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During a recent year, Solectron, a California electronics contractor, made half of its purchases under vendor-managed inventory programs. Solectron


A) had its suppliers perform all materials handing activities.
B) authorized its suppliers to eliminate as many wholesaling functions as possible from the supply chain.
C) used a system in which its suppliers determined the product amount and assortment that should be replenished.
D) authorized the use of distribution centers to provide quicker customer response times.
E) balanced its total logistics cost by eliminating the convenience service factor.

F) B) and E)
G) B) and D)

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Any intermediary between a manufacturer and end-user markets can be called a


A) retailer.
B) middleman.
C) wholesaler.
D) broker.
E) distributor.

F) B) and E)
G) C) and D)

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When only one retailer in a geographical area carries a firm's products, the density of distribution is referred to as


A) intensive distribution.
B) extensive distribution.
C) selective distribution.
D) concentrated distribution.
E) exclusive distribution.

F) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

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Corporate vertical marketing systems are


A) small, independent retailers that form an organization that operates a wholesale facility cooperatively.
B) professionally managed geographically dispersed marketing channels that are controlled through strategic channel alliances.
C) the combination of successive stages of production and distribution under a single ownership.
D) professionally managed and centrally coordinated marketing channels designed to achieve channel economies and maximum marketing impact.
E) a contractual arrangement between a parent company and an individual or firm that allows the individual or firm to operate a certain type of business under an established name and according to specific rules.

F) A) and B)
G) B) and C)

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Which of these is an example of communication between buyer and supplier?


A) disintermediation
B) selective distribution
C) reverse logistics
D) forward integration
E) order status reports

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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Pharmaceutical companies sell some of their products to hospitals and clinics directly. They also market other products to large retail chains such as Walgreens that distribute them to their stores across the nation. In addition, they sell products to drug wholesalers that sell to the remaining independent drugstores in the United States. What method of distribution best describes the method used by pharmaceutical companies in this example?


A) dual distribution
B) vertical distribution
C) horizontal distribution
D) direct distribution
E) exclusive distribution

F) A) and B)
G) B) and D)

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Members of a high-school glee club sold home-baked cupcakes at school to raise money. The students selling their cupcakes to classmates would be an example of


A) a personalized distribution.
B) a nonpermanent distribution.
C) an informal channel of distribution.
D) a direct channel of distribution.
E) an indirect channel of distribution.

F) A) and E)
G) A) and C)

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Dependability is the consistency of replenishment. This is important to all firms in a supply chain and to consumers. It can be broken into three elements: consistent lead time, safe delivery, and


A) honest and accurate pricing.
B) quality products.
C) complete delivery.
D) a well-informed delivery staff.
E) product warranties.

F) B) and D)
G) A) and E)

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The ________ has been used to prosecute resale restrictions, which are a supplier's attempt to stipulate to whom distributors may resell the supplier's products and in what specific geographical areas or territories they may be sold.


A) Sherman Act
B) Robinson-Patman Act
C) Federal Trade Commission Act
D) Clayton Act
E) Consumer Goods Pricing Act

F) B) and D)
G) B) and C)

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A direct channel exists when


A) producers and end users deal with each other on a one-on-one basis.
B) the producer and consumer perform numerous channel functions.
C) a firm reaches different buyers by employing two or more different types of channels for the same basic product.
D) an intermediary sells to other intermediaries, usually to retailers in consumer markets.
E) an agent or broker brings ultimate consumers to manufacturers.

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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An arrangement whereby a firm reaches different buyers by employing two or more different types of channels for the same basic product is referred to as


A) a strategic channel alliance.
B) multiple level selling.
C) parallel distribution.
D) dual distribution.
E) recursive distribution.

F) B) and E)
G) A) and E)

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What specific decision areas are associated with the flow of goods and together make up total logistics cost?

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Total logistics cost includes expenses a...

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Tylenol and Advil are two brands of over-the-counter products for ailments such as colds, headaches, sore throats, arthritis aches, fever, and general pain. Both of their manufacturers seek distribution of their products through pharmacies such as Walgreens and CVS. These companies seek channels and intermediaries that will satisfy a buyer's desire for


A) variety.
B) information.
C) pre- or postsale service.
D) convenience.
E) adaptability.

F) C) and D)
G) B) and E)

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Another name for quick response systems is


A) order replenishment systems.
B) customer logistics factors.
C) minimum-inventory systems.
D) web-based response systems.
E) efficient consumer response systems.

F) B) and D)
G) C) and E)

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Which of these statements best describes how a supply chain differs from a marketing channel?


A) Communication is more important in the marketing channel than in the supply chain.
B) The marketing channel places more emphasis on cost-effectiveness than the supply chain.
C) A marketing channel includes suppliers that provide raw material inputs to a manufacturer.
D) A supply network moves materials from producer to consumer while a marketing channel moves materials from the supplier to the producer.
E) A supply chain includes suppliers; marketing channels do not.

F) C) and E)
G) None of the above

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Corporate vertical marketing systems


A) can use either forward integration or backward integration but not both.
B) increase distribution costs.
C) increase investment but decrease fixed costs.
D) are only effective with low-end consumer products.
E) offer more control over supply sources or resale of products.

F) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

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________ is common in the soft drink industry where the manufacturer sells its concentrate to wholesalers, that carbonate it and market the finished product to retailers.


A) A service-sponsored franchise system
B) A service-sponsored retail franchise system
C) A manufacturer-sponsored wholesale franchise system
D) A manufacturer-sponsored retail franchise system
E) An administered vertical marketing system

F) B) and E)
G) B) and C)

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IBM built a single ________ that would handle raw material procurement, manufacturing, logistics, customer support, order entry, and customer fulfillment across all of IBM.


A) integrated supply chain
B) extranet computer system
C) customer service department
D) intranet supply network system
E) global procurement network

F) B) and C)
G) D) and E)

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When a firm tries to place its products in a few retail outlets in a specific geographical area, it is referred to as which level of distribution density?


A) intensive distribution
B) extensive distribution
C) selective distribution
D) exclusive distribution
E) concentrated distribution

F) All of the above
G) D) and E)

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Cross-docking refers to


A) the practice of organizing the cost-effective flow of raw materials, in-process inventory, finished goods, and related information from point of origin to point of consumption to satisfy customer requirements.
B) the practice of storing finished goods in the same trucks from which they will be dispensed and sold to consumers.
C) using large cargo containers that will be loaded onto trucks and then barges or ships that sail from port to port and then unloaded back onto trucks for final transport and delivery.
D) a practice that involves unloading products from suppliers, sorting products for individual stores, and quickly reloading products onto trucks for a particular store.
E) the practice of transporting retail goods from a centralized warehouse to the loading docks of regionally located satellite warehouses.

F) A) and B)
G) B) and C)

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