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Figure 15-12 ​ Figure 15-12 ​   ​ -Refer to Figure 15-12. If this firm profit maximizes, which letter represents the price it will charge? ​ -Refer to Figure 15-12. If this firm profit maximizes, which letter represents the price it will charge?

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One solution to the problems of marginal-cost pricing of a regulated natural monopolist is average cost pricing. In this model, the monopolist is allowed to price its production at average total cost. How does average-cost pricing differ from marginal-cost pricing? Does this solution maximize social well-being?

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Under average-cost pricing, the monopoli...

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Scenario 15-1 A monopoly firm maximizes its profit by producing Q = 500 units of output. At that level of output, its marginal revenue is $40, its average revenue is $80, and its average total cost is $44. -If a pharmaceutical company discovers a new drug and successfully patents it, patent law gives the firm


A) partial ownership of the right to sell the drug for a limited number of years.
B) partial ownership of the right to sell the drug for an unlimited number of years.
C) sole ownership of the right to sell the drug for a limited number of years.
D) sole ownership of the right to sell the drug for an unlimited number of years.

E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

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Which of the following governmental actions would eliminate some or all of the inefficiency that results from monopoly pricing?


A) Policymakers can regulate prices that the monopoly charges.
B) Prohibit the monopoly from price discriminating.
C) Force the monopoly to operate at a point where its marginal revenue is equal to its marginal cost.
D) There is nothing the government can do to eliminate any inefficiency associated with a monopoly.

E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

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Figure 15-12 ​ Figure 15-12 ​   ​ -Refer to Figure 15-12. If this firm profit maximizes, which letter represents the quantity it will produce? ​ -Refer to Figure 15-12. If this firm profit maximizes, which letter represents the quantity it will produce?

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If a monopolist is able to perfectly price discriminate,


A) consumer surplus is always increased.
B) total surplus is always decreased.
C) consumer surplus and deadweight losses are transformed into monopoly profits.
D) the price effect dominates the output effect on monopoly revenue.

E) None of the above
F) All of the above

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Figure 15-11 ​ Figure 15-11 ​   ​ -Refer to Figure 15-11. If this firm were able to perfectly price discriminate, which letter represents the amount of output it would produce? ​ -Refer to Figure 15-11. If this firm were able to perfectly price discriminate, which letter represents the amount of output it would produce?

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Some companies merge in order to lower costs through efficient joint production.

A) True
B) False

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Comparing firms in perfectly competitive markets to monopoly firms, which charges a price equal to marginal cost?

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perfectly ...

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The three main sources of barriers to entry are monopoly resources, government regulation, and the firm's production process.

A) True
B) False

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Declining average total cost with increased production is one of the defining characteristics of a natural monopoly.

A) True
B) False

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Figure 15-6 Figure 15-6   ​ ​ -Refer to Figure 15-6. What is the socially efficient price and quantity? A) Price = X; quantity = J B) Price = Y; quantity = K C) Price = Y; quantity = J D) Price = Z; quantity = K ​ ​ -Refer to Figure 15-6. What is the socially efficient price and quantity?


A) Price = X; quantity = J
B) Price = Y; quantity = K
C) Price = Y; quantity = J
D) Price = Z; quantity = K

E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

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Figure 15-5 The following graph depicts the market situation for a monopoly pastry shop called Bearclaws. Figure 15-5 The following graph depicts the market situation for a monopoly pastry shop called Bearclaws.   -Refer to Figure 15-5. Based upon the information shown, what price will Bearclaws charge to maximize profits? A) $7 B) $10.50 C) $14 D) $12 -Refer to Figure 15-5. Based upon the information shown, what price will Bearclaws charge to maximize profits?


A) $7
B) $10.50
C) $14
D) $12

E) A) and C)
F) B) and D)

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Antitrust laws have economic benefits that outweigh the costs if they


A) prevent mergers that would decrease competition and lower the costs of production.
B) prevent mergers that would decrease competition and raise the costs of production.
C) allow mergers that would decrease competition and raise the costs of production.
D) allow mergers that would decrease competition regardless of what happens to the costs of production.

E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

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Which of the following statements is not correct?


A) The government may use antitrust laws to break up an existing company to improve competition.
B) The government may break up a natural monopoly to lower the price charged to customers.
C) Economists usually prefer private ownership to public ownership of natural monopolies.
D) Sometimes the best strategy is for the government to do nothing about monopoly inefficiency because the "fix" may be worse than the problem.

E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

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The proper level of government intervention is unclear when dealing with a monopoly.

A) True
B) False

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Give some examples of the benefits and costs of antitrust laws.

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Benefits include promoting com...

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Figure 15-6 Figure 15-6   ​ ​ -Refer to Figure 15-6. What is the monopoly price and quantity? A) Price = X; quantity = J B) Price = Y; quantity = K C) Price = Y; quantity = J D) Price = Z; quantity = J ​ ​ -Refer to Figure 15-6. What is the monopoly price and quantity?


A) Price = X; quantity = J
B) Price = Y; quantity = K
C) Price = Y; quantity = J
D) Price = Z; quantity = J

E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

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Figure 15-10 ​ Figure 15-10 ​   ​ -Refer to Figure 15-10. If the firm profit-maximizes, what amount of output will it produce? ​ -Refer to Figure 15-10. If the firm profit-maximizes, what amount of output will it produce?

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Figure 15-4 Figure 15-4   ​ ​ -Refer to Figure 15-4. How much output will the monopolist produce in order to maximize profit? A) 0 B) N C) O D) P ​ ​ -Refer to Figure 15-4. How much output will the monopolist produce in order to maximize profit?


A) 0
B) N
C) O
D) P

E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

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