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Exam 17: Working Capital

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Question 1

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Whitmer Inc. sells to customers all over the U.S., and all receipts come in to its headquarters in New York City. The firm's average accounts receivable balance is $2.5 million, and they are financed by a bank loan at an 11% annual interest rate. The firm is considering setting up a regional lockbox system to speed up collections, and it believes this would reduce receivables by 20%. If the annual cost of the system is $15,000, what pre-tax net annual savings would be realized?

A) $29,160
B) $32,400
C) $36,000
D) $40,000
E) $44,000

F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

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Question 2

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Which of the following statements is NOT CORRECT?

A) A company may hold a relatively large amount of cash and marketable securities if it is uncertain about its volume of sales, profits, and cash flows during the coming year.
B) Credit policy has an impact on working capital because it influences both sales and the time before receivables are collected.
C) The cash budget is useful to help estimate future financing needs, especially the need for short-term working capital loans.
D) If a firm wants to generate more cash flow from operations in the next month or two, it could change its credit policy from 2/10, net 30 to net 60.
E) Managing working capital is important because it influences financing decisions and the firm's profitability.

F) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

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Question 3

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Changes in a firm's collection policy can affect sales, working capital, and profits.

Aggarwal Inc. buys on terms of 2/10, net 30, and it always pays on the 30th day. The CFO calculates that the average amount of costly trade credit carried is $375,000. What is the firm's average accounts payable balance? Assume a 365-day year.

Singal Inc. is preparing its cash budget. It expects to have sales of $30,000 in January, $35,000 in February, and $35,000 in March. If 20% of sales are for cash, 40% are credit sales paid in the month after the sale, and another 40% are credit sales paid 2 months after the sale, what are the expected cash receipts for March?

Which of the following statements concerning the cash budget is CORRECT?

A firm buys on terms of 2/8, net 45 days, it does not take discounts, and it actually pays after 58 days. What is the effective annual percentage cost of its non-free trade credit? (Use a 365-day year.)

The risk to the firm of borrowing using short-term credit is usually greater than if it used long-term debt. Added risk stems from (1) the greater variability of interest costs on short-term than long-term debt and (2) the fact that even if its long-term prospects are good, the firm's lenders may not be willing to renew short-term loans if the firm is temporarily unable to repay those loans.

The maturity matching, or "self-liquidating," approach to financing involves obtaining the funds for permanent current assets with a combination of long-term capital and short-term capital that varies depending on the level of interest rates. When short-term rates are relatively high, short-term assets will be financed with long-term debt to reduce costs.

Gonzales Company currently uses maximum trade credit by not taking discounts on its purchases. The standard industry credit terms offered by all its suppliers are 2/10, net 30 days, and the firm pays on time. The new CFO is considering borrowing from its bank, using short-term notes payable, and then taking discounts. The firm wants to determine the effect of this policy change on its net income. Its net purchases are $11,760 per day, using a 365-day year. The interest rate on the notes payable is 10%, and the tax rate is 40%. If the firm implements the plan, what is the expected change in net income?

Shorter-term cash budgets--say a daily cash budget for the next month--are generally used for actual cash control while longer-term cash budgets--say monthly cash budgets for the next year--are generally used for planning purposes.

Accruals are "spontaneous" funds arising automatically from a firm's operations, but unfortunately, due to law and economic forces, firms have little control over the level of these accounts.

If a firm has set up a revolving credit agreement with a bank, the risk to the firm of being unable to obtain funds when needed is lower than if it had an informal line of credit.

Which of the following is NOT commonly regarded as being a credit policy variable?

The three alternative current asset investment policies discussed in the text differ regarding the size of current asset holdings.

Not taking cash discounts is costly, and as a result, firms that do not take them are usually those that are performing poorly and have inadequate cash balances.

Atlanta Cement, Inc. buys on terms of 2/15, net 30. It does not take discounts, and it typically pays 60 days after the invoice date. Net purchases amount to $720,000 per year. What is the nominal annual percentage cost of its non-free trade credit, based on a 365-day year?

Which of the following statements is CORRECT?

For a zero-growth firm, it is possible to increase the percentage of sales that are made on credit and still keep accounts receivable at their current level, provided the firm can shorten the length of its collection period sufficiently.

Other things held constant, which of the following will cause an increase in net working capital?