Question 1

Pathogenic bacteria are becoming increasingly deadly because

Accepted Answer

A)   humans do not wash their hands frequently enough.
B)   antibiotic resistance is becoming more and more common due to humans taking unnecessary antibiotics.
C)   they pick up genes from humans, allowing them to fool human body cells into thinking that they are harmless.
D)   humans lose their natural immunity to many pathogens through lack of exposure.
E)   there is an increasing number of side effects from antibiotics.F) A) and D)
G) B) and E)

Question 2

Which of the following is considered a method of horizontal gene transfer in bacteria?

Accepted Answer

A)   binary fission only
B)   transformation and binary fission
C)   conjugation and budding
D)   transduction and conjugation only
E)   conjugation, transformation, and transductionF) C) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 3

Which statement is true about bacteria?

Accepted Answer

A)   Bacteria contain a nucleus.
B)   Bacteria lack ribosomes.
C)   Bacteria usually lack a cell wall.
D)   Bacteria only reproduce sexually.
E)   Bacteria contain a single, circular chromosome.F) B) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 4

What differentiates Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria?

Accepted Answer

A)   the type of DNA or RNA they contain
B)   their ability or lack of ability to fix nitrogen
C)   whether they are aerobic or anaerobic
D)   whether their cell walls have a thin or thick layer of peptidoglycan
E)   their specific rRNA sequencesF) C) and D)
G) B) and E)

Question 5

Microbiology is the study of microbes. Which of the following is considered a microbe?

Accepted Answer

A)   archae
B)   protists
C)   viroids
D)   bacteria
E)   All of the answer choices are microbes.F) A) and E)
G) B) and C)

Question 6

Antonie van Leeuwenhoek was a Dutch tradesman and scientist who is famous for inventing the microscope.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Which feature is lacking in the cell wall of archaea that will distinguish them from the bacteria?

Accepted Answer

A)   peptidoglycan
B)   phospholipids
C)   proteins
D)   polysaccharides
E)   None of the answer choices are lacking in the cell walls of the archaea.F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 8

The hypothesis that RNA and polypeptides evolved simultaneously was proposed by

Accepted Answer

A)   Stanley Miller.
B)   Alexander Cairns-Smith.
C)   Charles Darwin.
D)   Gunter Wachtershauser
E)   Sidney Fox.F) B) and E)
G) All of the above

Question 9

A virus carries a piece of bacteria DNA from one bacterium to another in a process called

Accepted Answer

A)   transformation.
B)   transduction.
C)   conjugation.
D)   infection.
E)   replication.F) None of the above
G) A) and E)

Question 10

Which of the following describes the archaea?

Accepted Answer

A)   methanogens
B)   halophiles
C)   thermoacidophiles
D)   prokaryotes
E)   All of the answer choices describe the archaea.F) C) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 11

Antibiotics are used to treat

Accepted Answer

A)   viral infections.
B)   bacterial infections.
C)   viroid infections.
D)   prion infections.
E)   fungal infections.F) A) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 12

Which of the following groups has a membrane composed of a monolayer of lipids with branched side chains that helps some members of the group tolerate acid and heat?

Accepted Answer

A)   archaea
B)   bacteria
C)   fungi
D)   prions
E)   virusesF) A) and D)
G) All of the above

Question 13

Which type of organism will form endospores when faced with unfavorable environmental conditions?

Accepted Answer

A)   viruses
B)   bacteria
C)   algae
D)   protozoans
E)   viroidsF) None of the above
G) A) and D)

Question 14

Which of the following terms would describe a chain of rod-shaped bacterial cells?

Accepted Answer

A)   staphylococcus
B)   streptospirilli
C)   diplobacilli
D)   streptococcus
E)   streptobacilliF) B) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 15

The synthesis of DNA or RNA from the organic soup would have been guided by the actions of enzymes in the

Accepted Answer

A)   protein-first hypothesis.
B)   RNA-first hypothesis.
C)   clay-catalyst hypothesis.
D)   DNA-first hypothesis.E) B) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 16

Which of the following molecules is thought to have been absent from the primitive reducing atmosphere of early Earth?

Accepted Answer

A)   water vapor (H2O) 
B)   methane (CH4) 
C)   hydrogen (H2) 
D)   oxygen (O2) 
E)   nitrogen (N2) F) C) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 17

The protein-first hypothesis

Accepted Answer

A)   is supported by the discovery that RNA can act as a catalyst.
B)   is supported by the fact that RNA can act as a substrate and as an enzyme.
C)   suggests it was an "RNA world" about 4 billion years ago.
D)   suggests that only RNA was needed to progress to the formation of the first cells.
E)   suggests that sophisticated enzymes with the ability to synthesize DNA and RNA arose first from small molecules provided by the ocean.F) D) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 18

Which of the following is true about viruses?

Accepted Answer

A)   The genome may be DNA or RNA.
B)   The nucleic acid may be single or double stranded.
C)   Viruses exhibit host specificity.
D)   Viruses are obligate intracellular parasites.
E)   All of the answer choices are true statements about viruses.F) A) and C)
G) All of the above

Question 19

List the four stages that are thought to have led to the formation of the first cells.

Accepted Answer

Stage 1: Organic monomers evolved from i...

Question 20

Naked strands of RNA not covered by a capsid are

Accepted Answer

A)   archaea.
B)   retroviruses.
C)   viroids.
D)   prions.
E)   viruses.F) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

Exam 28: Microbiology

A virus carries a piece of bacteria DNA from one bacterium to another in a process called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Antonie van Leeuwenhoek was a Dutch tradesman and scientist who is famous for inventing the microscope.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which feature is lacking in the cell wall of archaea that will distinguish them from the bacteria?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following describes the archaea?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which statement is true about bacteria?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Pathogenic bacteria are becoming increasingly deadly because

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following terms would describe a chain of rod-shaped bacterial cells?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which type of organism will form endospores when faced with unfavorable environmental conditions?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The synthesis of DNA or RNA from the organic soup would have been guided by the actions of enzymes in the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Antibiotics are used to treat

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is true about viruses?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What differentiates Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Naked strands of RNA not covered by a capsid are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following groups has a membrane composed of a monolayer of lipids with branched side chains that helps some members of the group tolerate acid and heat?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The protein-first hypothesis

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The hypothesis that RNA and polypeptides evolved simultaneously was proposed by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following molecules is thought to have been absent from the primitive reducing atmosphere of early Earth?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Microbiology is the study of microbes. Which of the following is considered a microbe?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

List the four stages that are thought to have led to the formation of the first cells.

Correct AnswerverifiedStage 1: Organic monomers evolved from i...View AnswerShow Answer

Which of the following is considered a method of horizontal gene transfer in bacteria?

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Stage 1: Organic monomers evolved from i...
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Correct Answer
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