Question 1

Superantigens ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   include streptolysin O
B)   include erythrogenic toxin
C)   induce production of tumor necrosis factor
D)   can initiate a cascade of immune responses
E)   All of the choices are correct.F) A) and B)
G) All of the above

Question 2

Examination of the throat swab specimen reveals distinct gram-positive club-shaped bacilli. The laboratory technician immediately contacts the medical team and begins the process of submitting specimens for PCR testing to the CDC. The suspected pathogen is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   influenza A
B)   Pneumocystis (carinii)  jiroveci
C)   Corynebacterium diphtheriae
D)   Bacillus anthracisE) C) and D)
F) A) and D) C

Question 3

Influenza is predominantly transmitted by the fecal-oral route.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Secondary bacterial infections may occur with the common cold.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

People who have received the BCG immunization will generally have a negative tuberculin skin test.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

The main contributing factor to the evolution of MDR-TB is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   the slow growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis requires antibiotic therapy for months rather than days, which is hard to sustain in some populations; cutting the regimen short allows the resistant bacteria to flourish
B)   the organisms that develop multidrug resistance have a different cell wall composition to the drug-susceptible organisms
C)   certain species of Mycobacterium tuberculosis are able to undergo bacterial transformation at a faster rate than other species, resulting in the transfer of resistance genes
D)   the abundance of antibiotics available in the United States and other developed countries makes it a particular problem for resistant strains to emerge in those parts of the worldE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 7

Diphtherotoxin targets cells in the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   pharynx and lungs
B)   lungs and heart
C)   heart and brain
D)   heart and nerves
E)   lungs and nervesF) C) and E)
G) D) and E)

Question 8

Normal biota of the lower respiratory tract include ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   Corynebacterium
B)   Candida albicans
C)   Haemophilus influenzae
D)   Staphylococcus aureus
E)   None of the choices are correct.F) A) and B)
G) B) and D)

Question 9

The laboratory findings report that the child is infected with influenza B virus. Which of the following medications would the nurse expect to be ordered for this child?

Accepted Answer

A)   Penicillin
B)   No medication
C)   Acyclovir
D)   OseltamivirE) A) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 10

The RN educates the patient about diphtheria. In explaining the role of exotoxin in the pathogenesis of the disease, the nurse correctly states that the exotoxin ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   is the major virulence factor of the disease
B)   is isolated to the respiratory tract, causing upper and lower respiratory tract symptoms
C)   is released in the blood, causing systemic effects
D)   is the major virulence factor of the disease and is released in the blood, causing systemic effectsE) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 11

Respiratory syncytial virus is a major cause of global respiratory infection outbreaks in infants 6 months of age or younger.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

The nurse assesses the patient's medical history and notes that she has not received routine medical screening and treatment in the past 15 years. This patient could avoided this preventable disease by staying current with which vaccination?

Accepted Answer

A)   MMR
B)   Influenza
C)   Td
D)   HPVE) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 13

Untreated streptococcal pharyngitis can lead to all of the following except ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   scarlet fever
B)   pertussis
C)   rheumatic fever
D)   glomerulonephritis
E)   erythrogenic rashF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 14

Which of the following pertains to diphtheria?

Accepted Answer

A)   Results in meningitis
B)   Symptoms include vomiting and diarrhea
C)   Can be transmitted from mother's birth canal to neonate
D)   Prevented by the DTaP immunization
E)   All of the choices are correct.F) A) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 15

Symptoms of influenza include ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   nasal discharge, mild fever, and absence of cough
B)   fever, diarrhea, and vomiting
C)   fever, myalgia, sore throat, cough, and nasal discharge
D)   fever, sore throat, rash, and cough
E)   fever and pneumoniaF) None of the above
G) A) and C)

Question 16

Drug-resistant strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae are now treated with ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   penicillin V
B)   erythromycin
C)   tetracyline
D)   vancomycin
E)   cefuroximeF) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 17

Normal biota of the upper respiratory tract include ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   Streptococcus pyogenes
B)   Streptococcus pneumoniae
C)   Neisseria meningitidis
D)   alpha-hemolytic streptococci
E)   All of the choices are correct.F) C) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 18

The most common mode of transmission for sinusitis is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   exotoxin
B)   direct contact
C)   indirect contact
D)   endogenous
E)   droplet contactF) A) and E)
G) All of the above

Question 19

Pertussis has the following characteristics except ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   the disease progresses through several distinct stages
B)   the catarrhal stage has persistent, hacking coughs with "whoops"
C)   the early stage resembles a cold with nasal discharge and sneezing
D)   DTaP immunization will prevent it
E)   transmission is by droplet contactF) D) and E)
G) C) and D) B

Question 20

Which of the following is not true of Streptococcus pyogenes?

Accepted Answer

A)   Group A streptococcus
B)   Gram positive
C)   Forms spores
D)   Sensitive to bacitracin
E)   Beta hemolyticF) A) and D)
G) B) and D) C

Exam 19: Infectious Diseases Affecting the Respiratory Systems

Superantigens ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Examination of the throat swab specimen reveals distinct gram-positive club-shaped bacilli. The laboratory technician immediately contacts the medical team and begins the process of submitting specimens for PCR testing to the CDC. The suspected pathogen is ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedC

Influenza is predominantly transmitted by the fecal-oral route.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Secondary bacterial infections may occur with the common cold.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

People who have received the BCG immunization will generally have a negative tuberculin skin test.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The main contributing factor to the evolution of MDR-TB is ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Diphtherotoxin targets cells in the ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Normal biota of the lower respiratory tract include ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The laboratory findings report that the child is infected with influenza B virus. Which of the following medications would the nurse expect to be ordered for this child?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The RN educates the patient about diphtheria. In explaining the role of exotoxin in the pathogenesis of the disease, the nurse correctly states that the exotoxin ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Respiratory syncytial virus is a major cause of global respiratory infection outbreaks in infants 6 months of age or younger.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The nurse assesses the patient's medical history and notes that she has not received routine medical screening and treatment in the past 15 years. This patient could avoided this preventable disease by staying current with which vaccination?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Untreated streptococcal pharyngitis can lead to all of the following except ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following pertains to diphtheria?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Symptoms of influenza include ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Drug-resistant strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae are now treated with ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Normal biota of the upper respiratory tract include ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The most common mode of transmission for sinusitis is ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Pertussis has the following characteristics except ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedB

Which of the following is not true of Streptococcus pyogenes?

Correct AnswerverifiedC

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C

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B

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C