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A diet high in which of the following is linked to high rates of colon and prostate cancer?


A) fat and meat
B) omega-3 fats
C) carotenoids
D) nitrosamines

E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

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Early signs of cancer are typically apparent only to the person who has them.

A) True
B) False

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Nitrates in food can inhibit cancer cell development.

A) True
B) False

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Choose one of the most common cancers (e.g., colon, lung, skin, or cancers specific to females and males), and briefly describe it. Outline its risk factors, signs/symptoms, and treatment.

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One of the most common cancers is lung c...

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Pain is a reliable guide to early detection of cancer.

A) True
B) False

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False

What is a common test that is useful in early detection of colon cancers?


A) stool blood test
B) serum lipid panel
C) surgery
D) biopsy

E) All of the above
F) None of the above

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Ninety percent of breast lumps turn out to be malignant.

A) True
B) False

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Which of the following is linked to approximately 32% of cancer deaths?


A) heredity/family history
B) smoking
C) pollution
D) ultraviolet radiation

E) A) and B)
F) A) and D)

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The Pap test is used to help detect which type of cancer?


A) cervical
B) ovarian
C) breast
D) endometrial

E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

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Benign tumors are capable of invading surrounding structures and spreading to distant sites.

A) True
B) False

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The most significant risk factor for brain cancer is


A) ionizing radiation, as in X-rays of the head.
B) tobacco use, whether the smoking or spit variety.
C) solar radiation, such as UV and other harmful rays.
D) drug use, whether of the prescription or illegal variety.

E) A) and C)
F) C) and D)

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Which statement about treating cancer is true?


A) The ideal approach is not to kill or remove all cancerous cells because doing so would break down the patient's immunities.
B) Stem cell transplants are a common treatment for most types of cancer.
C) The ideal approach would be to kill or remove all cancerous cells, but this is not always possible.
D) Immunotherapy is a common treatment for most types of cancer.

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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C

What is the primary difference between a benign tumor and a malignant tumor?


A) Malignant tumors can spread to distant sites in the body.
B) Benign tumors do not have symptoms.
C) Malignant tumors are always associated with fatal cancer cases.
D) Benign tumors are made up of different types of cells than the surrounding tissue.

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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Mammograms and sigmoidoscopies are methods for


A) early detection of breast and prostate cancer, respectively.
B) removing cancerous cells from the breast and prostate, respectively.
C) early detection of breast and colon cancer, respectively.
D) removing cancerous cells from the breast and colon, respectively.

E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

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Personalized or precision therapies are selected on the basis of the ________ the cancer.


A) genetic profile of
B) type and extent of
C) antibodies associated with
D) risk factors associated with

E) None of the above
F) A) and C)

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Exposure to ultraviolet radiation is the primary cause of skin cancers.

A) True
B) False

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The majority of women with breast cancer have a family history of the disease.

A) True
B) False

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Which of these is linked with oral cancer when consumed in excess?


A) nitrates and sulfates
B) alcohol
C) chewing gum
D) phytochemicals

E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

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The majority of head and neck cancers result from


A) consumption of processed foods.
B) alcohol and tobacco use.
C) HPV infection.
D) drug use.

E) A) and C)
F) C) and D)

Correct Answer

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Which food is recommended for cancer risk reduction?


A) walnuts, pistachios, and almonds
B) yellow or orange fruits and vegetables
C) potatoes and yams
D) onions and celery

E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

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B

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