Question 1

Isen, Clark, and Schwartz (1976)  had a confederate, who supposedly spent her last dime on a wrong number, call people who had received a free sample of stationery 0 to 20 minutes earlier. The results indicate these people's willingness to relay the phone message rose during the 5 minutes afterwards. Then, their helpfulness

Accepted Answer

A)   dropped; as good mood wore off, so did their helpfulness.
B)   increased.
C)   both A and B.
D)   none of these choices.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 2

Two social norms that can motivate helping behaviour are

Accepted Answer

A)   reciprocity and social responsibility.
B)   kin selection and moral inclusion.
C)   social exchange and reciprocity.
D)   social responsibility and kin selection.E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 3

Which of the following does not belong with the others?

Accepted Answer

A)   reciprocity
B)   social norms
C)   kin selection
D)   evolutionary psychologyE) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 4

Kris is walking down the street and sees an individual on crutches coming out of the grocery store having a very difficult time carrying his parcels. Given that Kris was on crutches for a broken ankle several months previous, she feels empathy for this stranger. Based on theories of altruism, what is the best explanation that relates to why Kris would help this stranger?

Accepted Answer

A)   social-exchange
B)   egoistic distress reduction
C)   altruistic empathy
D)   reciprocityE) B) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 5

According to the social-exchange theory, people help when

Accepted Answer

A)   the gains are external and the losses are internal.
B)   the gains are greater than the losses.
C)   the gains and losses are proportional.
D)   the gains are smaller than the losses.E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 6

One of the things that complicates the definition of altruism is

Accepted Answer

A)   a skeptic can see hidden self-interest behind any act of helping.
B)   it is hard to recognize analogies.
C)   most people think in terms of semantics, when episodic processing is what is required.
D)   many people suffer from compassion fatigue.E) All of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 7

Which of the following statements about the relationship between gender and helping is true?

Accepted Answer

A)   Male helpers are more likely to help female victims than male victims.
B)   Female helpers are equally likely to help female and male victims.
C)   Female helpers are more likely to help male victims than female victims.
D)   None of these choices.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 8

Receiving unsolicited help

Accepted Answer

A)   can raise self-esteem in low-self-esteem people.
B)   can decrease one's self-esteem.
C)   will create empathy and distress.
D)   will activate the social responsibility norm.E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 9

In an enactment of the Good Samaritan situation, Darley and Batson studied the helpfulness of Princeton seminarians in order to assess whether helping behaviour is influenced by

Accepted Answer

A)   religious education.
B)   age differences.
C)   social responsibility.
D)   time pressures.E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 10

Someone who wants to teach children to behave altruistically should

Accepted Answer

A)   bribe them to behave in a helpful way.
B)   notice and punish the children's unhelpful behaviour.
C)   force the children to assist another person.
D)   help the children to see themselves as helpful, giving people.E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 11

What principle or concept suggests that rewarding people for their helpfulness may, in the long run, undermine their self-motivated altruism?

Accepted Answer

A)   the door-in-the-face principle
B)   moral exclusion
C)   the overjustification effect
D)   the insufficient justification effectE) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 12

Greg went to a specialty store to find a gift for his girlfriend. He noticed a shelf of blown-glass figurines that said "do not pick up these figurines!". He ignored the sign and started picking up pieces that he liked. The store clerk came over and admonished Greg for his actions, telling him "Hey! Didn't you read the sign? Don't pick up the figurines as you could break them!". Greg felt bad and guilty for being inconsiderate. Suddenly, a shopper next to him dropped her purse and spilled its contents all over the floor. Given the principles of helping behaviour,

Accepted Answer

A)   Greg will likely not help the woman because he is preoccupied with feeling bad.
B)   Greg will leave the store before he is blamed for the mess.
C)   Greg is more likely to help the woman collect the items from her purse.
D)   Greg will be embarrassed that the clerk admonished him and leave the store.E) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 13

The finding that a person is less likely to help in an emergency when other people are present is called

Accepted Answer

A)   the bystander effect.
B)   pluralistic ignorance.
C)   the self-interest effect.
D)   the suppression of responsibility effect.E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

Question 14

When people need our help, we are most likely to provide assistance if we attribute their need to

Accepted Answer

A)   a lack of motivation.
B)   circumstances beyond their control.
C)   poor planning or foresight.
D)   their mood or disposition.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 15

Theories of altruism include

Accepted Answer

A)   social norms.
B)   social exchange.
C)   evolutionary.
D)   All of the above.E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 16

According the Cioffi and Garner study, more students showed up to give blood when they

Accepted Answer

A)   were sent a letter asking that they reply with a "no" if they did not anticipating donating.
B)   were sent a letter asking that they reply with a "yes" if they anticipated donating.
C)   received an email announcement a week ahead.
D)   received an email announcement one day ahead.E) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 17

Evolutionary psychology contends that the essence of life is

Accepted Answer

A)   gene survival.
B)   self-actualization.
C)   holistic health.
D)   the discovery of meaning.E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

Question 18

Batson and his colleagues had university women watch another woman suffer a series of painful shocks. Some participants were led to feel empathy for her and were then asked if they would trade places, taking her remaining shocks. The results indicated that

Accepted Answer

A)   most participants agreed to help but only if they knew they would otherwise continue to see her suffer.
B)   most participants agreed to help even if they knew that their part in the experiment was complete and that they would no longer have to see her suffer.
C)   most participants downplayed the victim's suffering or convinced themselves that she deserved to be shocked.
D)   most participants refused to trade places but expressed sympathy and sought compensation for the victim from the experimenters.E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 19

According to the social-exchange theory, Wendy will be more likely to help Amanda, who is a stranger, if Amanda

Accepted Answer

A)   is a very sociable person.
B)   offers to give Wendy some sort of small gift.
C)   seems to be a substitute for someone Wendy cares about.
D)   looks like Wendy's mother.E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 20

Edward has just learned that his grandfather wrongly profited from the seizure of Japanese Canadians' property during the war. When asked, he quickly agrees to donate money to an anti-racism activist group. What is the most likely reason?

Accepted Answer

A)   Edward felt guilty.
B)   The social comparison theory predicts helping.
C)   Egoism is a powerful motivator.
D)   None of these choices are correct.E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

Exam 8: Altruism: Helping Others

According to the social-exchange theory, Wendy will be more likely to help Amanda, who is a stranger, if Amanda

Correct Answer
verified

Theories of altruism include

Correct Answer
verified

Evolutionary psychology contends that the essence of life is

Correct Answer
verified

The finding that a person is less likely to help in an emergency when other people are present is called

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following statements about the relationship between gender and helping is true?

Correct Answer
verified

Batson and his colleagues had university women watch another woman suffer a series of painful shocks. Some participants were led to feel empathy for her and were then asked if they would trade places, taking her remaining shocks. The results indicated that

Correct Answer
verified

Two social norms that can motivate helping behaviour are

Correct Answer
verified

When people need our help, we are most likely to provide assistance if we attribute their need to

Correct Answer
verified

Someone who wants to teach children to behave altruistically should

Correct Answer
verified

One of the things that complicates the definition of altruism is

Correct Answer
verified

According to the social-exchange theory, people help when

Correct Answer
verified

What principle or concept suggests that rewarding people for their helpfulness may, in the long run, undermine their self-motivated altruism?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following does not belong with the others?

Correct Answer
verified

In an enactment of the Good Samaritan situation, Darley and Batson studied the helpfulness of Princeton seminarians in order to assess whether helping behaviour is influenced by

Correct Answer
verified

According the Cioffi and Garner study, more students showed up to give blood when they

Correct Answer
verified

Receiving unsolicited help

Correct Answer
verified

Edward has just learned that his grandfather wrongly profited from the seizure of Japanese Canadians' property during the war. When asked, he quickly agrees to donate money to an anti-racism activist group. What is the most likely reason?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
verified

Exam 8: Altruism: Helping Others

According to the social-exchange theory, Wendy will be more likely to help Amanda, who is a stranger, if Amanda

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Theories of altruism include

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Evolutionary psychology contends that the essence of life is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The finding that a person is less likely to help in an emergency when other people are present is called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements about the relationship between gender and helping is true?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Batson and his colleagues had university women watch another woman suffer a series of painful shocks. Some participants were led to feel empathy for her and were then asked if they would trade places, taking her remaining shocks. The results indicated that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Two social norms that can motivate helping behaviour are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When people need our help, we are most likely to provide assistance if we attribute their need to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Someone who wants to teach children to behave altruistically should

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

One of the things that complicates the definition of altruism is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to the social-exchange theory, people help when

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What principle or concept suggests that rewarding people for their helpfulness may, in the long run, undermine their self-motivated altruism?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following does not belong with the others?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In an enactment of the Good Samaritan situation, Darley and Batson studied the helpfulness of Princeton seminarians in order to assess whether helping behaviour is influenced by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According the Cioffi and Garner study, more students showed up to give blood when they

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Receiving unsolicited help

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Edward has just learned that his grandfather wrongly profited from the seizure of Japanese Canadians' property during the war. When asked, he quickly agrees to donate money to an anti-racism activist group. What is the most likely reason?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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