would most likely constitute a group?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is one of the three determinants of minority influence?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Two or more people who,for longer than a few moments,interact with and influence one another and perceive one another as "us" are referred by social psychologists as a:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The fact that active participation in discussion produces more attitude change is best explained by:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Whenever your friend Ted surfs online,he writes terribly harsh letters to strangers using a bogus email address.Ted's behavior can likely be attributed to the role of ________ in deindividuation.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A person who is able to motivate others to identify with and commit themselves to the group's mission would be best described as a(n) :

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Later research on risk-taking behaviors found that group discussion leads to:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In a study by Latané and his colleagues (1979) ,participants were asked to shout and clap as loud as possible.Participants produced the most noise when they:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which two symptoms of groupthink lead to group members overestimating their group's right and might?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What underlying processes help to explain the occurrence of group polarization?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements is true about the relationship between work performance and the presence of others?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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