Question 1

-Water accounts for 50% of the weight of a young adult female and 60% of a young adult male. What kind of molecule is found at "E"?

Accepted Answer

A)   Hydrogen bond
B)   Water molecule
C)   Oxygen atom
D)   Hydrogen atom
E)   Polar covalent bondF) C) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 2

A neutral atom will become a cation if it

Accepted Answer

A)   gains electrons.
B)   gains protons.
C)   loses electrons.
D)   loses protons.
E)   gains neutrons.F) C) and D)
G) C) and E)

Question 3

Cellulose is the

Accepted Answer

A)   storage carbohydrate in animals.
B)   storage carbohydrate in plants.
C)   nondigestible plant polysaccharide.
D)   major nutrient for most body cells.
E)   sugar found in RNA.F) A) and B)
G) B) and C)

Question 4

Sodium has an atomic number of 11 and an atomic mass of 23. Sodium has ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   12 neutrons and 11 protons
B)   12 protons and 11 neutrons
C)   12 electrons and 11 neutrons
D)   12 protons and 11 electrons
E)   12 electrons and 11 protonsF) A) and E)
G) None of the above

Question 5

-Phospholipids are important components of the plasma membrane. What does "D" represent on the diagram?

Accepted Answer

A)   Phosphorus
B)   Oxygen
C)   Nitrogen
D)   Polar (hydrophilic)  region
E)   Nonpolar (hydrophobic)  regionF) B) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 6

Metabolic water refers to the water molecules produced during normal cellular metabolism. Which types of metabolic reactions are important for the production of metabolic water?

Accepted Answer

A)   Dehydration reactions
B)   Hydrolysis reactions
C)   Catabolic reactions
D)   Reversible reactionsE) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 7

Glycogen is the

Accepted Answer

A)   storage carbohydrate in animals.
B)   storage carbohydrate in plants.
C)   nondigestible plant polysaccharide.
D)   major nutrient for most body cells.
E)   sugar found in RNA.F) All of the above
G) B) and E)

Question 8

An electrolyte is

Accepted Answer

A)   a combination of atoms held together by chemical bonds.
B)   a positively charged ion.
C)   a negatively charged ion.
D)   a substance that conducts electricity when placed in solution.
E)   the alteration in the three-dimensional structure of a protein.F) C) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 9

Which of the following statements best describes RNA?

Accepted Answer

A)   RNA is found outside a cell.
B)   RNA contains the base thymine.
C)   RNA is a single-stranded molecule.
D)   RNA molecules are antiparallel.
E)   RNA is a double helix.F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 10

Which of the following is not a use of x-ray imaging?

Accepted Answer

A)   Breast cancer screening in mammography
B)   Upper digestive tract abnormalities following barium ingestion
C)   Brain tumor progression
D)   Vertebrae fracturesE) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 11

Reactions that use water to split molecules apart are called ________ reactions.

Accepted Answer

A)   dehydration
B)   synthesis
C)   hydrolysis
D)   reversible
E)   oxidationF) All of the above
G) B) and E)

Question 12

Covalent bonds form when

Accepted Answer

A)   atomic nuclei fuse.
B)   molecules become ionized.
C)   neutrons are transferred from one atom to another.
D)   protons are lost from atoms.
E)   electrons are shared between two atoms.F) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

Question 13

-Phospholipids are important components of the plasma membrane. What does "C" represent on the diagram?

Accepted Answer

A)   Phosphorus
B)   Oxygen
C)   Nitrogen
D)   Polar (hydrophilic)  region
E)   Nonpolar (hydrophobic)  regionF) A) and C)
G) None of the above

Question 14

Two solutions, A and B, have the same osmolality. What does that mean?

Accepted Answer

A)   Solution A has more solute particles than solution B.
B)   Solution B has more solute particles than solution A.
C)   Both solutions have the same number of solute particles.
D)   Solution A is water and sugar; solution B is water and salt.
E)   Solution A is pure water, and solution B is water and salt.F) C) and E)
G) All of the above

Question 15

In the reversible reaction, CO2 + H2O ↔ H2CO3 ↔ H+ + HCO3-, a decrease in respiration rate will increase the concentration of CO2 in the blood. What will this do to the amount of H+ in the blood?

Accepted Answer

A)   H+ will increase.
B)   H+ will decrease.
C)   H+ will be unchanged.D) A) and B)
E) A) and C)

Question 16

Which of the following is a synthesis reaction?

Accepted Answer

A)   Two amino acids are bonded together to form a dipeptide.
B)   Sucrose is chemically separated to form one molecule of glucose and one molecule of fructose.
C)   Sodium chloride is dissolved in water.
D)   Several dipeptide chains are formed from digestion of a long polypeptide chain.
E)   ATP is converted to ADP.F) D) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 17

Potential energy is

Accepted Answer

A)   the form of energy that actually does work.
B)   movement of ions or electrons.
C)   energy that flows between objects with different temperatures.
D)   stored energy that could do work but is not doing so.
E)   energy that moves in waves.F) C) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 18

Eicosanoids

Accepted Answer

A)   are structural proteins.
B)   are fat-soluble vitamins.
C)   are components of the plasma membrane.
D)   comprise the genetic material.
E)   play a role in the response of tissues to injuries.F) A) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 19

Which of the following factors will influence the rate of chemical reactions?

Accepted Answer

A)   Temperature
B)   Concentration of reactants
C)   Presence of catalysts
D)   Presence of enzymes
E)   All of these factors will influence the rate of chemical reactions.F) D) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 20

Chemical substances that dissolve in water or react with water to release ions are known as ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   buffers
B)   enzymes
C)   bases
D)   inorganic compounds
E)   electrolytesF) B) and C)
G) B) and E)

Exam 2: The Chemical Basis of Life

Reactions that use water to split molecules apart are called ________ reactions.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the reversible reaction, CO2 + H2O ↔ H2CO3 ↔ H+ + HCO3-, a decrease in respiration rate will increase the concentration of CO2 in the blood. What will this do to the amount of H+ in the blood?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

-Water accounts for 50% of the weight of a young adult female and 60% of a young adult male. What kind of molecule is found at "E"?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

-Phospholipids are important components of the plasma membrane. What does "D" represent on the diagram?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Chemical substances that dissolve in water or react with water to release ions are known as ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Cellulose is the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An electrolyte is

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A neutral atom will become a cation if it

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following factors will influence the rate of chemical reactions?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Covalent bonds form when

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Two solutions, A and B, have the same osmolality. What does that mean?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

-Phospholipids are important components of the plasma membrane. What does "C" represent on the diagram?

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Glycogen is the

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Eicosanoids

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Metabolic water refers to the water molecules produced during normal cellular metabolism. Which types of metabolic reactions are important for the production of metabolic water?

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Sodium has an atomic number of 11 and an atomic mass of 23. Sodium has ________.

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Which of the following is not a use of x-ray imaging?

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Which of the following statements best describes RNA?

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Which of the following is a synthesis reaction?

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Potential energy is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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In the reversible reaction, CO₂ + H₂O ↔ H₂CO₃ ↔ H⁺ + HCO₃-, a decrease in respiration rate will increase the concentration of CO₂ in the blood. What will this do to the amount of H⁺ in the blood?

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