Question 1

Wallerian degeneration involves the breakdown of

Accepted Answer

A)   the segments of axon and myelin sheath between the site of damage and the peripheral effector.
B)   the segments of axon and myelin sheath between the site of damage and the cell body.
C)   the neurilemma both central and peripheral to the site of trauma.
D)   macrophages and microglia that have completed the job of CNS cleanup after trauma.E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 2

The main way acetylcholine is cleared from a synapse is by

Accepted Answer

A)   degradation by an enzyme.
B)   uptake by the postsynaptic cell.
C)   reuptake by the presynaptic cell.
D)   being engulfed by a supporting glial cell.E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

Question 3

Arrival of an action potential at the synaptic knob results in

Accepted Answer

A)   opening of voltage-gated calcium channels and diffusion of calcium into the synaptic knob.
B)   opening of voltage-gated calcium channels and diffusion of calcium out of the synaptic knob to the interstitial fluid.
C)   closure of voltage-gated calcium channels in the synaptic knob membrane.
D)   opening of chemically gated calcium channels and diffusion of calcium into the synaptic knob.
E)   opening of chemically gated calcium channels and diffusion of calcium out of the synaptic knob to the interstitial fluid.F) A) and B)
G) B) and D)

Question 4

Which statement accurately compares the transmission speed of the different types of synapses?

Accepted Answer

A)   Transmission at chemical synapses involves a brief synaptic delay, but electrical synapses are faster.
B)   Transmission at both chemical and electrical synapses involves a synaptic delay of approximately 1 millisecond.
C)   Transmission at electrical synapses involves a brief synaptic delay, but chemical synapses are faster.
D)   Electrical synapses have a constant delay of 1 millisecond, but chemical synaptic delays vary between 0.1 and 0.3 millisecond.E) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 5

Select all the features you would expect in a nerve fiber that conducted signals slowly, such as those that control gastric secretions and other functions that are not urgent.
A) Small diameter
B) Unmyelinated
C) Large diameter
D) Myelinated

Accepted Answer

The answer of Select all the features you would expect...

Question 6

The type of neuronal circuit that spreads information from one presynaptic neuron to several postsynaptic neurons is a ________ circuit.

Accepted Answer

A)   converging
B)   diverging
C)   reverberating
D)   parallel-after-discharge
E)   None of the choices is correct.F) B) and C)
G) C) and D)

Question 7

Receptors are parts of the nervous system that allow it to

Accepted Answer

A)   initiate responses to information.
B)   process information.
C)   collect information.
D)   conduct impulses to muscles.E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 8

The hyperpolarization that occurs at the end of an action potential is due to the prolonged

Accepted Answer

A)   open state of voltage-gated sodium channels.
B)   closure of chemically gated sodium channels.
C)   open state of voltage-gated potassium channels.
D)   closure of voltage-gated potassium channels.
E)   open state of chemically gated sodium channels.F) B) and C)
G) B) and E)

Question 9

The primary inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain is

Accepted Answer

A)   glutamate.
B)   valine.
C)   GABA.
D)   serotonin.
E)   serine.F) B) and D)
G) None of the above

Question 10

Action potentials are generated by the opening of ________ gated channels and they occur on the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   voltage-, axon
B)   voltage-, dendrite
C)   chemically, axon
D)   chemically, dendriteE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 11

The glial cell that myelinates and insulates axons within the CNS is the

Accepted Answer

A)   astrocyte.
B)   ependymal cell.
C)   neurolemmocyte.
D)   microglial cell.
E)   oligodendrocyte.F) C) and E)
G) D) and E)

Question 12

A mixed nerve is one that contains both

Accepted Answer

A)   cranial and spinal nerve fibers.
B)   sensory and motor neurons.
C)   unipolar and bipolar neurons.
D)   an endoneurium and an epineurium.
E)   presynaptic and postsynaptic neurons.F) C) and D)
G) None of the above

Question 13

If there were no sodium leak channels, the resting membrane potential of a neuron would be

Accepted Answer

A)   more negative.
B)   more positive.
C)   the same.
D)   0 mV.E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 14

Endocannabinoids are neuromodulators that decrease neurotransmitter release from presynaptic neurons.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

The size of an EPSP is independent of the amount of excitatory neurotransmitter that is released by the presynaptic cell.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Which is not characteristic of neurons?

Accepted Answer

A)   High mitotic rate
B)   High metabolic rate
C)   Require continuous supplies of glucose and oxygen
D)   Extreme longevity
E)   No exceptions; all of these are characteristic of neurons.F) A) and D)
G) None of the above

Question 17

The glial cell with the responsibility of occupying the space left by dead or dying neurons is the

Accepted Answer

A)   astrocyte.
B)   ependymal cell.
C)   neurolemmocyte.
D)   microglial cell.
E)   oligodendrocyte.F) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

Question 18

Which is not a function of the motor division of the nervous system?

Accepted Answer

A)   Conducts impulses from the CNS
B)   Transmits impulses to muscles and glands
C)   Transmits impulses from the viscera
D)   Voluntary control of skeletal muscle
E)   Involuntary control of the heartF) None of the above
G) A) and D)

Question 19

Electrical synapses involve coupling of neurons by

Accepted Answer

A)   synaptic clefts.
B)   desmosomes.
C)   gap junctions.
D)   satellite cells.E) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 20

Typically, the resting membrane potential of a neuron is

Accepted Answer

A)   7 V.
B)   700 mV.
C)   −7 V.
D)   −70 mV.
E)   0 mV.F) B) and E)
G) A) and E)

Exam 12: Nervous System: Nervous Tissue

The hyperpolarization that occurs at the end of an action potential is due to the prolonged

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The primary inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain is

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Typically, the resting membrane potential of a neuron is

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Which statement accurately compares the transmission speed of the different types of synapses?

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Select all the features you would expect in a nerve fiber that conducted signals slowly, such as those that control gastric secretions and other functions that are not urgent. A) Small diameter B) Unmyelinated C) Large diameter D) Myelinated

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The size of an EPSP is independent of the amount of excitatory neurotransmitter that is released by the presynaptic cell.

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Electrical synapses involve coupling of neurons by

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Action potentials are generated by the opening of ________ gated channels and they occur on the ________.

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Receptors are parts of the nervous system that allow it to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If there were no sodium leak channels, the resting membrane potential of a neuron would be

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Arrival of an action potential at the synaptic knob results in

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Wallerian degeneration involves the breakdown of

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Which is not characteristic of neurons?

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A mixed nerve is one that contains both

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The type of neuronal circuit that spreads information from one presynaptic neuron to several postsynaptic neurons is a ________ circuit.

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Which is not a function of the motor division of the nervous system?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The main way acetylcholine is cleared from a synapse is by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Endocannabinoids are neuromodulators that decrease neurotransmitter release from presynaptic neurons.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The glial cell that myelinates and insulates axons within the CNS is the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The glial cell with the responsibility of occupying the space left by dead or dying neurons is the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Action potentials are generated by the opening of gated channels and they occur on the .

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