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All of these are examples of increased customer value from organizational synergy except which?


A) lower prices
B) increased brand awareness
C) more products
D) improved distribution
E) improved quality of existing products

F) B) and C)
G) C) and E)

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The effort and expense of segmentation should be undertaken by a business firm only when


A) it can comfortably maintain market share.
B) it expects this to result in increased sales and profits.
C) it can also assume social responsibility.
D) the firm's resources are very scarce.
E) it desires to provide the best quality products on the market.

F) A) and D)
G) B) and D)

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The place a product occupies in consumers' minds on important attributes relative to competitive products is referred to as


A) product repositioning.
B) relative positioning.
C) competitive positioning.
D) product positioning.
E) selective perception.

F) C) and D)
G) B) and E)

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Which of these fast-food restaurants has the highest customer lifetime value?


A) Wendy's
B) McDonald's
C) Burger King
D) McDonald's and Burger King are roughly tied for highest
E) Wendy's and Burger King are roughly tied for highest

F) B) and E)
G) A) and C)

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Usage rate is


A) the percentage of total possible users divided by the total number of consumers who actually use a product or service.
B) the number of times a customer uses or recommends a product or service annually.
C) the quantity consumed or patronage (store visits) during a specific period.
D) the maximum number of times a customer has used a product or service historically.
E) the profits a firm earns from customers who consume a particular product or service.

F) A) and C)
G) D) and E)

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Some Timex wristwatches can be purchased for less than $30 while Rolex wristwatches may carry a price tag of several thousand dollars. In general, consumers view Timex watches as being dependable, relatively accurate, and inexpensive timepieces that can be purchased in drugstores, discount stores, and department stores. The Rolex brand is perceived as an expensive status symbol distributed in fine jewelry stores or specialty shops. By using distinctly different pricing and distribution strategies, the marketers of Rolex watches


A) compete for the same segment through different channels of distribution.
B) develop similar products as Timex but under different names.
C) use a differentiation positioning strategy.
D) compete for the same customers through similar retail outlets.
E) create cognitive dissonance in consumers who purchased Timex wristwatches.

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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Marketers use perceptual maps as a means to display in two dimensions the location of products or brands


A) against large market segments in a market-product grid.
B) against small market segments in a market-product grid.
C) in virtual space that represents the business or product's time in existence and growth.
D) in the minds of consumers.
E) against the revenues generated by other products or brands within the company.

F) B) and E)
G) B) and D)

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At a Hallmark store you can find several lines of greeting cards, including Fresh Ink, Nature's Sketchbook, Shoebox, Maxine, Mahogany, and Tree of Life cards-all made by Hallmark for sale in its stores and intended to appeal to different target markets. The Mahogany line is designed to appeal to African Americans. This is an example of ________ segmentation.


A) regional
B) lifestyle
C) demographic
D) geographic
E) psychographic

F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

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Which of the following statements regarding when and how to segment markets is most accurate?


A) Even if a firm finds uniform needs across all users, it should take advantage of the method to avoid falling behind its competitors.
B) Market segmentation is only feasible for large corporations; small businesses don't have the resources to engage in the process.
C) Governments should not attempt market segmentation because the strategy is only applicable for consumer and organizational markets.
D) If a business firm goes to the trouble and expense of segmenting its markets, it expects to increase its sales, profits, and return on investment.
E) Market segmentation strategies work less than 10 percent of the time.

F) None of the above
G) A) and B)

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The final step in segmenting and targeting markets that links customer needs to marketing actions is to


A) take marketing actions to reach target markets.
B) group potential buyers into segments.
C) select target markets.
D) group products to be sold into categories.
E) develop a market-product grid and estimate size of the overall market.

F) A) and D)
G) None of the above

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Market segmentation is


A) the philosophy that to do a truly excellent job of marketing, a company should concentrate on only one customer segment at a time.
B) sorting prospective buyers into groups that are willing to pay more than the cost of production for a good or service.
C) disaggregating prospective buyers from groups into segments of one (individuals) and then creating specific products that will satisfy this person's unique needs.
D) aggregating prospective buyers into groups that have common needs and will respond similarly to a marketing action.
E) the belief that it is possible to satisfy every customer's needs if you can identify the correct segment within which they belong.

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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Product differentiation is


A) a good, service, or idea consisting of a bundle of tangible and intangible attributes that satisfies consumers' needs.
B) the unique combination of product benefits received by targeted buyers.
C) those characteristics of a product that make it superior to competitive substitutes.
D) a marketing strategy that involves a firm using different marketing mix actions to help consumers perceive the product as being different and better than competing products.
E) the legal requirement that requires a specified degree of distinction between products to ensure an organization's intellectual property rights.

F) None of the above
G) A) and E)

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Airlines have developed frequent-flyer programs to encourage passengers to use the same airline repeatedly. This marketing strategy is based on ________ segmentation.


A) geographic
B) behavioral
C) psychographic
D) demographic
E) rate-based

F) A) and E)
G) B) and E)

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According to an analysis of an Apple market-product grid for its personal computer line, Apple would get the least product synergies from the


A) most expensive products, Mac Pro and MacBook Pro.
B) most versatile products, Mac Pro and iMac.
C) products with the most complimentary market segments, iMac and MacBook Air.
D) products with the fewest complimentary market segments, Mac Pro and Mac Mini.
E) least frequently updated products, MacBook Air and Mac Mini.

F) A) and D)
G) B) and D)

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In the athletic shoe market, Adidas AG and Nike Inc. practice ________ positioning since both companies vie for the same customers with technologically advanced products.


A) psychological
B) perceptual
C) differentiation
D) head-to-head
E) market

F) A) and B)
G) C) and E)

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By dividing its tennis racquet market into three categories, which it labels Performance, Recreational, and Junior tennis players, Prince Sports is using a marketing strategy called


A) product differentiation.
B) product innovation.
C) market delineation.
D) market segmentation.
E) product groupings.

F) D) and E)
G) A) and B)

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Marketing synergies often come at the expense of product synergies because


A) product synergies are more effective for penetrating a market rather than creating one.
B) multiple market segments usually require multiple products.
C) it is easier to change a product than to completely develop a new marketing plan.
D) a single customer segment will likely require a variety of products, each of which must be designed and manufactured.
E) no company can afford to do both at the same time.

F) A) and C)
G) C) and E)

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Which of the following statements about market segmentation for organizational markets is most accurate?


A) Criteria for segmenting markets are the same whether the market is composed of consumers or organizations.
B) Both consumer markets and organizational markets use demographic, geographic, and behavioral bases to segment markets.
C) Psychographic criteria are just as important in segmenting organizational markets as they are in segmenting consumer markets.
D) Consumer markets use market segmentation criteria while organizational markets do not.
E) The greatest difference in market segmentation strategies between consumer and organizational markets is the number of employees employed in the segmentation process.

F) C) and D)
G) A) and E)

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College dorm residents frequently want to keep and prepare their own food and snacks to save money or have a late-night snack. However, their dorm rooms are often woefully short of space. MicroFridge understands this and markets a combination microwave, refrigerator, freezer, smoke sensor, and charging station appliance targeted to these students. MicroFridge is most likely using which basis of segmentation?


A) sociocultural segmentation
B) psychographic segmentation
C) geographic segmentation
D) behavioral segmentation
E) socioeconomic segmentation

F) B) and D)
G) C) and E)

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A market-product grid is a


A) visual representation of all products offered within a specific product class.
B) framework used to compare the relative market share of one firm's product offerings to those of its competitors.
C) technique that seeks opportunities by finding the optimum balance between marketing efficiencies versus R&D-manufacturing efficiencies.
D) framework used to relate the market segments of potential buyers to products offered or potential marketing actions by an organization.
E) technique that helps a firm search for growth opportunities from among current and new markets as well as current and new products.

F) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

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