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An investment's rate of return is positively related to the price paid for it.

A) True
B) False

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Arbitrage activities will make the price of the asset with the higher initial return increase, while the price of the asset with the lower return will decrease.

A) True
B) False

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The Security Market Line (SML) is upward-sloping, indicating that the


A) beta of an investment increases as its risk level increases.
B) average expected return on investments decreases as their risk level decreases.
C) average expected return on the risk-free asset increases as its beta increases.
D) average expected return of the market portfolio increases as its beta increases.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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Arbitrage occurs when investors try to profit from situations where


A) stock rates of return exceed bond rates of return.
B) bond rates of return exceed stock rates of return.
C) two identical assets have different rates of return.
D) returns on financial assets exceed returns on real assets.

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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The "time value" of money is based on the fact that prices may increase over time.

A) True
B) False

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Which of the following would be the best brief definition of present value?


A) assets minus liabilities incurred to acquire the assets
B) benefits of an investment minus its costs
C) the sum of all the past values of an asset
D) the current value of the expected future returns on an asset

E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

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Economic investment refers to


A) buying a financial asset for a gain.
B) selling a financial asset for a gain.
C) postponing purchases of goods and services.
D) making new additions to a firm's stock of capital.

E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

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Suppose two corporate bonds with similar risk pay different rates of return.The process of arbitrage should


A) not affect their rates of return.
B) increase the return on the asset with the higher rate of return as the demand for it increases.
C) increase the gap between the two rates of return.
D) eventually equalize their rates of return.

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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Compound interest refers to the multiple interest rates an investor will be paid in a diversified portfolio.

A) True
B) False

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Which one of the following is an example of a financial investment but not an economic investment?


A) renovating a shopping mall
B) constructing an addition to a petroleum refinery
C) building a new store
D) buying gold to sell later at a higher price

E) None of the above
F) A) and C)

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Arbitrage is the process by which investors simultaneously sell


A) assets with higher rates of return and buy otherwise identical assets with lower rates of return.
B) assets with lower rates of return and buy otherwise identical assets with higher rates of return.
C) riskier assets and buy less risky assets.
D) less risky assets and buy riskier assets.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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According to The International Country Risk Guide, financial assets in


A) low-income economies tend to be less risky than in high-income economies.
B) low-income economies tend to be riskier than in high-income economies.
C) low-income economies tend to be about the same level of risk as in high-income economies.
D) all countries carry about the same level of risk.

E) All of the above
F) B) and D)

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Diversifiable risk refers to risk


A) faced by a portfolio in general.
B) that can be reduced with appropriate fiscal and monetary policy.
C) posed by business cycle fluctuations.
D) specific to a particular investment.

E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

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The fact that people prefer to consume in the present rather than the future is referred to as time preference.

A) True
B) False

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Suppose stock A sells for $50 per share and pays dividends of $2 per share per year.Stock B sells for $100 per share and pays dividends of $4 per share per year.Through the process of arbitrage, we would expect the price of


A) stock A to fall and/or the price of stock B to rise.
B) stock A to rise and/or the price of stock B to fall.
C) both stocks to rise or fall together.
D) neither stock to change.

E) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

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An asset's price and rate of return are directly related.

A) True
B) False

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Calculate the present value of an asset worth $2,000 four years from now if the interest rate is 6 percent.


A) $2,480
B) $2,524.95
C) $1,584.19
D) $1,520

E) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

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Jacob is holding an investment he bought for $1,000 that has a 60 percent chance of gaining $200 in value and a 40 percent chance of losing $40.Jacob's average expected rate of return on this investment is


A) 8 percent.
B) 10.4 percent.
C) 12.2 percent.
D) 24 percent.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Correct Answer

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The key difference between bonds and stocks is that stocks' income streams are more predictable than those of bonds.

A) True
B) False

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The so-called risk-free rate in financial markets is indicated by the rate of return on short-term U.S.government bonds.

A) True
B) False

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