Question 1

Electrons

Accepted Answer

A)   comprise the majority of the mass of an atom.
B)   are located in the nucleus of an atom.
C)   have a positive charge of one.
D)   are the subatomic particles most involved in bonding behavior of atoms.
E)   do not participate in the bonding of atoms.F) None of the above
G) A) and E)

Question 2

Glucose is the

Accepted Answer

A)   storage carbohydrate in animals.
B)   storage carbohydrate in plants.
C)   nondigestible plant polysaccharide.
D)   major nutrient for most body cells.
E)   sugar found in RNA.F) C) and D)
G) All of the above

Question 3

Which of the following best describes a proton?

Accepted Answer

A)   One negative charge, no mass, found in orbitals
B)   No charge, mass of one, found in nucleus
C)   One positive charge, mass of one, found in nucleus
D)   Subatomic particle with no electric charge
E)   None of the choices are correct.F) A) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 4

Which of the following chemical reactions best represents the decomposition of ATP?

Accepted Answer

A)   ATP + ADP → ATP
B)   ADP + ADP + ADP → ATP
C)   ATP + energy → ADP + H2O
D)   ADP + Pi + energy → ATP + H2O
E)   ATP + H2O → ADP + Pi + energyF) All of the above
G) A) and E)

Question 5

Which of the following is the correct sequence from smallest to largest?

Accepted Answer

A)   Amino acid, cell, protein, atom
B)   Amino acid, atom, cell, protein
C)   Cell, protein, amino acid, atom
D)   Atom, amino acid, protein, cell
E)   Protein, cell, amino acid, atomF) A) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 6

If the ratio of products and reactants are stable, the system is in ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   equilibrium
B)   steady state
C)   activationD) All of the above
E) B) and C)

Question 7

An atom has an atomic number of 19 and a mass number of 39. This atom will have ________ neutrons.

Accepted Answer

A)   19
B)   20
C)   39
D)   58E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 8

Heat energy is

Accepted Answer

A)   the form of energy that actually does work.
B)   movement of ions or electrons.
C)   energy that flows between objects with different temperatures.
D)   stored energy that could do work but is not doing so.
E)   energy that moves in waves.F) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

Question 9

Which of the following is a proton donor?

Accepted Answer

A)   An acid
B)   A base
C)   A salt
D)   Glucose
E)   A neutral substanceF) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

Question 10

A neutral atom contains

Accepted Answer

A)   more protons than electrons.
B)   more electrons than protons.
C)   the same number of electrons and protons.
D)   only neutrons.
E)   None of the choices are correct.F) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

Question 11

Substance A is added to a solution, resulting in a decrease in the pH of the solution. Substance A ________ the H+ concentration; therefore, it is considered a/an ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   increased; acid
B)   increased; base
C)   decreased; acid
D)   decreased; baseE) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 12

Which molecule is produced as a waste product of the metabolism of glucose by cells?

Accepted Answer

A)   Water
B)   Oxygen
C)   Carbon dioxide
D)   Carbon monoxide
E)   NitrogenF) B) and D)
G) None of the above

Question 13

A solution that contains one osmole of solute in one kilogram (kg)  of water is called a

Accepted Answer

A)   1% solution.
B)   1 molar solution.
C)   10% solution.
D)   1 osmolal solution.
E)   None of the choices are correct.F) A) and D)
G) None of the above

Question 14

The three forms of matter are

Accepted Answer

A)   air, water, and solids.
B)   solids, liquids, and gases.
C)   blood, bone, and air.
D)   vapor, water, and solid.E) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 15

The primary structure of a protein is

Accepted Answer

A)   the number of polypeptide chains in the molecule.
B)   the sequence of amino acids in the polypeptide chain.
C)   the folded, helical nature of the molecule.
D)   represented by multiple polypeptide chains.
E)   the hydrogen bonds between amino acids.F) B) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 16

The importance of O2 in the human body is to extract energy (ATP) from food molecules.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

The pH value

Accepted Answer

A)   increases with acidity.
B)   is measured on a scale from 0 to 10.
C)   is determined by the concentration of H+ in a solution.
D)   reflects the Na+ content of body fluids.
E)   decreases with alkalinity.F) None of the above
G) B) and E)

Question 18

How does a buffer help a solution maintain pH?

Accepted Answer

A)   A buffer can act like a base if pH is acidic, and it can act like an acid if pH is basic.
B)   A buffer releases a base to neutralize an acid.
C)   A buffer forms both cations and anions to counteract acids.
D)   A buffer releases acid to maintain proper pH.E) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 19

To which of the following organic groups does lactose belong?

Accepted Answer

A)   Carbohydrate
B)   Protein
C)   Lipid
D)   Nucleic acid
E)   VitaminF) A) and E)
G) B) and E)

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT true of enzymes?

Accepted Answer

A)   They are catalysts that increase the rate of a reaction.
B)   One enzyme can have many reactions.
C)   They may need a cofactor to be functional.D) None of the above
E) All of the above

Exam 2: The Chemical Basis of Life

Electrons

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Which of the following is the correct sequence from smallest to largest?

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A solution that contains one osmole of solute in one kilogram (kg) of water is called a

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How does a buffer help a solution maintain pH?

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The importance of O2 in the human body is to extract energy (ATP) from food molecules.

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Which of the following best describes a proton?

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Glucose is the

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A neutral atom contains

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Which of the following chemical reactions best represents the decomposition of ATP?

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Heat energy is

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The primary structure of a protein is

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An atom has an atomic number of 19 and a mass number of 39. This atom will have ________ neutrons.

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To which of the following organic groups does lactose belong?

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Substance A is added to a solution, resulting in a decrease in the pH of the solution. Substance A ________ the H+ concentration; therefore, it is considered a/an ________.

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Which of the following is a proton donor?

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The three forms of matter are

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Which of the following is NOT true of enzymes?

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The pH value

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If the ratio of products and reactants are stable, the system is in ________.

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Which molecule is produced as a waste product of the metabolism of glucose by cells?

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The importance of O₂ in the human body is to extract energy (ATP) from food molecules.

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Substance A is added to a solution, resulting in a decrease in the pH of the solution. Substance A the H⁺concentration; therefore, it is considered a/an .

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