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Exam 42: The Animal Body and Principles of Regulation

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Question 31

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A scientist is trying to coax stem cells to differentiate into muscle to use as a therapy for muscular dystrophy.He looks at his Petri dish and is excited to see the cells contracting! The cells appear striated and multinucleate.What type of muscle are they?

A) cardiac muscle
B) smooth muscle
C) involuntary muscle
D) skeletal muscle

E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

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Question 32

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What tissue type produces the tough coverings that package organs?

A) loose connective tissue
B) dense irregular connective tissue
C) collagen
D) dense regular connective tissue

E) A) and C)
F) All of the above

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Question 33

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Thermoregulation depends on monitoring of blood temperature.What structure acts as the mammalian temperature sensor?

The giraffe, as the tallest living land animal, has several adaptations for its height.To prevent blood from pooling in the head when it bends down to drink, the jugular veins of a giraffe have multiple one-way valves.Furthermore, a web of arteries and veins in the neck called the rete mirabile ("wonderful net") slows the flow of blood into the brain.These specializations of the ______________________ act as mechanisms to maintain ______________________.

Which statement describes a home heating and cooling system that functions in a homeostatic way?

The cell body of a motor neuron resides in the spinal cord, but it may control muscles a long distance away.In a giraffe, the ________ of a leg motor neuron may be six feet long!

Although especially useful to the giraffe, the rete mirabile is similar to a countercurrent heat exchange system in other related, less evolved, mammals.Thus a mechanism for _________________ homeostasis is likely to have evolved from a mechanism previously used for __________________ homeostasis.

What structure do myelin sheaths form along?

Which term refers to muscles that are attached to bones, and cause bones to move at their joints when they contract?

Vertebrate locomotion results from the contraction of muscles anchored to what other tissue?

Which of the following is most likely to function as a defense system?

Homeostasis is maintained using negative feedback loops.Which part of a negative feedback loop detects conditions?

What feature of cardiac muscle helps the cells coordinate their contraction as a single unit?

Mechanisms that help generate heat and those that allow release of heat are an example of ____________________.Collectively, these mechanisms increase the __________________ of body temperature.

Which type of cells line the lungs and blood vessels?

The characteristic that makes the muscle cells unique is the relative abundance and organization of

Damage to the integument may trigger action by cells of which system?

When a dog's brain detects the need to dissipate excess heat and the dog begins to pant, the brain acts as the _________________, and the panting behavior acts as the ________________.

Which of these thermoregulation processes can be sustained for the longest period of time?

Dogs use panting to dissipate excess heat.What part of their brain detects the need for this response and sends the signal to pant?