Question 1

You are excited because your lab is studying the first microorganisms retrieved from Mars! Interestingly,their genetic material consists of a single-stranded nucleic acid with six different nitrogenous bases.Like organisms from Earth,segments of the nucleic acid contain the code for making proteins.If the genetic code in these organisms was read in groups of 2 bases instead of 3,what is the maximum number of amino acids that could be coded for assuming that only one codon functioned as a stop codon? (Enter your answer as a numeral not a word,e.g.enter 17 not seventeen.)

Accepted Answer

The answer of You are excited because your lab is...

Question 2

To remove noncoding sequences in the pre-mRNA of eukaryotes,multiple snRNPs combine with proteins to form a larger complex called the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  5' cap
B)  introsome
C)  ribosome
D)  spliceosome
E)  3' poly-A tailF) C) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 3

The mutation responsible for Huntington's disease is a

Accepted Answer

A)  missense mutation.
B)  nonsense mutation.
C)  frameshift mutation.
D)  triplet repeat expansion mutation.E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 4

The "one-gene/one-enzyme" hypothesis was proposed by

Accepted Answer

A)  Watson and Crick.
B)  Griffith.
C)  Garrod.
D)  Franklin.
E)  Beadle and Tatum.F) D) and E)
G) C) and E)

Question 5

During translation,amino acids are carried to the ribosome by

Accepted Answer

A)  mRNA.
B)  tRNA.
C)  snRNA.
D)  rRNA.
E)  miRNA.F) A) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 6

Analysis of a bacterial gene indicates that 24% of the nucleotides in the coding strand contain the base A,18% contain the base T,26% contain the base G,and 32% contain the base C.What percent of the nucleotides in the mRNA transcribed from this gene will contain the base U? (Enter your answer as a number only without the percent sign,e.g.enter 5 not 5%.)

Accepted Answer

The answer of Analysis of a bacterial gene indicates that...

Question 7

Gene expression involves two phases,________ and translation.

Accepted Answer

A)  replication
B)  transcription
C)  initiation
D)  condensationE) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 8

The sequence of nucleotides in a DNA molecule is called the ________ code.

Accepted Answer

A)  protein
B)  ribosomal
C)  translation
D)  genetic
E)  amino acidF) A) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 9

Which molecule combines with proteins to form both the large and small ribosomal subunits?

Accepted Answer

A)  DNA
B)  RNA polymerase
C)  miRNA
D)  rRNA
E)  tRNAF) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 10

Eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms differ in how they process genetic information.Which statements best explain one of these differences?

Accepted Answer

A)  In prokaryotes,translation of the mRNA begins before transcription is complete.In eukaryotes,transcription and modification of the mRNA is completed before translation begins.
B)  In prokaryotes,genes are transcribed directly into polypeptides.In eukaryotes,genes are transcribed into RNA which is used to assemble polypeptides.
C)  In prokaryotes,translation occurs before genes are transcribed into mRNA.In eukaryotes,genes are transcribed into mRNA which is then translated into polypeptides.
D)  In prokaryotes,introns are removed before genes are transcribed into mRNA.In eukaryotes,introns are removed after genes are transcribed into mRNA.E) A) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 11

You are studying an individual with very low levels of insulin in her blood.Further analysis indicates that cells of her pancreas are producing normal levels of this protein,but it is accumulating in the cytoplasm rather than being secreted from the cells.Which hypothesis makes the most sense to explain this observation?

Accepted Answer

A)  A small deletion has removed the nucleotides that code for the signal sequence at the amino terminus of the protein.
B)  A missense mutation has caused premature termination during translation of this protein.
C)  A chromosomal segment that includes the gene for insulin has been inverted.
D)  A two-base deletion near the middle of the gene has altered the reading frame during translation of the protein.
E)  A missense mutation has altered the ribosome-binding sequence at the 5' end of the mRNA.F) A) and E)
G) C) and E)

Question 12

During translation in prokaryotes,formation of the initiation complex requires all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A)  a small ribosomal subunit.
B)  mRNA.
C)  tRNA charged with N-formylmethionine.
D)  RNA polymerase.
E)  initiation factors.F) B) and D)
G) All of the above

Question 13

Codons that serve as "stop" signals for translation are recognized by

Accepted Answer

A)  tRNA.
B)  release factors.
C)  anticodons.
D)  translation terminators.
E)  aminoacyl-tRNA synthetasesF) A) and E)
G) D) and E)

Question 14

When a polypeptide is being assembled,the bond that forms between a newly added amino acid and the previous amino acid in the chain is a ________ bond.

Accepted Answer

A)  hydrogen
B)  hydrophobic
C)  terminal
D)  phosphodiester
E)  peptideF) B) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 15

In eukaryotes,translation takes place

Accepted Answer

A)  on the plasma membrane.
B)  inside the nucleus.
C)  on ribosomes.
D)  on the nuclear membrane.
E)  on spliceosomes.F) A) and D)
G) B) and D)

Question 16

During ________,RNA polymerase synthesizes a molecule of RNA using DNA as a template.

Accepted Answer

A)  mRNA splicing
B)  translation
C)  transcription
D)  gene sequencing
E)  terminationF) All of the above
G) A) and D)

Question 17

Which base in an anticodon will pair with the base adenine in a codon?

Accepted Answer

A)  thymine
B)  cytosine
C)  guanine
D)  uracilE) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 18

Ribosomes are complex aggregates of

Accepted Answer

A)  RNA and DNA.
B)  RNA and proteins.
C)  RNA and sugars.
D)  DNA and proteins.
E)  nucleosomes and RNA.F) D) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 19

In prokaryotes,the form of RNA polymerase that can accurately initiate synthesis of RNA is called

Accepted Answer

A)  the holoenzyme.
B)  the core polymerase.
C)  RNA polymerase II.
D)  RNA polymerase III.
E)  the sigma subunit.F) None of the above
G) All of the above

Exam 15: Genes and How They Work

In eukaryotes,translation takes place

Correct Answer
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Which molecule combines with proteins to form both the large and small ribosomal subunits?

Correct Answer
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Codons that serve as "stop" signals for translation are recognized by

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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To remove noncoding sequences in the pre-mRNA of eukaryotes,multiple snRNPs combine with proteins to form a larger complex called the ________.

Correct Answer
verified

The "one-gene/one-enzyme" hypothesis was proposed by

Correct Answer
verified

In prokaryotes,the form of RNA polymerase that can accurately initiate synthesis of RNA is called

Correct Answer
verified

The sequence of nucleotides in a DNA molecule is called the ________ code.

Correct Answer
verified

During translation,amino acids are carried to the ribosome by

Correct Answer
verified

Ribosomes are complex aggregates of

Correct Answer
verified

Eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms differ in how they process genetic information.Which statements best explain one of these differences?

Correct Answer
verified

Gene expression involves two phases,________ and translation.

Correct Answer
verified

The mutation responsible for Huntington's disease is a

Correct Answer
verified

When a polypeptide is being assembled,the bond that forms between a newly added amino acid and the previous amino acid in the chain is a ________ bond.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Which base in an anticodon will pair with the base adenine in a codon?

Correct Answer
verified

During translation in prokaryotes,formation of the initiation complex requires all of the following except

Correct Answer
verified

During ________,RNA polymerase synthesizes a molecule of RNA using DNA as a template.

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 15: Genes and How They Work

In eukaryotes,translation takes place

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which molecule combines with proteins to form both the large and small ribosomal subunits?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Codons that serve as "stop" signals for translation are recognized by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

To remove noncoding sequences in the pre-mRNA of eukaryotes,multiple snRNPs combine with proteins to form a larger complex called the ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The "one-gene/one-enzyme" hypothesis was proposed by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In prokaryotes,the form of RNA polymerase that can accurately initiate synthesis of RNA is called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The sequence of nucleotides in a DNA molecule is called the ________ code.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

During translation,amino acids are carried to the ribosome by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Ribosomes are complex aggregates of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms differ in how they process genetic information.Which statements best explain one of these differences?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Gene expression involves two phases,________ and translation.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The mutation responsible for Huntington's disease is a

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When a polypeptide is being assembled,the bond that forms between a newly added amino acid and the previous amino acid in the chain is a ________ bond.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which base in an anticodon will pair with the base adenine in a codon?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

During translation in prokaryotes,formation of the initiation complex requires all of the following except

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

During ________,RNA polymerase synthesizes a molecule of RNA using DNA as a template.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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