Question 1

A.Identify the two major progenitor subsets of leukocytes.
B.Where do they originate in adults?
C.Name the white blood cells that differentiate from these two progenitor lineages.

Accepted Answer

A.The two major progenitor subsets of le...

Question 2

_____ act as cellular messengers by delivering degraded pathogens to lymphoid organs.

Accepted Answer

A)  Plasma cells
B)  Dendritic cells
C)  Large granular lymphocytes
D)  Mast cells
E)  Basophils.F) B) and C)
G) A) and C)

Question 3

The thin layer of cells that makes up the interior lining of the blood vessels is called the _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  mucosa
B)  epithelium
C)  endothelium
D)  connective tissue
E)  lymphoid tissue.F) B) and C)
G) A) and D)

Question 4

Identify the incorrect statement regarding hematopoiesis.

Accepted Answer

A)  Hematopoiesis is a continuous process that occurs throughout one's lifetime.
B)  The location for hematopoiesis differs with age.
C)  Self renewal is necessary to replenish the supply of hematopoietic stem cells.
D)  Most hematopoiesis occurs in the bone marrow after birth.
E)  Leukocytes,but not erythrocytes,must go through hematopoiesis in order to develop.F) B) and C)
G) B) and E)

Question 5

Which of the following is not associated with mucosal surfaces?

Accepted Answer

A)  mucus-secreting goblet cells
B)  lysozyme
C)  M cells
D)  white pulp
E)  beating cilia.F) A) and B)
G) None of the above

Question 6

Describe the characteristics commonly associated with inflammation and what causes them.

Accepted Answer

The hallmarks of inflammation are heat,r...

Question 7

Primary lymphoid tissues are the sites where lymphocytes _______,whereas secondary lymphoid tissues are the sites where lymphocytes _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  are stimulated; develop and mature
B)  encounter pathogens; undergo apoptosis
C)  develop and mature; become stimulated
D)  undergo clonal selection; differentiate from hematopoietic stem cells
E)  die; are phagocytosed after death.F) B) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 8

The first line of defense against microorganisms that infect the body is referred to as _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  opportunistic immunity
B)  innate immunity
C)  adaptive immunity
D)  primary immunity
E)  central immunity.F) A) and B)
G) C) and E)

Question 9

Examples of granulocytes include all of the following except:

Accepted Answer

A)  neutrophil
B)  monocyte
C)  basophil
D)  eosinophil.
E)  All of the above are examples of granulocytes.F) A) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 10

What are clonal selection and clonal expansion in the context of an adaptive immune response? Describe how they shape the adaptive immune response.

Accepted Answer

In an adaptive immune response to a path...

Question 11

The last cases of smallpox were reported in the _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  1950s
B)  1960s
C)  1970s
D)  1980s
E)  1990s.F) A) and C)
G) B) and E)

Question 12

Phagocytosis of either microbes or microbial constituents by macrophages is followed by the activation of macrophages and the secretion of cytokines.What are the main effects of these molecules?

Accepted Answer

The cytokines released by activated macr...

Question 13

Why does it take approximately a week after infection for the benefits of an adaptive immune response to start to be felt?

Accepted Answer

Before the establishment of an effector ...

Question 14

The _____ is (are) the lymphoid organ(s) that filter(s) the blood.

Accepted Answer

A)  spleen
B)  tonsils
C)  Peyer's patches
D)  appendix
E)  adenoids.F) A) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 15

The spleen differs from other secondary lymphoid organs in which of the following ways?

Accepted Answer

A)  It does not contain T cells.
B)  It filters blood as well as lymph.
C)  It is populated by specialized cells called M cells.
D)  It receives pathogens via afferent lymphatic vessels.
E)  It has no connection with the lymphatics.F) B) and D)
G) C) and D)

Question 16

Which of the following pairs is mismatched?

Accepted Answer

A)  monocyte progenitor: macrophage
B)  erythroid progenitor: megakaryocyte
C)  myeloid progenitor: neutrophil
D)  lymphoid progenitor: natural killer cell.
E)  None of the above is mismatched.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 17

_____ cells persist long after an individual has been vaccinated.

Accepted Answer

A)  Neutrophil
B)  Plasma
C)  Memory
D)  M
E)  Mast.F) B) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 18

An example of an antimicrobial peptide that protects epithelial surfaces from pathogens is _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  glycoprotein
B)  defensin
C)  proteoglycan
D)  lysozyme
E)  sebum.F) B) and C)
G) A) and C)

Question 19

A bacterium that causes a common disease in a population that has been previously exposed to it is called _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  opportunistic
B)  resistant
C)  commensal
D)  endemic
E)  attenuated.F) B) and D)
G) B) and E)

Question 20

Which of the following statements regarding neutrophils is false?

Accepted Answer

A)  Neutrophils are mobilized from the bone marrow to sites of infection when needed.
B)  Neutrophils are active only in aerobic conditions.
C)  Neutrophils are phagocytic.
D)  Neutrophils form pus,which comprises dead neutrophils.
E)  Dead neutrophils are cleared from sites of infection by macrophages.F) B) and C)
G) C) and E)

Exam 1: Elements of the Immune System and Their Roles in Defense

Phagocytosis of either microbes or microbial constituents by macrophages is followed by the activation of macrophages and the secretion of cytokines.What are the main effects of these molecules?

Correct AnswerverifiedThe cytokines released by activated macr...View AnswerShow Answer

Why does it take approximately a week after infection for the benefits of an adaptive immune response to start to be felt?

Correct AnswerverifiedBefore the establishment of an effector ...View AnswerShow Answer

Identify the incorrect statement regarding hematopoiesis.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The last cases of smallpox were reported in the _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

_____ act as cellular messengers by delivering degraded pathogens to lymphoid organs.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Primary lymphoid tissues are the sites where lymphocytes _______,whereas secondary lymphoid tissues are the sites where lymphocytes _______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is not associated with mucosal surfaces?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Examples of granulocytes include all of the following except:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

_____ cells persist long after an individual has been vaccinated.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements regarding neutrophils is false?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An example of an antimicrobial peptide that protects epithelial surfaces from pathogens is _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The _____ is (are) the lymphoid organ(s) that filter(s) the blood.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A.Identify the two major progenitor subsets of leukocytes. B.Where do they originate in adults? C.Name the white blood cells that differentiate from these two progenitor lineages.

Correct AnswerverifiedA.The two major progenitor subsets of le...View AnswerShow Answer

The thin layer of cells that makes up the interior lining of the blood vessels is called the _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What are clonal selection and clonal expansion in the context of an adaptive immune response? Describe how they shape the adaptive immune response.

Correct AnswerverifiedIn an adaptive immune response to a path...View AnswerShow Answer

Which of the following pairs is mismatched?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A bacterium that causes a common disease in a population that has been previously exposed to it is called _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The spleen differs from other secondary lymphoid organs in which of the following ways?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Describe the characteristics commonly associated with inflammation and what causes them.

Correct AnswerverifiedThe hallmarks of inflammation are heat,r...View AnswerShow Answer

The first line of defense against microorganisms that infect the body is referred to as _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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The cytokines released by activated macr...
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Before the establishment of an effector ...
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Primary lymphoid tissues are the sites where lymphocytes _,whereas secondary lymphoid tissues are the sites where lymphocytes _.

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A.The two major progenitor subsets of le...
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In an adaptive immune response to a path...
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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The hallmarks of inflammation are heat,r...
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Correct Answer
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