Question 1

Six-year-old Patricia loves to draw pictures and describe them. Her ideas are more balanced now than earlier. She has started to analyze and understand things. However, she is egocentric and holds, what her parents describe as, "magical beliefs." Patricia is in Piaget's ________ stage of development.

Accepted Answer

A)   sensorimotor
B)   concrete operational
C)   formal operational
D)   preoperationalE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 2

Describe four strategies suggested by Ellen Galinsky for using books effectively with preschool children.

Accepted Answer

Four strategies suggested by Ellen Galin...

Question 3

Which of the following is true of Head Start programs?

Accepted Answer

A)   They provide for low-income families.
B)   They focus on children of a particular ethnic origin.
C)   They have a negative effect on young children's language development.
D)   They are funded by private corporate sectors.E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

Question 4

Natalie is 4 years old. When she buttons her shirt, she talks to herself and describes the steps. This helps her in self-regulating and guiding her behavior. In the context of cognitive and physical development in early childhood, this scenario illustrates the concept of

Accepted Answer

A)   centration.
B)   belief perseverance.
C)   avolition.
D)   private speech.E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 5

Briefly state two criticisms leveled against Vygotsky's theory of cognitive development.

Accepted Answer

One criticism of Vygotsky's theory is th...

Question 6

Irene is a 3-year-old girl. Her father takes her to a nearby park in the evening. In the context of the development of gross motor skills in children her age, identify an activity that Irene is mostly likely to do at the park.

Accepted Answer

A)   She will hop and jump just for the sheer delight of performing these activities.
B)   She will scramble over low jungle gyms to display her athletic prowess.
C)   She will perform hair-raising stunts on all climbing objects.
D)   She will run hard and enjoy races with her father and other children.E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 7

According to Feeney, Moravcik, and Nolte (2019) , Follari (2019) , and Gestwicki (2017) , competent early childhood programs should focus

Accepted Answer

A)   on cognitive development and socioemotional development.
B)   exclusively on cognitive development.
C)   on preoperational skills.
D)   on academics alone.E) B) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 8

The zone of proximal development (ZPD)  is Vygotsky's term for

Accepted Answer

A)   a young adult's cognitive development achieved through interaction with children.
B)   the variety of work that a child can do with ease at a particular stage of cognitive development.
C)   how a child's environment and his or her genetically programmed learning ability interact during a critical period.
D)   the range of tasks that are too difficult for a child to master alone but can be learned with guidance and assistance from adults or more-skilled children.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 9

In moving from Piaget to Vygotsky, the conceptual shift is one from

Accepted Answer

A)   the individual to collaboration.
B)   collaboration to sociocultural activity.
C)   construction to discovery.
D)   socializing to operational thought.E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the relation between centration and conservation?

Accepted Answer

A)   Conservation requires centration.
B)   Centration is due to the lack of conservation.
C)   Centration is evidenced in young children's lack of conservation.
D)   Conservation is independent of centration.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 11

________ is based on knowledge of the typical progress of a child within an age span as well as the uniqueness of the child.

Accepted Answer

A)   The child-centered kindergarten
B)   Developmentally appropriate practice
C)   The Montessori approach
D)   The success-oriented approachE) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

Question 12

Toby is three years old. His parents are concerned because he always runs and jumps around. He cannot sit still. Even when watching his favorite cartoon on TV, he fidgets and wiggles. It is especially frustrating for his parents when Toby does not sit still through dinner. Which of the following should Toby's parents do?

Accepted Answer

A)   They should have him tested for attention deficit disorder.
B)   They should enroll him in a behavior modification program.
C)   They should provide structured and cognitively challenging activities for Toby to develop his attention span.
D)   They should avoid panicking as Toby's behavior is normal for kids in his age group.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 13

Which of the following did Vygotsky call the "buds" or "flowers" of development?

Accepted Answer

A)   tasks a child can accomplish independently
B)   intuitive thinking and rational thinking
C)   a child's cognitive skills that are in the process of maturing
D)   a child's gross motor skills that are fully developedE) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 14

Wendy, a 4-year-old girl, decides to gift her father a teddy bear on his birthday because she likes teddy bears. She asks her elder brother to help her wrap the gift. She does not consider the fact that her father may not like the gift or have no use for it. In the context of cognitive development in early childhood, this scenario illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)   animism.
B)   egocentrism.
C)   decentration.
D)   conservation.E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 15

Researchers have found that in children from 3 to 6 years of age the most rapid growth takes place in the ________ lobe areas of the brain.

Accepted Answer

A)   temporal
B)   parietal
C)   frontal
D)   occipitalE) C) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 16

In 1965, the federal government began an effort to break the cycle of poverty and substandard education for young children in the United States through

Accepted Answer

A)   the Maria Montessori Program.
B)   the Emancipation Undertaking.
C)   the Reggio Emilia Project.
D)   Project Head Start.E) B) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 17

Kristi works in a day-care center. She notices that Pablo, a 4-year-old boy, often indulges in private speech when doing any activity on his own. She has heard him talking to himself when solving puzzles. Kristi believes in Piaget's theory of cognitive development in children. After seeing Pablo's behavior, Kristi is likely to assume that Pablo's usage of private speech is

Accepted Answer

A)   egocentric.
B)   mature.
C)   an important tool of thought.
D)   a means of guiding one's behavior.E) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 18

According to Gauvain (2016)  and Holzman (2017) , Vygotsky's view of the importance of ________ on children's development fits with the current belief that it is important to evaluate the contextual factors in learning.

Accepted Answer

A)   autonomy
B)   sociocultural influences
C)   the economic status of teachers
D)   scaffoldingE) All of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 19

In the context of theories of cognitive development, unlike Vygotsky, Piaget believed that ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   children construct knowledge through social interaction
B)   education plays a central role in helping children learn the tools of culture
C)   language plays a powerful role in shaping thought
D)   cognition primarily directs languageE) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 20

"My computer does not like me. It keeps eating my pictures," says three-year-old Kimberly. This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)   animism.
B)   intuitive thinking.
C)   conservation.
D)   egocentrism.E) A) and D)
F) None of the above

Exam 5: Physical and Cognitive Development in Early Childhood

According to Feeney, Moravcik, and Nolte (2019) , Follari (2019) , and Gestwicki (2017) , competent early childhood programs should focus

Correct Answer
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Describe four strategies suggested by Ellen Galinsky for using books effectively with preschool children.

Correct Answer
verified
Four strategies suggested by Ellen Galin...
View Answer

According to Gauvain (2016) and Holzman (2017) , Vygotsky's view of the importance of ________ on children's development fits with the current belief that it is important to evaluate the contextual factors in learning.

Correct Answer
verified

In 1965, the federal government began an effort to break the cycle of poverty and substandard education for young children in the United States through

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is true of Head Start programs?

Correct Answer
verified

Natalie is 4 years old. When she buttons her shirt, she talks to herself and describes the steps. This helps her in self-regulating and guiding her behavior. In the context of cognitive and physical development in early childhood, this scenario illustrates the concept of

Correct Answer
verified

Irene is a 3-year-old girl. Her father takes her to a nearby park in the evening. In the context of the development of gross motor skills in children her age, identify an activity that Irene is mostly likely to do at the park.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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Briefly state two criticisms leveled against Vygotsky's theory of cognitive development.

Correct Answer
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One criticism of Vygotsky's theory is th...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

"My computer does not like me. It keeps eating my pictures," says three-year-old Kimberly. This is an example of

Correct Answer
verified

The zone of proximal development (ZPD) is Vygotsky's term for

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following did Vygotsky call the "buds" or "flowers" of development?

Correct Answer
verified

________ is based on knowledge of the typical progress of a child within an age span as well as the uniqueness of the child.

Correct Answer
verified

In moving from Piaget to Vygotsky, the conceptual shift is one from

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

In the context of theories of cognitive development, unlike Vygotsky, Piaget believed that ________.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following best describes the relation between centration and conservation?

Correct Answer
verified

Researchers have found that in children from 3 to 6 years of age the most rapid growth takes place in the ________ lobe areas of the brain.

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 5: Physical and Cognitive Development in Early Childhood

According to Feeney, Moravcik, and Nolte (2019) , Follari (2019) , and Gestwicki (2017) , competent early childhood programs should focus

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Describe four strategies suggested by Ellen Galinsky for using books effectively with preschool children.

Correct AnswerverifiedFour strategies suggested by Ellen Galin...View AnswerShow Answer

According to Gauvain (2016) and Holzman (2017) , Vygotsky's view of the importance of ________ on children's development fits with the current belief that it is important to evaluate the contextual factors in learning.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In 1965, the federal government began an effort to break the cycle of poverty and substandard education for young children in the United States through

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is true of Head Start programs?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Natalie is 4 years old. When she buttons her shirt, she talks to herself and describes the steps. This helps her in self-regulating and guiding her behavior. In the context of cognitive and physical development in early childhood, this scenario illustrates the concept of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Irene is a 3-year-old girl. Her father takes her to a nearby park in the evening. In the context of the development of gross motor skills in children her age, identify an activity that Irene is mostly likely to do at the park.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Briefly state two criticisms leveled against Vygotsky's theory of cognitive development.

Correct AnswerverifiedOne criticism of Vygotsky's theory is th...View AnswerShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

"My computer does not like me. It keeps eating my pictures," says three-year-old Kimberly. This is an example of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The zone of proximal development (ZPD) is Vygotsky's term for

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following did Vygotsky call the "buds" or "flowers" of development?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

________ is based on knowledge of the typical progress of a child within an age span as well as the uniqueness of the child.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In moving from Piaget to Vygotsky, the conceptual shift is one from

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the context of theories of cognitive development, unlike Vygotsky, Piaget believed that ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following best describes the relation between centration and conservation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Researchers have found that in children from 3 to 6 years of age the most rapid growth takes place in the ________ lobe areas of the brain.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Four strategies suggested by Ellen Galin...
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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One criticism of Vygotsky's theory is th...
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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