Question 1

Drug toxicity occurs when an antimicrobial drug acts as antigen and stimulates an allergic response.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Which of the following antibacterial drug groups does not target protein synthesis?

Accepted Answer

A)   Clindamycin
B)   Erythromycin
C)   Aminoglycosides
D)   Sulfonamides
E)   TetracyclineF) B) and E)
G) A) and E) D

Question 3

Which of the following statements does not accurately reflect the origins of antimicrobial drugs?

Accepted Answer

A)   All antimicrobial drugs are synthesized by medicinal chemists in a laboratory environment.
B)   Bacteria and fungi are natural producers of antimicrobial drugs; the molecules are synthesized to maintain competition for nutrients and space to a minimum.
C)   Scientists have learned how to modify antimicrobial molecules naturally produced by organisms to enhance their efficacy and range.
D)   Some antimicrobial agents are synthesized wholly in the laboratory.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D) A

Question 4

Sulfonamides ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   interfere with elongation of peptidoglycan
B)   block folic acid synthesis
C)   attach to the 30S ribosomal subunit and disrupt protein synthesis
D)   damage cell membranes
E)   block peptidases that cross-link glycan moleculesF) C) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 5

Microbial resistance resulting from mutation occurs because ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   bacterial genomes undergo mutation rapidly
B)   bacterial genomes undergo mutation often
C)   short generation times accumulate mutations in populations
D)   mutations are passed between organisms
E)   All of the choices are correct.F) A) and E)
G) B) and E) E

Question 6

Ciprofloxacin is used to treat viral respiratory infections.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

The greatest hurdle to overcome when treating biofilm infections is finding a drug that can penetrate the extracellular material.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Substances that are naturally produced by certain microorganisms that can inhibit or destroy other microorganisms are called ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   antibiotics
B)   narrow-spectrum drugs
C)   semisynthetic drugs
D)   synthetic drugs
E)   broad-spectrum drugsF) A) and E)
G) All of the above

Question 9

Which antimicrobial does not inhibit cell wall synthesis?

Accepted Answer

A)   Gentamicin
B)   Vancomycin
C)   Cephalosporins
D)   Penicillins
E)   BacitracinF) B) and D)
G) None of the above

Question 10

The use of which of the following drugs results in the highest risk of superinfection in a patient receiving antimicrobial chemotherapy?

Accepted Answer

A)   Broad-spectrum antibiotics
B)   Narrow-spectrum antibiotics
C)   Antifungals
D)   AntiviralsE) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 11

Aminoglycosides demonstrate selective toxicity since they target the bacterial 30s subunit, leaving the host 40s subunit largely unaffected.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Acyclovir is used to treat ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   influenza A virus
B)   HIV
C)   herpes simplex virus
D)   respiratory syncytial virus
E)   hepatitis C virusF) A) and B)
G) C) and E)

Question 13

Broad-spectrum drugs that disrupt the body's microbiota often cause ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   nephrotoxicity
B)   superinfections
C)   allergic reactions
D)   drug toxicity
E)   mutationF) A) and B)
G) None of the above

Question 14

Clavulanic acid ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   inhibits B-lactamase activity
B)   inhibits peptidoglycan synthesis
C)   inhibits formation of peptidoglycan cross linkages
D)   inhibits cell membrane synthesis
E)   None of the choices are correct.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 15

Antimicrobials that are effective against a wide variety of microbial types are termed ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   antibiotics
B)   narrow-spectrum drugs
C)   semisynthetic drugs
D)   synthetic drugs
E)   broad-spectrum drugsF) B) and C)
G) A) and D)

Question 16

Side effects that occur in patient's tissues while on antimicrobial drugs include all the following except ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   development of resistance to the drug
B)   hepatotoxicity
C)   nephrotoxicity
D)   diarrhea
E)   deafnessF) D) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 17

Treatment of a urinary tract infection with antimicrobials is most likely to lead to a superinfection caused by which microbe?

Accepted Answer

A)   Giardia lamblia
B)   Lactobacillus acidophilus
C)   Escherichia coli
D)   Candida albicansE) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 18

Penicillinases are enzymes produced by bacterial cells, usually after acquiring a new gene, that ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   hydrolyze the β-lactam ring of penicillins and cephalosporins, rendering them ineffective
B)   pump the penicillins out of the cell as soon as they enter
C)   prevent the drug from crossing the cell membrane
D)   block the target binding site of the drug, rendering it ineffectiveE) B) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 19

Which of the following is not true of polymyxins?

Accepted Answer

A)   Disrupt the cell membrane
B)   Have a narrow spectrum
C)   Toxic to kidneys
D)   Target peptidoglycan
E)   Can treat severe urinary tract infectionsF) A) and C)
G) A) and D)

Question 20

Drug susceptibility testing determines ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   the patient's response to various antimicrobials
B)   the pathogen's response to various antimicrobials
C)   if normal flora will be affected by antimicrobials
D)   if the drug is increasing to toxic levels in a patient
E)   None of the choices are correct.F) D) and E)
G) C) and D)

Exam 10: Antimicrobial Treatment

Drug toxicity occurs when an antimicrobial drug acts as antigen and stimulates an allergic response.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following antibacterial drug groups does not target protein synthesis?

Correct AnswerverifiedD

Which of the following statements does not accurately reflect the origins of antimicrobial drugs?

Correct AnswerverifiedA

Sulfonamides ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Microbial resistance resulting from mutation occurs because ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedE

Ciprofloxacin is used to treat viral respiratory infections.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The greatest hurdle to overcome when treating biofilm infections is finding a drug that can penetrate the extracellular material.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Substances that are naturally produced by certain microorganisms that can inhibit or destroy other microorganisms are called ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which antimicrobial does not inhibit cell wall synthesis?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The use of which of the following drugs results in the highest risk of superinfection in a patient receiving antimicrobial chemotherapy?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Aminoglycosides demonstrate selective toxicity since they target the bacterial 30s subunit, leaving the host 40s subunit largely unaffected.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Acyclovir is used to treat ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Broad-spectrum drugs that disrupt the body's microbiota often cause ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Clavulanic acid ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Antimicrobials that are effective against a wide variety of microbial types are termed ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Side effects that occur in patient's tissues while on antimicrobial drugs include all the following except ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Treatment of a urinary tract infection with antimicrobials is most likely to lead to a superinfection caused by which microbe?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Penicillinases are enzymes produced by bacterial cells, usually after acquiring a new gene, that ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is not true of polymyxins?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Drug susceptibility testing determines ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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