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Exam 4: Nature, Nurture, and Human Diversity

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Question 21

Multiple Choice

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According to the theory of _____, you can best predict a person's behavior when you know that person's intended behaviors and their perceived self-efficacy and control.

A) attitude formation
B) inoculation
C) planned behavior
D) correlated behavior

E) B) and D)
F) All of the above

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Question 22

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The cognitive dissonance theory was formulated by

A) James Laird.
B) William James.
C) Leon Festinger.
D) Daryl Bem.

E) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

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Question 23

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Which of the following theories explains the insufficient justification effect by claiming that we explain our behavior by noting the conditions under which it occurs?

After making important decisions, we usually reduce dissonance by _____ the chosen alternative and _____ the unchosen option.

A store owner is concerned about shoplifting. Research on potent attitudes that influence shoplifting suggests that he can reduce theft by

When social psychologists try to measure attitudes of people, they

Jeremy loses his former interest in doing arithmetic after his teacher promises him $1 for each problem he solves correctly. Which theory best explains Jeremy's loss of interest in arithmetic?

You have recently earned a promotion at work and are now a manager. You decide to use your knowledge of social psychology to improve the working conditions of your new subordinates. You know that the dissonance theory predicts that attitudes will follow behaviors for which we feel some responsibility; therefore you decide to use _____ to elicit the desired behaviors in your subordinates.

Attitudes include all of the following EXCEPT

Applying the self-perception theory, the best way to cultivate Mark's enjoyment of a task that is not intrinsically appealing to him is to use incentives to have him comply with the behavior and then suggest that

Which area of the brain is active when we automatically evaluate social stimuli?

Describe one of your attitudes. Include cognitive, affective, and behavioral components.

In the context of social movements, an effective brainwashing program uses all of the following techniques EXCEPT

At the beginning of the Iraq war only 38 percent of Americans said the war was justified even if Iraq did not have weapons of mass destruction. When no such weapons were found after the war, 58 percent of Americans then supported the war. Myers explains this revision of people's memories of the government's rationale for going to war as an example of

Research revealed that the POWs (prisoners of war) of the Korean War were brainwashed through the tactic of

The result of bribing people to do what they already like doing and after which they may see their actions as externally controlled rather than intrinsically appealing is best explained by the

Although your mother had to nag you to clean your room as a child, she always praised your desire to keep your room clean and orderly when you finished. Her comments likely _____ your intrinsic motivation to maintain a clean and orderly environment on your own.

Juan needed to decide if he should live at home with his parents or in a dorm this year. He liked the idea of the freedom of the dorm but knew it was cheaper to live at home. According to cognitive dissonance theory, in order to reduce dissonance after deciding to stay at home Juan will likely

Which of the following theories assumes that for strategic reasons, we express attitudes that make us appear consistent?

What is the "principle of aggregation"? How can it help us understand moral hypocrisy?