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Which proteins form a membrane attack complex that produces holes in the surface of bacteria and some viruses?


A) interferon
B) cytokines
C) histamine
D) complement
E) thrombin

F) A) and E)
G) A) and B)

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Which of the following is an example of adaptive immunity?


A) natural killer cells
B) complement
C) inflammation
D) histamine
E) plasma cells

F) B) and D)
G) A) and B)

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During organ transplant, which feature is the most important to recognize?


A) the difference between the MHC proteins of the donor and the recipient
B) the difference between the blood types of the donor and the recipient
C) the similarities between the blood types of the donor and the recipient
D) the type of organ being transplanted
E) the age of the recipient of the transplanted organ

F) None of the above
G) C) and E)

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Adaptive immunity depends upon the activity of what type of cells?


A) natural killer cells and B cells
B) natural killer cells and T cells
C) neutrophils and B cells
D) neutrophils and T cells
E) B cells and T cells

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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Which of the following is an example of an acquired immunodeficiency?


A) AIDS
B) SCID
C) flu
D) None of the answer choices is an example of an acquired immunodeficiency.
E) All of the answer choices are examples of an acquired immunodeficiency.

F) C) and D)
G) B) and D)

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In order to decrease the effects of inflammation, you would take what type of medication?


A) antihistamine
B) vaccine
C) interferon
D) immunoglobulin
E) thromboplastin activator

F) B) and E)
G) A) and E)

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If we inject three different antigens into a human at the same time


A) one plasma cell will produce three different antibodies.
B) plasma cells will produce three times the amount of one antibody.
C) at least three different plasma cells will be involved in antibody production since each plasma cell only produces one specific antibody.
D) three different immunoglobulins will assist one plasma cell in responding to the antigen.
E) three complement plasma proteins will assist one plasma cell in responding to the antigen.

F) B) and E)
G) A) and E)

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What is the originator cell for monoclonal antibodies?


A) B cells
B) T cells
C) red blood cells
D) white blood cells
E) macrophages

F) B) and E)
G) None of the above

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What type of cells are usually activated in a lymph node or the spleen when they become bound to specific antigens?


A) phagocytes
B) neutrophils
C) mast cells
D) macrophages
E) B cells

F) B) and E)
G) A) and C)

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T cells


A) are responsible for cell-mediated immunity.
B) are stimulated by B cells.
C) produce antibodies.
D) mature in the bone marrow.
E) do not form memory cells.

F) All of the above
G) B) and D)

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What blood type is considered the universal donor?


A) O
B) A
C) B
D) AB
E) All blood types are considered universal donors.

F) C) and E)
G) A) and B)

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What are the two most common applications of cytokine therapies?


A) stimulation of blood cells and treatment of cancer
B) stimulation of blood cells and treatment of HIV
C) treatment of cancer and HIV
D) production of antibodies
E) providing immunization against various diseases

F) A) and B)
G) B) and C)

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Neutrophils change into macrophages that act as scavengers.

A) True
B) False

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Which of the following statements accurately describe B cells? Check all that apply.


A) B cells require presentation of antigens by macrophages before they are able to recognize the antigen.
B) B cells develop and mature in the thymus.
C) B cells carry receptor molecules on their cell surfaces.
D) B cells, when stimulated and changed into plasma cells, produce antibodies.
E) B cells, when stimulated, divide into memory cells.

F) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

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Which T cell boosts the immune response by activating other types of cells?


A) helper T cell
B) suppressor T cell
C) cytotoxic T cell
D) memory T cell
E) IgT cell

F) B) and D)
G) None of the above

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Babies generally appear to be immune to diseases for approximately the first six months of life. What could be responsible for this immunity?


A) active immunity due to the mother
B) passive immunity from the mother
C) babies not being exposed to diseases until around six months
D) babies born with excellent active immunity that wanes the older the child gets
E) active immunity due to being exposed to numerous antigens during the birthing process

F) A) and B)
G) B) and C)

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In order to prevent an allergic reaction, injections of the allergen are sometimes given.

A) True
B) False

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Which of the following is considered to be an adaptive defense mechanism against infection?


A) stomach acids
B) skin
C) mucus in respiratory tract
D) normal bacteria in intestine
E) antibodies in mother's milk

F) C) and E)
G) A) and E)

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Which antibody class is most responsible for the allergic reaction?


A) IgA
B) IgD
C) IgE
D) IgG
E) IgM

F) A) and D)
G) All of the above

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