Question 1

Amphibians are not completely free to live on dry land because

Accepted Answer

A)  their ancestors were fish.
B)  their food organisms live in water.
C)  their reproduction depends on water.
D)  they can escape from predators by jumping into the water.E) B) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 2

To which group of fishes does the following description apply: swim bladder, bony skeleton, and paired fins supported by bony rays.

Accepted Answer

A)  Sarcopterygi
B)  Actinopterygi
C)  Chondrichthyes
D)  PlacodermiE) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 3

Small, fishlike marine chordates, pointed at both ends with no distinguishable head, in which the notochord runs the entire length of the nerve cord, are called

Accepted Answer

A)  arrow worms.
B)  tunicates.
C)  acorn worms.
D)  lancelets.E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 4

What would happen to an egg that had a non-functional chorion?

Accepted Answer

A)  The embryo would suffocate or dehydrate.
B)  The embryo would starve in the egg.
C)  The embryo would die due to high levels of toxic metabolic wastes.
D)  The embryo would develop normally.E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 5

In humans, one pair of pharyngeal pouches become the tube-shaped organ called the

Accepted Answer

A)  esophagus.
B)  trachea.
C)  Eustachian tube.
D)  bronchial tube.E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 6

Reptiles can maintain their internal body temperature by

Accepted Answer

A)  behavioral mechanisms.
B)  drinking warm or cool water.
C)  eating and oxidizing more food.
D)  an effective insulating covering.E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 7

One of the most critical adaptations of the reptiles in relation to their life on land is the evolution of the

Accepted Answer

A)  amniotic egg.
B)  allantois egg.
C)  chorionic egg.
D)  diploid egg.E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 8

Scuba divers use a BCD to control buoyancy.It is essentially a bag that can be inflated or deflated to prevent excessive sinking or floating.How do bony fish accomplish this?

Accepted Answer

A)  They pump their operculum.
B)  They adjust the level of gasses in their swim bladder.
C)  They adjust their position using the pectoral and pelvic fins.
D)  They swim rapidly to saturate the blood with oxygen.E) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 9

The following classes or superclasses of fish are matched with an example.Select the mismatched pair.

Accepted Answer

A)  Chondrichthyes-sharks
B)  Placodermi-lobe-finned fish
C)  Myxini-hagfish
D)  Osteichthyes-bony fishE) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 10

The single ventricle in an amphibian heart means the oxygenated and deoxygenated blood mix.How do amphibians manage to survive despite this inefficiency?

Accepted Answer

A)  The absorb large amounts of fluid.
B)  They transport oxygen across the skin.
C)  They keep their body temperatures high.
D)  They move very slowly.E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 11

In terms of number of species, the most successful terrestrial vertebrates that invaded the air are

Accepted Answer

A)  insects.
B)  pterosaurs.
C)  birds.
D)  bats.E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 12

A tunicate looks like a sponge.How could a biologist distinguish it from a member of the Porifera?

Accepted Answer

A)  Tunicates do not filter feed.
B)  Only tunicates produce gametes.
C)  Unlike tunicates, sponges are symmetrical.
D)  Tunicates have a stomach.E) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 13

When a tourist buys a sand dollar at a beach shop, what are they buying?

Accepted Answer

A)  A calcium carbonate shell secreted from the mantle
B)  Anendoskeleton of calcium carbonate ossicles
C)  A molted exoskeleton made of chitin
D)  An endoskeleton made of boneE) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 14

Of the primates listed below, a human's closest extant relative is a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  South American spider monkey.
B)  mandrill.
C)  orangutan.
D)  ring-tailed lemur.E) B) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 15

Which of the following is considered the key innovation that started chordates along the evolutionary path that led to vertebrates?

Accepted Answer

A)  a flexible rod to which muscles are attached, which allowed lateral movement of the back
B)  an internal endoskeleton
C)  a skin covering the entire body to prevent desiccation
D)  a hard shell encasing the bodyE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 16

In addition to a vertebral column, all vertebrates have

Accepted Answer

A)  a distinctive head or skull.
B)  an open circulatory system.
C)  gills.
D)  scales.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 17

The invasion of the land by amphibians posed a number of challenges requiring evolutionary innovations.Which one of the following does NOT match a challenge with a corresponding adaptation found in amphibians?

Accepted Answer

A)  The force of gravity was greater without water's buoying effect, selecting for well-muscled legs.
B)  Additional oxygen was needed for larger muscles, selecting for the partially-divided heart and pulmonary circuit.
C)  Eggs dry out in a terrestrial environment, selecting for the amniotic egg.
D)  Gills tend to collapse out of the water, selecting for lungs and cutaneous respiration.E) B) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 18

Which one of the following does not match a component of the amniotic egg with its primary function?

Accepted Answer

A)  shell-porous, protective covering
B)  chorion-exchange of respiratory gases; retention of water
C)  amnion-encloses embryo within an oxygen-filled cavity
D)  allantois-segregates nitrogenous wastes from embryoE) B) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 19

Mammals are thought to have evolved from

Accepted Answer

A)  thecodonts.
B)  therapsids.
C)  dinosaurs.
D)  marsupials.E) All of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 20

Amphibians are thought to have evolved from

Accepted Answer

A)  ray-finned fish.
B)  lobe-finned fish.
C)  spiny fish.
D)  skates and rays.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Exam 35: Deuterostomes

Scuba divers use a BCD to control buoyancy.It is essentially a bag that can be inflated or deflated to prevent excessive sinking or floating.How do bony fish accomplish this?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A tunicate looks like a sponge.How could a biologist distinguish it from a member of the Porifera?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In addition to a vertebral column, all vertebrates have

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

One of the most critical adaptations of the reptiles in relation to their life on land is the evolution of the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The invasion of the land by amphibians posed a number of challenges requiring evolutionary innovations.Which one of the following does NOT match a challenge with a corresponding adaptation found in amphibians?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Mammals are thought to have evolved from

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is considered the key innovation that started chordates along the evolutionary path that led to vertebrates?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Amphibians are not completely free to live on dry land because

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What would happen to an egg that had a non-functional chorion?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Small, fishlike marine chordates, pointed at both ends with no distinguishable head, in which the notochord runs the entire length of the nerve cord, are called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In humans, one pair of pharyngeal pouches become the tube-shaped organ called the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In terms of number of species, the most successful terrestrial vertebrates that invaded the air are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The single ventricle in an amphibian heart means the oxygenated and deoxygenated blood mix.How do amphibians manage to survive despite this inefficiency?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Amphibians are thought to have evolved from

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

To which group of fishes does the following description apply: swim bladder, bony skeleton, and paired fins supported by bony rays.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When a tourist buys a sand dollar at a beach shop, what are they buying?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Of the primates listed below, a human's closest extant relative is a(n)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which one of the following does not match a component of the amniotic egg with its primary function?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The following classes or superclasses of fish are matched with an example.Select the mismatched pair.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Reptiles can maintain their internal body temperature by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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