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If people remember the message better than the reason for discounting it, the impact of a noncredible person may _____ over time.


A) fade
B) stay the same
C) increase
D) decrease

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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In your marketing class, your assignment is to create an advertisement that will encourage people to buy condom X over condom Y. Given your knowledge of persuasion, which strategy would be most effective?


A) an ad that reads "AIDS kills," along with a suggestion that condom X prevents it
B) an ad that reads "AIDS kills," along with a suggestion that condom Y does not prevent it
C) an ad that suggests condom X prevents AIDS
D) an ad that suggests condom Y does not prevent AIDS

E) None of the above
F) B) and D)

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In the context of need for cognition, the most effective instructors


A) present information as simply as possible.
B) use fear-provoking tests to encourage study.
C) get their students to think actively.
D) are attractive and engaging.

E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

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People who have a high need for cognition are likely to


A) prefer peripheral routes to persuasion.
B) prefer central routes to persuasion.
C) support the life cycle explanation for differences in attitudes across age.
D) support the generational explanation for differences in attitudes across age.

E) B) and D)
F) A) and C)

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B

People tend to have different social and political attitudes depending on their age because the attitudes older people adopted when they were young persist through life largely unchanged. This refers to the _____ explanation for how age plays a role in persuasion.


A) generational
B) life cycle
C) cognitive
D) social proof

E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

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Perceived trustworthiness includes all of the following behaviors EXCEPT


A) the communicator has someone else convey his or her expertise.
B) the audience believes the communicator is trying to persuade them.
C) the communicator argues against his or her own self-interest.
D) the communicator talks fast.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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When an initially discounted message becomes effective, a delayed impact of the message occurs. This is called the _____.


A) paradox
B) short-term memory
C) sleeper effect
D) longevity

E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

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Identify a true statement about resisting persuasion.


A) Belief in an assertion is a consequence of thorough research.
B) To understand an assertion is to believe it, at least temporarily.
C) An assertion is a beginning of belief.
D) Believing an assertion can lead to perceptual errors.

E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

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Which one of the following is NOT one of the conditions under which a thinking person would adopt the peripheral route to persuasion?


A) when there is a lack of time and interest
B) when the speaker is articulate
C) when the speaker has several arguments
D) when the arguments are strong and compelling

E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

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Abelson and his colleagues (1982) found that voting preferences in the United States could be reasonably predicted from voters'


A) political party of choice.
B) geographical residence.
C) beliefs about the candidates' traits and likely behaviors.
D) emotional reactions to the candidates.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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The _____ effect refers to how information that is presented first usually has the most influence.


A) recency
B) primacy
C) channel
D) initial

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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B

Generally speaking, the most persuasive channel of communication seems to be


A) written.
B) audiotaped.
C) videotaped.
D) live.

E) C) and D)
F) All of the above

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The _____ route to persuasion occurs when interested people focus on arguments.


A) peripheral
B) central
C) logical
D) partial

E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

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Myra needs to ask her husband to buy her a gift. Which of the following strategies used by Myra reflects the lowball technique?


A) Myra lets her husband know how much she loves him.
B) Myra asks her husband to take her out some day.
C) Myra cooks good dinner for her husband when he comes home late.
D) Myra takes her husband out for a dinner.

E) B) and D)
F) None of the above

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When would it be best to present a persuasive appeal to an audience that was in a good mood versus a bad mood? Why?

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It would be best to present a persuasive...

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An economist predicts an economic breakdown in a country. His message is initially discounted because people are resistant to change their thought process. However, during economic breakdown, people acknowledge the economist's message and take his advice to counter the consequences of economic breakdown. This is an example of _____.


A) the sleeper effect
B) the inoculation effect
C) the neutral effect
D) the curvilinear effect

E) None of the above
F) A) and C)

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The motivation to think and analyze is referred to as the need for


A) contemplation.
B) inoculation.
C) cognition.
D) sublimation.

E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

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The Bennington College study revealed that


A) views embraced at an impressionable time fade over a lifetime of experience.
B) college makes "good little liberals" out of us all.
C) college produces liberals out of 75 percent of its students.
D) views embraced at an impressionable time often survive a lifetime of experience.

E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

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D

Explain attitude inoculation and how it affects persuasive appeals.

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Attitude inoculation is a psychological ...

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Describe how age plays a role in persuasion. Be sure to compare and contrast the life cycle explanation and the generational explanation.

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Age plays a significant role in persuasi...

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