Question 1

Which of the following factors could be important in determining a species' fundamental niche? Check all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A)  salinity
B)  presence of a commensalist
C)  soil type
D)  presence of a predator/parasite
E)  seasonal temperaturesF) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

Question 2

In India,golden jackals that have been expelled from their pack have been known to attach themselves to a particular tiger,trailing it at a safe distance in order to feed on the big cat's kills.What type of relationship exists between the jackal and the tiger?

Accepted Answer

A)  mutualism
B)  predation
C)  parasitism
D)  competition
E)  commensalismF) B) and C)
G) B) and E)

Question 3

Garlic mustard is an invasive plant species in North American temperate forests.Garlic mustard secretes an allelochemical that interferes with relationships between native tree roots and their mycorrhizal fungi.This would be an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  interference competition.
B)  exploitative competition.C) A) and B)
D) undefined

Question 4

In which habitat would you expect to encounter community assemblages that are most similar?

Accepted Answer

A)  Freshwater streams in North America and Europe.
B)  A savannah and a tropical rain forest.
C)  The pelagic and intertidal zones of the same ocean.
D)  A freshwater lake within a deciduous forest.E) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 5

Resource partitioning can often be seen in similar species that occupy the same geographic area.These species avoid competition by living in different portions of the habitat or by utilizing different food or other resources and are called ________ species.

Accepted Answer

A)  sympatric
B)  allopatric
C)  competitive
D)  fundamental
E)  exploitativeF) B) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 6

Which of the following statements about the intermediate disturbance hypothesis are true? Check all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A)  The intermediate disturbance hypothesis predicts that most communities eventually reach an end-state or climax community.
B)  Intermediate disturbance should lead to increases in species richness.
C)  Disturbances tend to lead to the dominance of K-selected species.
D)  An example of intermediate disturbance would be a tree fall in a mature rain forest.
E)  Intermediate disturbance should lead to all successional stages being present in the community at the same time.F) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 7

Communities with a high level of bacterial diversity are found in many habitats including soil and aquatic environments.Recent studies indicate this diversity is crucial to the functioning of these communities.The same studies have also found that phage abundance plays a critical role in the maintenance of the bacterial diversity within these communities.Are phages a density-dependent or a density-independent regulating factor?

Accepted Answer

A)  density-dependent
B)  density-independentC) A) and B)
D) undefined

Question 8

Two organisms trying to utilize the same resource is called

Accepted Answer

A)  synergy.
B)  parasitism.
C)  competition.
D)  interference.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 9

Two species of warblers colonize the same island habitat.Both species nest in similar locations and eat the same type of prey.Eventually,competition will probably cause one species to

Accepted Answer

A)  migrate.
B)  grow exponentially.
C)  speciate.
D)  be eliminated.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 10

Which statement is an accurate interpretation of the outcome in an ecosystem when a major predator is removed?

Accepted Answer

A)  The remaining community adjusts and quickly becomes stable.
B)  The diversity of the ecosystem actually increases.
C)  The diversity of the ecosystem decreases since there is an increase in competition.
D)  The diversity of the ecosystem decreases because parasites become more of a problem.
E)  The diversity of the ecosystem decreases because new herbivores move in.F) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

Question 11

Competition between species is called ________ competition.

Accepted Answer

A)  interspecific
B)  exploitative
C)  interference
D)  fundamental
E)  intraspecificF) C) and D)
G) All of the above

Question 12

Which of the following statements about predation are true? Check all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A)  Cycling of predator and prey populations is not commonly observed.
B)  Removal of a predator often leads to increased community stability.
C)  Animal predation on plants is called herbivory.
D)  Predation can induce coevolutionary changes in prey species.
E)  Batesian mimicry is not a coevolutionary adaptation to predation.F) A) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 13

The actual niche the organism is able to occupy in the presence of competitors is called its

Accepted Answer

A)  fundamental niche.
B)  realized niche.
C)  interference niche.
D)  intraspecific niche.
E)  exploitative niche.F) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

Question 14

When there are high levels of disturbance in a community,the number of K-selected species should increase along with the overall diversity of the community.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

During the mid 1930s,G.F.Gause studied competition among three species of Paramecium.Through his experiments he formulated a principle of

Accepted Answer

A)  niche overlap.
B)  exploitative competition.
C)  metapopulation fluctuation.
D)  competitive exclusion.
E)  interspecific competition.F) None of the above
G) A) and C)

Question 16

Which of the following statements accurately reflects the differences between Batesian mimicry and Müllerian mimicry?

Accepted Answer

A)  In Batesian mimicry the model must behave differently than the mimic; in Müllerian mimicry they behave the same.
B)  In Batesian mimicry the model must be more dangerous than the mimic; in Müllerian mimicry they are both dangerous.
C)  Batesian mimicry does not differ from Müllerian mimicry.Two different scientists discovered these two types at the same time,and they disagreed on what to call it.
D)  Batesian mimicry differs from Müllerian mimicry in that they occur on different continents-Batesian on the North American and Müllerian on the European.
E)  Batesian mimicry involves invertebrates; Müllerian mimicry involves vertebrates.F) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 17

Aposematic,or warning coloration,serves to protect an animal or plant by signaling to potential ________ to stay away.

Accepted Answer

A)  competitors
B)  predators
C)  mates
D)  rivalsE) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 18

Which of the following would be an expected long-term change during primary succession on glacial moraines? Check all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A)  increase in species richness
B)  decrease in soil depth
C)  increase in soil salinity
D)  increase in soil nitrogen
E)  alder replaced by spruceF) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 19

Cattle egrets follow African ungulates such as African buffalo around and catch insects that the buffalo flush out.Oxpeckers perch on the backs of buffalo and feed on ectoparasites that infest the buffalo.Which one of the following shows the ecological interaction that the buffalo has with each bird?

Accepted Answer

A)  cattle egret: mutualism; oxpecker: commensalism
B)  cattle egret: commensalism; oxpecker: mutualism
C)  cattle egret: competition; oxpecker: mutualism
D)  cattle egret: mutualism; oxpecker: mutualism
E)  cattle egret: commensalism; oxpecker: commensalismF) A) and B)
G) D) and E)

Exam 55: Community Ecology

Correct Answer
verified

Garlic mustard is an invasive plant species in North American temperate forests.Garlic mustard secretes an allelochemical that interferes with relationships between native tree roots and their mycorrhizal fungi.This would be an example of

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following factors could be important in determining a species' fundamental niche? Check all that apply.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following would be an expected long-term change during primary succession on glacial moraines? Check all that apply.

Correct Answer
verified

Competition between species is called ________ competition.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

During the mid 1930s,G.F.Gause studied competition among three species of Paramecium.Through his experiments he formulated a principle of

Correct Answer
verified

In which habitat would you expect to encounter community assemblages that are most similar?

Correct Answer
verified

In India,golden jackals that have been expelled from their pack have been known to attach themselves to a particular tiger,trailing it at a safe distance in order to feed on the big cat's kills.What type of relationship exists between the jackal and the tiger?

Correct Answer
verified

Resource partitioning can often be seen in similar species that occupy the same geographic area.These species avoid competition by living in different portions of the habitat or by utilizing different food or other resources and are called ________ species.

Correct Answer
verified

Two organisms trying to utilize the same resource is called

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following statements about the intermediate disturbance hypothesis are true? Check all that apply.

Correct Answer
verified

When there are high levels of disturbance in a community,the number of K-selected species should increase along with the overall diversity of the community.

Correct Answer
verified

Two species of warblers colonize the same island habitat.Both species nest in similar locations and eat the same type of prey.Eventually,competition will probably cause one species to

Correct Answer
verified

Which statement is an accurate interpretation of the outcome in an ecosystem when a major predator is removed?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following statements accurately reflects the differences between Batesian mimicry and Müllerian mimicry?

Correct Answer
verified

The actual niche the organism is able to occupy in the presence of competitors is called its

Correct Answer
verified

Aposematic,or warning coloration,serves to protect an animal or plant by signaling to potential ________ to stay away.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following statements about predation are true? Check all that apply.

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 55: Community Ecology

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Garlic mustard is an invasive plant species in North American temperate forests.Garlic mustard secretes an allelochemical that interferes with relationships between native tree roots and their mycorrhizal fungi.This would be an example of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following factors could be important in determining a species' fundamental niche? Check all that apply.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following would be an expected long-term change during primary succession on glacial moraines? Check all that apply.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Competition between species is called ________ competition.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

During the mid 1930s,G.F.Gause studied competition among three species of Paramecium.Through his experiments he formulated a principle of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In which habitat would you expect to encounter community assemblages that are most similar?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In India,golden jackals that have been expelled from their pack have been known to attach themselves to a particular tiger,trailing it at a safe distance in order to feed on the big cat's kills.What type of relationship exists between the jackal and the tiger?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Resource partitioning can often be seen in similar species that occupy the same geographic area.These species avoid competition by living in different portions of the habitat or by utilizing different food or other resources and are called ________ species.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Two organisms trying to utilize the same resource is called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements about the intermediate disturbance hypothesis are true? Check all that apply.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When there are high levels of disturbance in a community,the number of K-selected species should increase along with the overall diversity of the community.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Two species of warblers colonize the same island habitat.Both species nest in similar locations and eat the same type of prey.Eventually,competition will probably cause one species to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which statement is an accurate interpretation of the outcome in an ecosystem when a major predator is removed?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements accurately reflects the differences between Batesian mimicry and Müllerian mimicry?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The actual niche the organism is able to occupy in the presence of competitors is called its

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Aposematic,or warning coloration,serves to protect an animal or plant by signaling to potential ________ to stay away.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements about predation are true? Check all that apply.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified