Question 1

The fusion of a male gamete with a female gamete is called

Accepted Answer

A)  syngamy.
B)  meiosis.
C)  mitosis.
D)  recombination.
E)  synapsis.F) B) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 2

Compared to asexual reproduction,the main advantage of sexual reproduction is that it

Accepted Answer

A)  requires less energy
B)  increases the genetic diversity of the offspring
C)  can produce more complex offspring
D)  can produce a greater number of offspringE) All of the above
F) B) and C) B

Question 3

At the end of meiosis II,each of the four resulting cells contains

Accepted Answer

A)  one full set of chromosomes,each with 2 molecules of DNA.
B)  two full sets of chromosomes,each with 2 molecules of DNA.
C)  one full set of chromosomes,each with 1 molecule of DNA.
D)  two full sets of chromosomes,each with 1 molecule of DNA.E) A) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 4

The pairing of chromosomes along their lengths,which is essential for crossing over,is referred to as

Accepted Answer

A)  syngamy.
B)  synapsis.
C)  prophase.
D)  recombination.
E)  centromere.F) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 5

Homologous chromosomes pair along their length during prophase I of meiosis.While two homologues are paired,genetic exchange may occur between them in a process called ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  syngamy
B)  synapsis
C)  independent assortment
D)  crossing overE) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 6

Crossing over between homologous chromosomes takes place during

Accepted Answer

A)  prophase II.
B)  prophase I.
C)  interphase II.
D)  interphase I.
E)  metaphase II.F) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 7

Sister chromatids move to opposite poles of the cell during (Check all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  anaphase I of meiosis
B)  metaphase I of meiosis
C)  anaphase II of meiosis
D)  anaphase of mitosisE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 8

Which of the following events occurs first during meiosis?

Accepted Answer

A)  homologous chromosomes separate and are pulled to opposite poles of the cell
B)  sister chromatids separate and are pulled to opposite poles of the cell
C)  chromosomes decondense
D)  synapsis of homologous chromosomes
E)  pairs of homologous chromosomes align along the equatorial plateF) B) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 9

Why does sexual reproduction require both meiosis and syngamy?

Accepted Answer

A)  The process of meiosis results in the production of gametes in which the number of chromosomes remains the same.During syngamy,two gametes fuse to form a new cell,and the number of chromosomes is restored to the full amount.Therefore,by coupling meiosis and syngamy,the organism ensures that the proper number of chromosomes will be maintained.
B)  The process of meiosis results in the production of gametes in which the number of chromosomes is reduced by half.During syngamy,two gametes fuse to form a new cell,and the number of chromosomes is restored to the full amount.Therefore,by coupling meiosis and syngamy,the organism ensures that the proper number of chromosomes will be maintained.
C)  The process of meiosis results in the production of gametes in which the number of chromosomes is doubled.During syngamy,gametes are reduced by half,and the number of chromosomes is restored to the full amount.Therefore,by coupling meiosis and syngamy,the organism ensures that the proper number of chromosomes will be maintained.D) A) and B)
E) A) and C)

Question 10

The pairing of homologous chromosomes is called

Accepted Answer

A)  syngamy.
B)  synapsis.
C)  alignment.
D)  independent assortment.
E)  crossing over.F) A) and E)
G) None of the above

Question 11

Which structure holds two homologous chromosomes together?

Accepted Answer

A)  centromere
B)  kinetochore
C)  polar microtubules
D)  spindle apparatus
E)  synaptonemal complexF) A) and D)
G) B) and E) E

Question 12

Evidence of crossing over can often be seen under the light microscope as a structure called a ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  kinetochore
B)  centromere
C)  chiasma
D)  centrioleE) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 13

Chromosomes exchange genetic information by

Accepted Answer

A)  fertilization.
B)  mitosis.
C)  syngamy.
D)  DNA replication.
E)  crossing over.F) D) and E)
G) B) and E)

Question 14

A cell in G2 before meiosis begins,compared with one of the four cells produced at the end of meiosis II,has

Accepted Answer

A)  twice as much DNA and twice as many chromosomes
B)  four times as much DNA and twice as many chromosomes
C)  twice as much DNA but the same number of chromosomes
D)  four times as much DNA and four times as many chromosomes
E)  twice as much DNA and half as many chromosomesF) A) and C)
G) B) and C)

Question 15

A life cycle that regularly alternates between haploid and diploid stages is found in all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  dogs
B)  the bacterium E.coli
C)  alfalfa plants
D)  the mold N.crassaE) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 16

The zygote has

Accepted Answer

A)  one copy of each chromosome.
B)  one full haploid complement of chromosomes.
C)  chromosomes identical to those of a sperm cell.
D)  chromosomes identical to those of an egg cell.
E)  two copies of each chromosome.F) A) and B)
G) C) and D) E

Question 17

Which best explains the process of meiosis?

Accepted Answer

A)  The cells that result from meiosis I are haploid,and each chromosome consists of 1 chromatid.
B)  The cells that result from meiosis I are haploid,and each chromosome consists of 2 chromatids.
C)  The cells that result from meiosis II are haploid,and each chromosome consists of 2 chromatids.
D)  The cells that result from meiosis I are diploid,and each chromosome consists of 2 chromatids.
E)  The cells that result from meiosis I are diploid,and each chromosome consists of 1 chromatid.F) B) and E)
G) None of the above

Question 18

During meiosis,sister chromatids are held together by

Accepted Answer

A)  a common centromere and kinetochore microtubules.
B)  a common centromere and chiasmata.
C)  a common centromere and polar microtubules.
D)  a common centromere and a protein called cohesion.
E)  the kinetochores and a protein called cohesion.F) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 19

________ is a process of nuclear division that reduces the number of chromosomes per cell from 2 sets to 1 set.

Accepted Answer

A)  Mitosis
B)  Meiosis
C)  Binary fission
D)  SyngamyE) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 20

A geneticist examines a somatic cell from a fly during metaphase of mitosis and determines that 16 chromatids are present.If a germ-line cell from this species divides by meiosis,then at the end of meiosis I (including the first cytokinesis) each cell will contain

Accepted Answer

A)  8 chromosomes with 8 DNA molecules.
B)  8 chromosomes with 16 DNA molecules.
C)  4 chromosomes with 4 DNA molecules.
D)  4 chromosomes with 8 DNA molecules.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Exam 11: Sexual Reproduction and Meiosis

The fusion of a male gamete with a female gamete is called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Compared to asexual reproduction,the main advantage of sexual reproduction is that it

Correct AnswerverifiedB

At the end of meiosis II,each of the four resulting cells contains

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The pairing of chromosomes along their lengths,which is essential for crossing over,is referred to as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Homologous chromosomes pair along their length during prophase I of meiosis.While two homologues are paired,genetic exchange may occur between them in a process called ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Crossing over between homologous chromosomes takes place during

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Sister chromatids move to opposite poles of the cell during (Check all that apply.)

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Which of the following events occurs first during meiosis?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why does sexual reproduction require both meiosis and syngamy?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The pairing of homologous chromosomes is called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which structure holds two homologous chromosomes together?

Correct AnswerverifiedE

Evidence of crossing over can often be seen under the light microscope as a structure called a ________.

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Chromosomes exchange genetic information by

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A cell in G2 before meiosis begins,compared with one of the four cells produced at the end of meiosis II,has

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A life cycle that regularly alternates between haploid and diploid stages is found in all of the following EXCEPT

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The zygote has

Correct AnswerverifiedE

Which best explains the process of meiosis?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

During meiosis,sister chromatids are held together by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

________ is a process of nuclear division that reduces the number of chromosomes per cell from 2 sets to 1 set.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A geneticist examines a somatic cell from a fly during metaphase of mitosis and determines that 16 chromatids are present.If a germ-line cell from this species divides by meiosis,then at the end of meiosis I (including the first cytokinesis) each cell will contain

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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B

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E

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A cell in G₂before meiosis begins,compared with one of the four cells produced at the end of meiosis II,has

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E

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