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If a consumer tries a new coffee drink at Starbucks and hates it, which variable of behavioral learning has been ineffective?


A) reinforcement
B) achievement
C) drive
D) cue
E) response

F) All of the above
G) C) and D)

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A

About what percentage of adults is considered to be opinion leaders?


A) 1 percent
B) 5 percent
C) 10 percent
D) 25 percent
E) It depends upon the type of product.

F) D) and E)
G) B) and E)

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C

Food in the Maslow hierarchy of needs is an example of a ________ need.


A) self-actualization
B) personal
C) social
D) safety
E) physiological

F) D) and E)
G) A) and B)

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Hadley wants to purchase a fitness tracker. She is unsure about what type will best suit her needs and work best with other products she owns. She has begun asking for advice from her friends and relatives. In addition, she has talked a couple of trainers at her gym and has looked at some online reviews. Hadley is engaging in


A) problem recognition.
B) an internal search.
C) an external search.
D) a purchase task.
E) the creation of an antecedent state.

F) D) and E)
G) None of the above

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The alternative evaluation stage clarifies the problem for the consumer in part by


A) creating expectations for particular products.
B) proposing the type of purchase outlet.
C) suggesting criteria to use for the purchase.
D) minimizing cognitive dissonance.
E) establishing a purchase timeline.

F) C) and E)
G) A) and E)

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Because the average consumer operates in a complex environment, the human brain attempts to organize and interpret information with a process referred to as


A) selective retention.
B) selective identification.
C) selective exposure.
D) selective perception.
E) stimulus discrimination.

F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

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________, family, and culture are examples of sociocultural influences on consumer behavior.


A) Lifestyle
B) Personality
C) Learning
D) Decision making
E) Social class

F) All of the above
G) B) and E)

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Which of the following statements about attitudes is false?


A) Marketers are primarily concerned with American core values when developing advertising messages.
B) Attitudes are learned.
C) Attitudes are shaped by one's values and beliefs.
D) An attitude results in responses that are consistently favorable or unfavorable.
E) Personal values affect attitudes by influencing the importance assigned to specific product attributes.

F) A) and E)
G) B) and D)

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How do selective perception, selective exposure, selective comprehension, and selective retention differ?

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Perception is the process by which an in...

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A reference group that a person wishes to maintain distance from because of differences in values or behaviors is referred to as ________ group.


A) a socialization
B) an associative
C) an aspiration
D) a dissociative
E) an antisocial

F) A) and B)
G) All of the above

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While posting photos on Instagram, your stomach growls. You see an ad for Panera. You walk to Panera and buy a sandwich, which tastes great. In terms of behavioral learning, walking to the restaurant and buying a sandwich is a


A) drive.
B) response.
C) reinforcement.
D) cue.
E) prompt.

F) D) and E)
G) B) and E)

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A tent would satisfy needs at what level of the Maslow hierarchy?


A) physiological
B) self-actualization
C) personal
D) safety
E) social

F) A) and D)
G) B) and E)

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Many University of Florida students, fans, and others view themselves as part of "Gator Nation," the name of the ________ given to supporters of the University of Florida's educational and athletic programs.


A) VALS type
B) aspiration group
C) social class
D) brand community
E) market segment

F) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

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Between classes, many college students stop at conveniently located vending machines for their favorite snacks and drinks. Their choices are generally made quickly and with little or no effort to consider alternative product offerings. These college students are most likely involved in ________ problem solving purchase situations.


A) limited
B) routine
C) extensive
D) intensive
E) unlimited

F) D) and E)
G) B) and C)

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In behavioral learning, ________ is a stimulus or symbol perceived by consumers.


A) a drive
B) a cue
C) an attitude
D) a response
E) a reinforcement

F) A) and C)
G) B) and C)

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When Kia Motors offered a 10-year, 100,000-mile warranty for its Kia Soul automobile, its strategy was to reduce consumers' ________ and encourage purchases.


A) behavioral learning
B) cognitive learning
C) brand loyalty
D) perceived risk
E) rational dissonance

F) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

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D

How might Ford Motor Co. apply the three methods of attitude change in its marketing activities?

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There are three ways to change attitudes...

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When Jake said, "My bike needs a tune-up before the ride on Saturday," he was in which stage of the consumer purchase decision process?


A) purchase decision
B) alternative evaluation
C) information search
D) problem recognition
E) prepurchase behavior

F) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

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In the Maslow hierarchy of needs, those needs involving personal fulfillment are called


A) physiological.
B) safety.
C) social.
D) personal.
E) self-actualization.

F) C) and D)
G) A) and E)

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In the VALS framework, each consumer segment exhibits unique media preferences. Which segment would be the most likely to read national newspapers?


A) Experiencers
B) Innovators
C) Believers
D) Strivers
E) Makers

F) B) and C)
G) D) and E)

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