Question 1

Which of the following is true of simulated juries?

Accepted Answer

A)   They can help us formulate theories that we can then use to interpret the more complex world.
B)   They are virtually identical to real juries.
C)   They have been viewed by the majority of Supreme Court judges as valuable in predicting the behavior of actual juries.
D)   They are impractical and expensive.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 2

The majority of judges express _______ in the ability of mock jury studies to predict the actual behavior of jurors.

Accepted Answer

A)   extreme confidence
B)   moderate confidence
C)   moderate doubt
D)   serious doubtE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 3

Sunstein, Schkade, and Ellman (2004)  found evidence that group polarization tendencies were exhibited in all the following areas EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)   disability discrimination.
B)   affirmative action.
C)   review of environmental regulations.
D)   capital punishment.E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

Question 4

Which of the following statements is true of retelling?

Accepted Answer

A)   Retelling events accurately makes people less resistant to the misinformation effect.
B)   Rehearsing answers before taking the witness stand decreases the confidence of those who are wrong.
C)   Retelling events commits people to their recollections, accurate or not.
D)   Retelling has no effect on memory.E) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 5

Arthur is asked to visualize childhood events such as having the school nurse give him a vaccination. Afterwards, Arthur is convinced that the visualized event actually occurred. This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)   change blindness.
B)   blindsight.
C)   the post-identification feedback effect.
D)   imagination inflation.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 6

Support for capital punishment in the United States has _______ since 1994.

Accepted Answer

A)   fallen
B)   increased slightly
C)   remained stable
D)   increased significantlyE) A) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 7

Jurors have difficulty "erasing" the impact of inadmissible evidence

Accepted Answer

A)   when it is a criminal trial as opposed to a civil trial.
B)   when the inadmissible evidence is presented by the defense as opposed to the prosecution.
C)   especially when the inadmissible evidence has an emotional impact.
D)   when a witness, as opposed to a trial lawyer, blurts out the inadmissible evidence.E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 8

Research experiments by Wells and others (1979)  show that incorrect eyewitnesses are believed _____ of the time.

Accepted Answer

A)   5 percent
B)   20 percent
C)   50 percent
D)   80 percentE) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 9

Which one of the following is an indicator that can suggest accuracy in lineup identification?

Accepted Answer

A)   being an older eyewitness
B)   taking a long time to make an identification
C)   being very confident about an identification
D)   making a very quick identificationE) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 10

A police interrogator questioning an eyewitness to a robbery hopes to learn whether the assailant was wearing a bright green hat similar to one seen in another robbery. According to research, which of the following questions will elicit the most detailed,
Undistorted recall from the eyewitness?

Accepted Answer

A)   "Did you see whether the robber was wearing a hat?"
B)   "Can you describe the hat the robber was wearing?"
C)   "What color was the robber's hat?"
D)   "How was the robber dressed?"E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 11

After hours of interrogation by police officers, John, who was innocent of the crime, confessed to stealing from the grocery store. This is an example of a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)   compliant confession.
B)   internalized confession.
C)   misinformation confession.
D)   enhanced confession.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 12

Who is most likely to make an accurate identification?

Accepted Answer

A)   Andy who is shown an array of mug shots and asked to stop, think, and analytically compare their faces
B)   Phil who makes his identification in less than 10 seconds
C)   Ken who spends 5 minutes looking through mug shots before making his identification
D)   Vinny who is asked to identify someone of a different raceE) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 13

Which of the following strategies can be used for reducing misidentifications in police lineups?

Accepted Answer

A)   Give eyewitnesses a "blank" lineup that contains no suspects and screen out those who make false identifications.
B)   Minimize false identifications with instructions that acknowledge that the offender may not be in the lineup.
C)   Use a sequential lineup where eyewitnesses can compare each person with their memory of the culprit and make an absolute decision.
D)   All of the above.E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 14

An attorney will be defending James S., who is accused of raping a 22-year-old woman. Who among the following jurors is likely to be least sympathetic to his client's case?

Accepted Answer

A)   John, a 40-year-old plumber who once served a sentence for burglary
B)   Todd, a 22-year-old college student who is a political liberal
C)   Wilma, a 42-year-old mother of two who tends to be authoritarian
D)   Rita, a 32-year-old television executive who opposes the death penaltyE) B) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 15

How can lineup procedures be changed to improve their accuracy?

Accepted Answer

There are several ways that lineup proce...

Question 16

Why is it important that interrogators be blind to which person in a lineup is the actual suspect of the crime?

Accepted Answer

A)   to avoid problems with change blindness
B)   to avoid the post-identification feedback effect
C)   to reduce group polarization
D)   to avoid imagination inflationE) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 17

Jury researcher Michael Saks (1998)  reported that

Accepted Answer

A)   smaller juries more accurately recall trial testimony.
B)   larger juries more accurately recall trial testimony.
C)   smaller juries give more time to deliberations.
D)   larger juries seldom contain members of minority groups.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 18

Studies have identified the post-identification feedback effect, and suggest that in order to avoid it,

Accepted Answer

A)   witnesses should look for confirmation from interrogators.
B)   witnesses should not be permitted to communicate with the interrogators.
C)   interrogators should confirm which person is the suspect.
D)   interrogators should be kept ignorant of who is the suspect.E) B) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 19

Which of the following statements is true of death penalty and homicide rates?

Accepted Answer

A)   States with the death penalty have lower homicide rates.
B)   States with the death penalty do not have lower homicide rates.
C)   Homicide rates increase when states abolish the death penalty.
D)   Homicide rates drop when states initiate the death penalty.E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 20

Blair and her colleagues (2004)  reported that over a two-decade period, Black males convicted of murdering a White defendant were doubly likely to be sentenced to death if

Accepted Answer

A)   the murder was violent.
B)   the jurors were inexperienced.
C)   the jurors were older.
D)   they had more stereotypically Afrocentric features.E) B) and D)
F) A) and D)

Exam 15: Psychological Disorders

Blair and her colleagues (2004) reported that over a two-decade period, Black males convicted of murdering a White defendant were doubly likely to be sentenced to death if

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is true of simulated juries?

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Sunstein, Schkade, and Ellman (2004) found evidence that group polarization tendencies were exhibited in all the following areas EXCEPT

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Which of the following statements is true of retelling?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Jury researcher Michael Saks (1998) reported that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements is true of death penalty and homicide rates?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

After hours of interrogation by police officers, John, who was innocent of the crime, confessed to stealing from the grocery store. This is an example of a(n)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following strategies can be used for reducing misidentifications in police lineups?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Who is most likely to make an accurate identification?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How can lineup procedures be changed to improve their accuracy?

Correct AnswerAnswered by ExamLex AIThere are several ways that lineup proce...View AnswerShow Answer

Why is it important that interrogators be blind to which person in a lineup is the actual suspect of the crime?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Research experiments by Wells and others (1979) show that incorrect eyewitnesses are believed _____ of the time.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which one of the following is an indicator that can suggest accuracy in lineup identification?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A police interrogator questioning an eyewitness to a robbery hopes to learn whether the assailant was wearing a bright green hat similar to one seen in another robbery. According to research, which of the following questions will elicit the most detailed, Undistorted recall from the eyewitness?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Jurors have difficulty "erasing" the impact of inadmissible evidence

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Support for capital punishment in the United States has _______ since 1994.

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Arthur is asked to visualize childhood events such as having the school nurse give him a vaccination. Afterwards, Arthur is convinced that the visualized event actually occurred. This is an example of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Studies have identified the post-identification feedback effect, and suggest that in order to avoid it,

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An attorney will be defending James S., who is accused of raping a 22-year-old woman. Who among the following jurors is likely to be least sympathetic to his client's case?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The majority of judges express _______ in the ability of mock jury studies to predict the actual behavior of jurors.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Answered by ExamLex AI
There are several ways that lineup proce...
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