Question 1

With aging, a loss of inhibitory action potentials to the sacral region of the spinal cord results in

Accepted Answer

A)   increased bladder capacity.
B)   voluntary micturition.
C)   continuous dribbling of urine.
D)   uncontrollable micturition.
E)   lack of control of internal sphincter.F) C) and D)
G) B) and E)

Question 2

Renal papillae drain into ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   minor calyces
B)   major calyces
C)   the renal pelvis
D)   renal columns
E)   the ureterF) A) and D)
G) D) and E)

Question 3

Substances that are cotransported into proximal convoluted tubule cells include

Accepted Answer

A)   urea with water.
B)   K+ with amino acids.
C)   amino acids with bicarbonate ions.
D)   glucose molecules with Na+.
E)   Cl− with K+.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 4

A substance that is useful for determining the plasma clearance rate of the kidney is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   ADH
B)   glucose
C)   inulin
D)   protein
E)   ammoniaF) B) and E)
G) D) and E)

Question 5

Which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

A)   Most filtrate (99%)  is eliminated as urine.
B)   Normal filtrate contains a large amount of protein.
C)   Reabsorption of water in the filtrate may be hormonally controlled.
D)   Sodium ions are secreted into the filtrate of the proximal convoluted tubule.
E)   Hormones play a minor role in fluid homeostasis.F) A) and B)
G) All of the above

Question 6

All of the following are located in the renal cortex, except

Accepted Answer

A)   collecting ducts.
B)   renal corpuscles.
C)   proximal convoluted tubules.
D)   distal convoluted tubules.
E)   afferent arteriole.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 7

Choose the one that does not belong.

Accepted Answer

A)   Loop of Henle
B)   Glomerulus
C)   Distal convoluted tubule
D)   Proximal convoluted tubule
E)   Bowman capsuleF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 8

Skeletal muscle that surrounds the urethra as it extends through the pelvic floor forms the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   trigone
B)   lamina propria
C)   external urinary sphincter
D)   internal urinary sphincter
E)   involuntary portion of bladder controlF) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 9

In the myogenic mechanism of autoregulation, what is the response to an increase in blood pressure in the afferent arteriole?

Accepted Answer

A)   Constriction of the glomerulus
B)   Dilation of the afferent arteriole
C)   Dilation of the efferent arteriole
D)   Constriction of the afferent arterioleE) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 10

A patient enters a hospital after a motorcycle accident. He complains of mid-back pain. X-rays reveal both rib and pelvic fractures. His emergency room examination includes urinalysis. Which of the following findings from the urinalysis would most likely suggest trauma to the kidneys from the accident, but not to the urinary bladder?

Accepted Answer

A)   Pyuria
B)   Hematuria
C)   Albuminuria
D)   Uremia
E)   PhenylketonuriaF) B) and C)
G) B) and E)

Question 11

The renal corpuscle connects to the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   loop of Henle
B)   collecting duct
C)   distal convoluted tubule
D)   renal convoluted tubule
E)   proximal convoluted tubuleF) A) and E)
G) B) and E)

Question 12

Filtration slits is the name given to the

Accepted Answer

A)   points where the afferent arterioles enter the renal corpuscle.
B)   openings between the endothelial cells of the glomerular capillaries.
C)   gaps between the podocyte processes in the visceral layer of Bowman capsule.
D)   basement membrane of the glomerular endothelium.
E)   active transport channels.F) C) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 13

Glucose is usually completely reabsorbed from the filtrate by the time the filtrate has reached the

Accepted Answer

A)   tip of the loop of Henle.
B)   end of the collecting duct.
C)   end of the distal convoluted tubule.
D)   end of the proximal convoluted tubule.
E)   beginning of the proximal convoluted tubule.F) D) and E)
G) All of the above

Question 14

The amount of filtrate produced per minute is called the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   renal fraction
B)   filtration fraction
C)   glomerular filtration rate
D)   clearance fraction
E)   renal rateF) A) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 15

What are the arteries which diverge from the interlobar arteries near the base of the renal pyramid?

Accepted Answer

A)   Arcuate
B)   Peritubular
C)   Segmental
D)   Renal
E)   InterlobularF) D) and E)
G) None of the above

Question 16

Which of the following conditions is characterized by inflammation of the renal medulla?

Accepted Answer

A)   Pyelonephritis
B)   Acute glomerulonephritis
C)   Chronic glomerulonephritis
D)   Acute renal failure
E)   Chronic renal failureF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 17

Increased aldosterone causes increased ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   urine volume
B)   Na+ secretion
C)   K+ secretion
D)   reabsorption of H+
E)   filtrate formationF) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

Question 18

The mechanism for concentration of urine is called the ________ mechanism.

Accepted Answer

A)   countercurrent
B)   filtration
C)   secretion
D)   reabsorption
E)   concentrationF) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 19

The filtration membrane consists of the

Accepted Answer

A)   capillary epithelium, podocytes, and macula densa.
B)   podocytes, basement membrane, and macula densa.
C)   basement membrane, capillary epithelium, and macula densa.
D)   parietal layer and visceral layer.
E)   podocytes, capillary endothelium, and basement membrane.F) C) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 20

Which of the following pairs of structures are the most similar in function?

Accepted Answer

A)   Distal convoluted tubule and collecting duct.
B)   Proximal convoluted tubule and distal convoluted tubule.
C)   Distal convoluted tubule and ascending limb of the loop of Henle.
D)   Ascending limb and descending limb of the loop of Henle.E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

Exam 26: Urinary System

The amount of filtrate produced per minute is called the ________.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following pairs of structures are the most similar in function?

Correct Answer
verified

Skeletal muscle that surrounds the urethra as it extends through the pelvic floor forms the ________.

Correct Answer
verified

With aging, a loss of inhibitory action potentials to the sacral region of the spinal cord results in

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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What are the arteries which diverge from the interlobar arteries near the base of the renal pyramid?

Correct Answer
verified

Glucose is usually completely reabsorbed from the filtrate by the time the filtrate has reached the

Correct Answer
verified

Filtration slits is the name given to the

Correct Answer
verified

Renal papillae drain into ________.

Correct Answer
verified

In the myogenic mechanism of autoregulation, what is the response to an increase in blood pressure in the afferent arteriole?

Correct Answer
verified

Substances that are cotransported into proximal convoluted tubule cells include

Correct Answer
verified

Choose the one that does not belong.

Correct Answer
verified

Increased aldosterone causes increased ________.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following conditions is characterized by inflammation of the renal medulla?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following statements is true?

Correct Answer
verified

The filtration membrane consists of the

Correct Answer
verified

The renal corpuscle connects to the ________.

Correct Answer
verified

A substance that is useful for determining the plasma clearance rate of the kidney is ________.

Correct Answer
verified

The mechanism for concentration of urine is called the ________ mechanism.

Correct Answer
verified

All of the following are located in the renal cortex, except

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 26: Urinary System

The amount of filtrate produced per minute is called the ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following pairs of structures are the most similar in function?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Skeletal muscle that surrounds the urethra as it extends through the pelvic floor forms the ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

With aging, a loss of inhibitory action potentials to the sacral region of the spinal cord results in

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What are the arteries which diverge from the interlobar arteries near the base of the renal pyramid?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Glucose is usually completely reabsorbed from the filtrate by the time the filtrate has reached the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Filtration slits is the name given to the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Renal papillae drain into ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the myogenic mechanism of autoregulation, what is the response to an increase in blood pressure in the afferent arteriole?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Substances that are cotransported into proximal convoluted tubule cells include

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Choose the one that does not belong.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Increased aldosterone causes increased ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following conditions is characterized by inflammation of the renal medulla?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements is true?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The filtration membrane consists of the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The renal corpuscle connects to the ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A substance that is useful for determining the plasma clearance rate of the kidney is ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The mechanism for concentration of urine is called the ________ mechanism.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All of the following are located in the renal cortex, except

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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