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One advantage of direct investment when entering a new global market is that


A) intermediaries have the potential to harm the brand.
B) the firm entering the foreign market does not have to pay royalties to the government.
C) the company forgoes control over its product.
D) the firm gains and uses a better understanding of local market conditions.
E) this method is likely to provide the fewest subsidies from the host country's government.

F) B) and E)
G) A) and E)

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Alcohol-free Listerine Zero is popular in Muslim countries where alcohol is forbidden. This is an example of which type of global marketing product and promotion strategy?


A) product adaptation
B) product integration
C) product invention
D) product customization
E) product extension

F) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

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  Figure 7-5 -Global companies have five strategies for matching products and their promotion efforts to global markets. According to Figure 7-5 above, Box A refers to which type of strategy? A)  product extension strategy B)  communication adaptation strategy C)  product adaptation strategy D)  dual adaptation strategy E)  product invention strategy Figure 7-5 -Global companies have five strategies for matching products and their promotion efforts to global markets. According to Figure 7-5 above, Box A refers to which type of strategy?


A) product extension strategy
B) communication adaptation strategy
C) product adaptation strategy
D) dual adaptation strategy
E) product invention strategy

F) B) and E)
G) D) and E)

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Which of the following statements concerning currency exchange rates is most accurate?


A) Short-term exchange rate fluctuations can have a significant effect on the profits of global companies.
B) Fluctuations in exchange rates among the world's currencies occur, but multinational companies are insulated from the affects because of direct investment.
C) Exchange rate fluctuations are relatively rare, and when they occur, their effects are minimal.
D) Exchange rate fluctuations are now almost nonexistent due in great part to the stability of the euro.
E) Exchange rate fluctuations may affect the financial sector but rarely reach the consumer.

F) B) and D)
G) A) and C)

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Global consumers are


A) all potential consumers for any and all products or services regardless of cultural, ethnic, or national origins.
B) customers within a nation who consider the entire world a single marketplace.
C) consumer groups living in many countries or regions of the world who have similar needs or seek similar features and benefits from products or services.
D) consumer groups living in many countries or regions of the world that seek customized features and benefits from products or services that reflect their individual cultures.
E) multinational organizations whose products incorporate raw materials, assembly, and distribution contributions from multiple nations before they are marketed.

F) A) and C)
G) A) and D)

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Economic espionage is the clandestine collection of trade secrets or


A) government economic information.
B) military intelligence.
C) government security information.
D) banking information.
E) proprietary information about competitors.

F) D) and E)
G) A) and B)

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Lever Europe, a division of Unilever, markets Snuggle fabric softener. But in 10 European countries, it uses seven brand names, including Kuschelweich in German, Coccolino in Italy, and Mimosin in France. These products also have different packages, different advertising programs, and occasionally different formulas. From this information, we can assume that Lever Europe uses ________ marketing strategy.


A) an ethnocentric
B) a transnational
C) a global
D) an international
E) a multidomestic

F) A) and B)
G) All of the above

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Which of the following countries is the world's leading exporter?


A) the United States
B) China
C) India
D) Germany
E) Japan

F) B) and E)
G) C) and D)

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Golden Beauty is a brand of sun-care products. Its advertising features dark tanning for northern Europeans, skin protection to avoid wrinkles among Latin Europeans, and beautiful skin for Europeans living along the Mediterranean Sea, even though the products are the same. This is an example of which type of global marketing product and promotion strategy?


A) product extension
B) message adaptation
C) product adaptation
D) dual adaptation
E) dual integration

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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What are the product and promotion strategies available to a company seeking to enter the global marketplace? How do they relate to each other in terms of the same or adapted product and promotion?

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There are five global marketing product ...

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As a firm changes its global market entry strategy from exporting to direct investment, all of the following increase except which?


A) marketing control
B) risk
C) divestiture
D) profit potential
E) financial commitment

F) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

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Why is it wise for global marketers to use back translation? Provide an example to support your answer.

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Back translation refers to a translated ...

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The European Union (EU) consists of 27 countries with about 510 million consumers. The EU has eliminated most barriers to the free flow of products, capital, and labor across its borders. Which of the following countries is not a member of the EU?


A) Poland
B) Greece
C) Ireland
D) Switzerland
E) Finland

F) C) and E)
G) A) and E)

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Another term for a gray market is


A) equivalent exporting.
B) back-channel market.
C) mature marketing.
D) parallel importing.
E) transparent market.

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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The trade feedback effect is one argument for


A) decreasing a nation's exports.
B) free trade agreements.
C) increased tariffs and quotas.
D) international trade associations.
E) decreasing a nation's imports.

F) D) and E)
G) B) and E)

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Around the world, middle-class, youth, and elite markets that consume similar assortments of products and services, regardless of geographic location, are referred to as


A) transnational consumers.
B) borderless consumers.
C) international consumers.
D) multinational consumers.
E) global consumers.

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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U.S. citizens pay $3 billion more annually for shoes and Japanese citizens pay $6 billion more for rice than the actual cost of the products because


A) both countries have suffered major financial crises due a severe trade imbalance.
B) both countries have imposed tariffs on imported goods to protect their domestic markets.
C) both countries have imposed limits on the quantity of these goods that can leave their respective domestic markets.
D) both products are considered essentials and as a result are more heavily taxed.
E) these products were purchased at a lower price from nations that currently are under governmental sanctions.

F) A) and E)
G) A) and B)

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Recipco and Tradaq are both companies that connect international companies who want to barter the products they make for the products they need without using cash or credit. Recipco and Tradaq assist international companies in making


A) countertrades.
B) quota exchanges.
C) trading exchanges.
D) balances of trade.
E) WTO trade arrangements.

F) None of the above
G) A) and E)

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A global brand is a brand marketed under the same name in multiple countries with similar and centrally coordinated marketing programs. However, adaptations of global brands are made only


A) if required by government regulations in the host market.
B) in its initial introduction into a market and only until the brand is have achieved a baseline awareness.
C) when there are domestic competitors causing brand confusion.
D) when necessary to better connect the brand to consumers in different markets.
E) when there is a serious drop in market share.

F) None of the above
G) A) and C)

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U.S.-based Fran Wilson Creative Cosmetics attributes its success in Japan to a top-quality product, effective advertising, and a novel ________ strategy, in which it uses Japanese distributors to reach beauty salons rather than department stores.


A) joint venture
B) licensing
C) franchising
D) indirect export
E) direct investment

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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