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Exam 26: Lipids

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Question 21

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Which of the following processes is used to harden an oil to give a fat?

A) oxidation
B) hydrogenation
C) hydrolysis
D) hydration

E) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

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Question 22

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The family of C₂₀ lipids that contain a five-membered ring with two long side chains are called ____________________.

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Question 23

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What is the R/S configuration of C-8 and C-12 of prostaglandin F_2α?

CH₃(CH₂)₁₂CO₂H would be expected to be found in higher concentration in butter versus olive oil.

What is the structure of oleic acid?

The general formula for a fat or oil is shown below.

Match the terms with the most appropriate descriptions. -A constituent of bile acid

Consider the following structures. Use these to answer the following questions by placing the appropriate Roman numerical in the blank. -Saponification followed by protonation of structure _____ produces two moles of the salt of stearic acid and one mole of the salt of oleic acid.

How many triglycerides (including stereoisomers) are there which contain one molecule of stearic acid, one of myristic acid and one of arachidic acid?

Match the terms with the most appropriate descriptions. -Development of facial hair in men

The number of carbon atoms in the unsaturated fatty acid from which prostaglandins are derived is _____.

Match the terms with the most appropriate descriptions. -Suppresses ovulation

Which of the following is a synthetic detergent?

Consider the following substance. $\mathrm { CH } _ { 3 } \left( \mathrm { CH } _ { 2 } \right) _ { 18 } \mathrm { CO } _ { 2 } \mathrm { H }$ The melting point of the above substance will be _________ than that of the substance listed below.

What functional group of the protein opsin reacts with retinal to form rhodopsin, a light-sensitive pigment?

Consider the following structures. Use these to answer the following questions by placing the appropriate Roman numerical in the blank. -Saponification followed by protonation of structure _____ produces three moles of the same saturated fatty acid.

Consider the following. $\text { I. } \mathrm{CH}_{3}\left(\mathrm{CH}_{2}\right)_{14} \mathrm{CO}_{2} \mathrm{H}$ $\text { II. } \mathrm{CH}_{3}\left(\mathrm{CH}_{2}\right)_{10} \mathrm{CO}_{2}^{-} \mathrm{Na}^{+}$ $\text { III. } \mathrm{CH}_{3}\left(\mathrm{CH}_{2}\right)_{10} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{OH}$ $\text { IV. } \mathrm{CH}_{3}\left(\mathrm{CH}_{2}\right)_{10} \mathrm{OSO}_{3}^{-} \mathrm{Na}^{+}$ $\text { V. } \mathrm{CH}_{3} \mathrm{CH}_{2} \mathrm{O}^{-} \mathrm{Na}^{+}$ Structure ____ would be classified as an synthetic detergent.

The increase in the fluidity of a phospholipid bilayer is because of the _____.

Explain the formation of "soap scum", formed in areas which have "hard" water. What chemical reaction takes place, and what physical process results?

Circle the hydrophilic part of sodium palmitate, a soap that is the sodium salt of a fatty acid, and put a rectangle around the hydrophobic part.