Question 1

The hypothalamic hormone that triggers the release of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)  is

Accepted Answer

A)   cortisol.
B)   corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) .
C)   vasopressin.
D)   adrenal follicle-stimulating hormone.
E)   cortical stimulating factor (CSF) .F) B) and D)
G) None of the above

Question 2

As someone starts to develop in puberty, most cells in their reproductive organs are probably starting to express

Accepted Answer

A)   more receptors for sex hormones.
B)   fewer receptors for sex hormones.C) A) and B)
D) undefined

Question 3

Which is not correct regarding the pancreas?

Accepted Answer

A)   It is located posterior to the stomach, between the small intestine and the spleen.
B)   It is a heterocrine, or mixed, gland.
C)   It is elongated in shape, spongy, and nodular.
D)   The majority of cells in the pancreas are pancreatic acini.
E)   It does not begin to secrete its hormones until puberty.F) A) and B)
G) B) and D)

Question 4

Lipophilic hormones bind to ________ receptors of target cells.

Accepted Answer

A)   intracellular
B)   membrane-boundC) A) and B)
D) undefined

Question 5

Endocrine glands

Accepted Answer

A)   are ductless glands.
B)   are the organs of the endocrine system.
C)   secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream.
D)   help maintain homeostasis.
E)   All of the choices are correct.F) C) and D)
G) All of the above

Question 6

Intracellular signaling pathways within target cells are organized such that

Accepted Answer

A)   each step allows for amplification of the signal where one molecule can activate many.
B)   each step involves one molecule activating or synthesizing exactly one other molecule for precise control.
C)   enzymes are used up and degraded after each individual reaction they catalyze.D) A) and C)
E) All of the above

Question 7

The primary function of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)  is to

Accepted Answer

A)   regulate salt and water balance by acting on the renal system.
B)   stimulate glucocorticoid release from the adrenal glands.
C)   stimulate adrenaline release from the adrenal medulla.
D)   stimulate cell growth and cell division in muscle and bone.
E)   stimulate the development of the folds on the surface of the brain.F) C) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 8

Until thyroid hormone needs to be secreted, precursors to it are stored in a viscous, protein-rich fluid within the center of thyroid follicles. This viscous fluid is known as ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Until thyroid hormone needs to be secreted,...

Question 9

Which is not a tropic hormone?

Accepted Answer

A)   Thyroid-stimulating hormone
B)   Adrenocorticotropic hormone
C)   Follicle-stimulating hormone
D)   ProlactinE) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 10

Compared to young adults, the elderly usually have ________ levels of circulating growth hormone and ________ levels of circulating sex hormones.

Accepted Answer

A)   higher; higher
B)   higher; lower
C)   lower; lower
D)   lower; higherE) All of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 11

Which is not characteristic of the endocrine system?

Accepted Answer

A)   Effects: causes metabolic activity changes in target cells
B)   Response time: slow reaction time = seconds to hours
C)   Duration of response: long-lasting = minutes to weeks
D)   Recovery time: rapid, immediate return to prestimulation level
E)   Communication method: hormones in the bloodstreamF) D) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 12

Alpha cells of the pancreas secrete the hormone ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Alpha cells of the pancreas secrete the...

Question 13

In the signal transduction pathway that results in the formation of inositol triphosphate, the G protein directly activates

Accepted Answer

A)   phospholipase C.
B)   protein kinase A.
C)   calmodulin.
D)   adenylate cyclase.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 14

Damage to the liver might impair enzymatic degradation of some hormones. The levels of such hormones in the blood would therefore be expected to

Accepted Answer

A)   increase.
B)   decrease.
C)   remain unchanged.D) B) and C)
E) None of the above

Question 15

Identity, source, secretory control, & functional roles of the major hormones produced by the body. 
-This figure shows the pituitary gland. Which number indicates the posterior pituitary?

Accepted Answer

A)   1
B)   2
C)   4
D)   5
E)   6F) B) and E)
G) D) and E)

Question 16

A G protein is

Accepted Answer

A)   a type of water-soluble hormone.
B)   a second messenger activated by a steroid hormone.
C)   a molecule that binds a guanine nucleotide and helps transduce a signal inside a target cell.
D)   a receptor for a water-soluble hormone that causes arachidonic acid to be extracted from a phospholipid.
E)   an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of ATP into cyclic AMP.F) B) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 17

In which order would blood flow through these structures as it travels from the hypothalamus to the pituitary gland?
A: Primary plexus
B: Secondary plexus
C: Hypophyseal portal veins

Accepted Answer

A)   a - b - c
B)   a - c - b
C)   c - a - b
D)   b - a - c
E)   c - b - aF) A) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 18

The two hormones released from the posterior pituitary are

Accepted Answer

A)   oxytocin and antidiuretic hormone.
B)   thyrotropin-releasing hormone and corticotropin-releasing hormone.
C)   prolactin and growth hormone.
D)   prolactin and vasopressin.
E)   follicle-stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone.F) B) and C)
G) A) and C)

Question 19

When a chemical messenger helps initiate an inflammatory response by causing cellular changes in neighboring cells, it is demonstrating ________ signaling.

Accepted Answer

A)   autocrine
B)   paracrine
C)   allomone
D)   pheromoneE) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 20

Insulin causes a(n)  ________ in glycogenesis in the liver and a(n)  ________ in lipogenesis in adipose.

Accepted Answer

A)   increase; increase
B)   increase; decrease
C)   decrease; decrease
D)   decrease; increaseE) B) and D)
F) A) and C)

Exam 17: Endocrine System

Endocrine glands

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The two hormones released from the posterior pituitary are

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Which is not characteristic of the endocrine system?

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Intracellular signaling pathways within target cells are organized such that

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Until thyroid hormone needs to be secreted, precursors to it are stored in a viscous, protein-rich fluid within the center of thyroid follicles. This viscous fluid is known as ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the signal transduction pathway that results in the formation of inositol triphosphate, the G protein directly activates

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A G protein is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The primary function of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) is to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The hypothalamic hormone that triggers the release of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When a chemical messenger helps initiate an inflammatory response by causing cellular changes in neighboring cells, it is demonstrating ________ signaling.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Damage to the liver might impair enzymatic degradation of some hormones. The levels of such hormones in the blood would therefore be expected to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In which order would blood flow through these structures as it travels from the hypothalamus to the pituitary gland? A: Primary plexus B: Secondary plexus C: Hypophyseal portal veins

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Compared to young adults, the elderly usually have ________ levels of circulating growth hormone and ________ levels of circulating sex hormones.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

As someone starts to develop in puberty, most cells in their reproductive organs are probably starting to express

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Insulin causes a(n) ________ in glycogenesis in the liver and a(n) ________ in lipogenesis in adipose.

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Which is not a tropic hormone?

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Which is not correct regarding the pancreas?

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Alpha cells of the pancreas secrete the hormone ________.

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Lipophilic hormones bind to ________ receptors of target cells.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Identity, source, secretory control, & functional roles of the major hormones produced by the body. -This figure shows the pituitary gland. Which number indicates the posterior pituitary?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Compared to young adults, the elderly usually have levels of circulating growth hormone and levels of circulating sex hormones.

Correct Answer
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Insulin causes a(n) in glycogenesis in the liver and a(n) in lipogenesis in adipose.

Correct Answer
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