Question 1

Some lung cancers secrete large amounts of ADH. This causes increased water reabsorption in the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   proximal convoluted tubule
B)   loop of Henle
C)   distal convoluted tubule and collecting ducts
D)   calyces
E)   urethraF) C) and D)
G) B) and E)

Question 2

Renin converts

Accepted Answer

A)   angiotensin I to angiotensin II.
B)   angiotensin II to angiotensin I.
C)   angiotensinogen to angiotensin I.
D)   angiotensin II to angiotensin III.
E)   angiotensinogen to angiotensin II.F) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 3

The juxtaglomerular apparatus secretes ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   renin
B)   ADH
C)   oxytocin
D)   aldosterone
E)   angiotensinF) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 4

All of the following are major processes essential to urine production, except ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   micturition
B)   filtration
C)   tubular secretion
D)   tubular reabsorptionE) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 5

Atrial natriuretic hormone

Accepted Answer

A)   promotes the secretion of ADH.
B)   is secreted by the posterior pituitary.
C)   causes the formation of concentrated urine.
D)   is secreted when atrial blood pressure increases.
E)   is secreted when atrial blood pressure decreases.F) B) and C)
G) C) and D)

Question 6

As ADH production declines,

Accepted Answer

A)   glomerular filtration increases.
B)   K+ reabsorption increases.
C)   reabsorption of water increases.
D)   the urine volume increases.
E)   the blood volume increases.F) C) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 7

Which of the following functions would not be performed by the kidney?

Accepted Answer

A)   Urine storage
B)   Excretion of waste
C)   Maintenance of fluid balance
D)   Regulate synthesis of vitamin D
E)   Regulate synthesis of RBCsF) A) and E)
G) B) and E)

Question 8

The vasa recta

Accepted Answer

A)   supplies blood to the glomerulus.
B)   alters the cortical solute gradient.
C)   collects excess water and solutes from the medullary interstitial fluid.
D)   collects water and solutes reabsorbed from the proximal convoluted tubule.
E)   surrounds the collecting duct.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 9

Potassium ions enter the lumen of the ________ by the process of active transport.

Accepted Answer

A)   proximal convoluted tubule
B)   renal corpuscle
C)   loop of Henle
D)   distal convoluted tubule
E)   collecting ductF) B) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 10

Which of the following situations increases the number of action potentials to the supraoptic region of the hypothalamus?

Accepted Answer

A)   Increased blood velocity
B)   Decreased renin production
C)   Increased plasma osmolality
D)   Decreased aldosterone secretion
E)   Decreased plasma osmolalityF) A) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 11

The juxtaglomerular apparatus is composed of

Accepted Answer

A)   juxtaglomerular cells and the macula densa.
B)   podocytes and juxtaglomerular cells.
C)   the macula densa and the filtration membrane.
D)   juxtaglomerular cells and the filtration membrane.
E)   glomerulus and Bowman capsule.F) A) and C)
G) All of the above

Question 12

Stretch receptors in the atria are responsible for the secretion of ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   ADH
B)   renin
C)   aldosterone
D)   atrial natriuretic hormone
E)   angiotensinF) D) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 13

Which of the following is between the proximal and distal convoluted tubules?

Accepted Answer

A)   The glomerulus
B)   The loop of Henle
C)   The distal convoluted tubule
D)   The proximal convoluted tubule
E)   Collecting ductF) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT an effect of aging on the kidneys?

Accepted Answer

A)   Decrease in kidney size
B)   Loss of nephrons
C)   Decreased response to hormonal control of urine volume
D)   A marked decrease in the ability to maintain homeostasisE) A) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 15

The portion of the kidney that is composed of cone-shaped renal pyramids is called the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   cortex
B)   medulla
C)   pelvis
D)   calyx
E)   columnsF) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

Question 16

Tubular load refers to the amount of a given substance that

Accepted Answer

A)   is present in the blood as it enters the afferent arteriole of the nephron.
B)   passes through the filtration membrane into the nephron each minute.
C)   can be actively reabsorbed from the filtrate.
D)   can be secreted into the filtrate.
E)   None of the choices are correct.F) All of the above
G) B) and E)

Question 17

Why is the external urinary sphincter under conscious control?

Accepted Answer

A)   It is made of smooth muscle.
B)   It is part of the detrusor muscle.
C)   It is made of skeletal muscle.
D)   It is made of adventitia.E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 18

Urine concentration and volume depend on water reabsorption in the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   proximal convoluted tubule
B)   descending loop of Henle
C)   ascending loop of Henle
D)   distal convoluted tubule only
E)   distal convoluted tubule and collecting ductsF) D) and E)
G) B) and E)

Question 19

The urinary bladder

Accepted Answer

A)   stores urine until it is voided.
B)   empties to the exterior via the ureters.
C)   contains a muscle called the trigone.
D)   is superior to the kidney.
E)   filters urine.F) A) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 20

Formation of filtrate depends on a ________ gradient.

Accepted Answer

A)   pressure
B)   concentration
C)   volume
D)   temperature
E)   osmoticF) A) and E)
G) C) and D)

Exam 26: Urinary System

Tubular load refers to the amount of a given substance that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Some lung cancers secrete large amounts of ADH. This causes increased water reabsorption in the ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Urine concentration and volume depend on water reabsorption in the ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The juxtaglomerular apparatus secretes ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All of the following are major processes essential to urine production, except ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Formation of filtrate depends on a ________ gradient.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is NOT an effect of aging on the kidneys?

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Why is the external urinary sphincter under conscious control?

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Atrial natriuretic hormone

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As ADH production declines,

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Renin converts

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The vasa recta

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Stretch receptors in the atria are responsible for the secretion of ________.

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Which of the following functions would not be performed by the kidney?

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The juxtaglomerular apparatus is composed of

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The urinary bladder

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Potassium ions enter the lumen of the ________ by the process of active transport.

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The portion of the kidney that is composed of cone-shaped renal pyramids is called the ________.

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Which of the following is between the proximal and distal convoluted tubules?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following situations increases the number of action potentials to the supraoptic region of the hypothalamus?

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