Question 1

An osteoclast has a ruffled border and multiple nuclei.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

In adults, an area of compact bone called the epiphyseal tract replaces the epiphyseal plate.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

-This figure illustrates the microscopic anatomy of spongy bone. Which number indicates a central canal?

Accepted Answer

A)   1
B)   2
C)   4
D)   5
E)   None of the choices is correct.F) C) and D)
G) B) and D)

Question 4

-This figure illustrates epiphyseal plate morphology. Which is the zone of proliferating cartilage?

Accepted Answer

A)   1
B)   2
C)   3
D)   4
E)   5F) C) and D)
G) D) and E)

Question 5

Which is a change in bone architecture or mass related to aging?

Accepted Answer

A)   Insufficient calcification
B)   Demineralization
C)   Reduction in the organic content of the matrix
D)   Loss of flexibility and increase in brittleness
E)   All of the choices are correct.F) C) and D)
G) None of the above

Question 6

The periosteum is anchored to the bone by collagen fibers called ________ fibers.

Accepted Answer

A)   transverse
B)   perforating
C)   penetrating
D)   connecting
E)   cementingF) A) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 7

What gives bone its flexibility?

Accepted Answer

A)   Inorganic salts
B)   Yellow bone marrow
C)   Collagen fibers
D)   Trabeculae
E)   Elastic fibersF) B) and E)
G) D) and E)

Question 8

Osteons run perpendicular to the diaphysis of a long bone.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

The zones found in an epiphyseal plate are
A: Calcified cartilage
B: Hypertrophic cartilage
C: Ossification
D: Resting cartilage
E: Proliferating cartilage
The correct order for these zones, beginning with the edge closest to the epiphysis and proceeding toward the diaphysis, is

Accepted Answer

A)   c - a - b - e - d
B)   d - b - e - a - c
C)   e - d - a - c - b
D)   c - d - e - a - b
E)   d - e - b - a - cF) A) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 10

Which is an accurate description of appositional bone growth?

Accepted Answer

A)   Osteoblasts build bone at the circumferential lamellae while osteoclasts widen the medullary cavity.
B)   Osteoclasts build bone at the concentric lamellae while osteoblasts build bone at the interstitial lamellae.
C)   Osteoblasts build bone at the concentric lamellae while osteoclasts build bone at the epiphyses.
D)   Osteocytes build bone at the interstitial lamellae while osteoclasts expand the length of the medullary cavity.
E)   Osteocytes and osteoclasts expand the bone at its epiphyses; chondrocytes construct cartilage.F) B) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 11

Which bone forms by intramembranous ossification?

Accepted Answer

A)   Zygomatic
B)   Radius
C)   Axis
D)   Hamate
E)   First metatarsalF) B) and E)
G) None of the above

Question 12

During appositional growth of cartilage, the cells that produce the matrix are the

Accepted Answer

A)   chondrocytes.
B)   osteocytes.
C)   fibroblasts.
D)   chondroblasts.
E)   osteoblasts.F) A) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 13

-This figure illustrates the microscopic anatomy of spongy bone. Which is a mature bone cell?

Accepted Answer

A)   1
B)   2
C)   3
D)   4
E)   None of the choices is correct.F) C) and D)
G) B) and D)

Question 14

Spongy bone

Accepted Answer

A)   contains no osteocytes.
B)   has spaces filled with yellow marrow.
C)   is composed of tubular units called osteons.
D)   forms diploe in the cranial bones.
E)   All of the choices are correct.F) A) and C)
G) All of the above

Question 15

Mechanical stress of bones, such as that caused by weight lifting, is detected by

Accepted Answer

A)   osteocytes, which then communicate to osteoblasts to increase synthesis of osteoid.
B)   osteoclasts, which then communicate to osteocytes to increase the size of lacunae.
C)   chondrocytes, which then trigger osteoblasts to increase bone in a lengthwise fashion.
D)   osteoblasts, which then communicate to osteocytes and osteoclasts to deposit more hydroxyapatite.E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 16

Once we reach adulthood and our bones are fully formed and hardened, they cannot be remodeled.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Bone is considered an important storage reservoir for

Accepted Answer

A)   calcium, phosphate, and lipids.
B)   steroids, proteins, and complex carbohydrates.
C)   glycogen, nitrogenous bases, and calcium.
D)   phosphate, glycogen, and nonpolar amino acids.
E)   calcium, complex carbohydrates, and polar amino acids.F) B) and C)
G) A) and C)

Question 18

If a bone is immersed in a weak acid such as vinegar for several days, its inorganic components will dissolve. What will be the result of such an experiment?

Accepted Answer

A)   The bone will dissolve completely.
B)   The compact bone will dissolve, leaving only the inner spongy bone.
C)   The bone will become extremely brittle.
D)   The bone will become soft and bendable.
E)   The spongy bone will dissolve, leaving only the outer compact bone.F) None of the above
G) A) and C)

Question 19

The flat bones of the cranium form by intramembranous ossification.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Mature cartilage is avascular.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 7: Skeletal System: Bone Structure and Function

Bone is considered an important storage reservoir for

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During appositional growth of cartilage, the cells that produce the matrix are the

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Spongy bone

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Mature cartilage is avascular.

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Osteons run perpendicular to the diaphysis of a long bone.

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Mechanical stress of bones, such as that caused by weight lifting, is detected by

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-This figure illustrates the microscopic anatomy of spongy bone. Which is a mature bone cell?

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-This figure illustrates epiphyseal plate morphology. Which is the zone of proliferating cartilage?

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The zones found in an epiphyseal plate are A: Calcified cartilage B: Hypertrophic cartilage C: Ossification D: Resting cartilage E: Proliferating cartilage The correct order for these zones, beginning with the edge closest to the epiphysis and proceeding toward the diaphysis, is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An osteoclast has a ruffled border and multiple nuclei.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which is a change in bone architecture or mass related to aging?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What gives bone its flexibility?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

-This figure illustrates the microscopic anatomy of spongy bone. Which number indicates a central canal?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which is an accurate description of appositional bone growth?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The periosteum is anchored to the bone by collagen fibers called ________ fibers.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In adults, an area of compact bone called the epiphyseal tract replaces the epiphyseal plate.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If a bone is immersed in a weak acid such as vinegar for several days, its inorganic components will dissolve. What will be the result of such an experiment?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Once we reach adulthood and our bones are fully formed and hardened, they cannot be remodeled.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which bone forms by intramembranous ossification?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The flat bones of the cranium form by intramembranous ossification.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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