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Banks lost money during the mortgage default crisis because


A) of defaulted loans to investors in mortgage-backed securities.
B) they held mortgage-backed securities they had purchased from investment firms.
C) homebuyers defaulted on mortgages held by the banks.
D) of all of these reasons.

E) C) and D)
F) All of the above

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The so-called moral-hazard problem in financial management refers to the fact that managers will tend to take on more risk if they know that they are somehow insured against some or all of their losses.

A) True
B) False

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The Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection was created in 2010 to become part of the


A) U.S.Treasury Department.
B) Federal Reserve System.
C) Department of Commerce.
D) Office of the President.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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The Financial Crisis of 2007-2008 was triggered by problems in the dot-com sector of the economy.

A) True
B) False

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Currency held within banks is part of


A) both the M1 and M2 definitions of the money supply.
B) the M2 definition of the money supply only.
C) the M1 definition of the money supply only.
D) neither the M1 nor the M2 definition of the money supply.

E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

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Commercial banks and thrift institutions


A) differ because thrifts cannot make loans.
B) differ because thrifts cannot offer checkable deposits.
C) have become less similar in recent years.
D) have become increasingly similar in recent years.

E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

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Laws passed in the late 1990s restricted the activities of financial firms to narrowly defined services they could provide, prompting the financial crisis of 2007 and 2008.

A) True
B) False

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Checkable deposits are


A) debts of commercial banks and savings institutions.
B) debts of the Federal government and government agencies.
C) assets of the Federal government and government agencies.
D) assets of commercial banks and savings institutions.

E) B) and D)
F) None of the above

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To say that coins are "token money" means that


A) their face value is less than their intrinsic value.
B) their face value is greater than their intrinsic value.
C) their face value is equal to their intrinsic value.
D) they are not legal tender.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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The so-called near monies have the following characteristics, except


A) highly liquid assets.
B) not a means of payment.
C) part of money supply M1.
D) readily converted into cash.

E) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

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The Financial Crisis of 2007-2008 halted the consolidation in the U.S.financial industry that had caused a declining number but increasing size of firms in the industry prior to the crisis.

A) True
B) False

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Securitization, the process of forming new securities by bundling or slicing up groups of securities like mortgages and bonds, is


A) a way of reducing risk through diversification.
B) well understood by financial analysts and managers who engaged in it.
C) considered shady by legitimate financial institutions.
D) still only a minor portion of the modern financial system.

E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

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The amount of money reported as M2


A) is smaller than the amount reported as M1.
B) is larger than the amount reported as M1.
C) excludes coins and currency.
D) includes large ($100,000 or more) certificates of deposit.

E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

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Which group aids the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System in conducting monetary policy?


A) U.S.Treasury
B) U.S.Congress
C) Federal Advisory Council
D) Federal Open Market Committee

E) None of the above
F) B) and D)

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What function is money serving when you use it when you go shopping?


A) a store of value
B) a unit of account
C) a medium of deferred payment
D) a medium of exchange

E) A) and C)
F) All of the above

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The central authority of the U.S.banking system is the


A) Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) .
B) Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve.
C) Federal Monetary Authority.
D) Council of Economic Advisers.

E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

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The Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) is made up of


A) the chair of the Board of Governors along with the 12 presidents of the Federal Reserve Banks.
B) the seven members of the Board of Governors along with the president of the New York Federal Reserve Bank.
C) the seven members of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System along with the three members of the Council of Economic Advisers.
D) the seven members of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System along with the president of the New York Federal Reserve Bank and four other Federal Reserve Bank presidents on a rotating basis.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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(Last Word) During the financial crisis of 2007-2008, the Federal Reserve


A) suspended its role as lender of last resort so that the financial market could correct itself.
B) acquired the assets of a number of bankrupt firms.
C) served as a lender of last resort to solvent, but not insolvent, firms.
D) served as a lender of last resort to both solvent and insolvent firms.

E) None of the above
F) B) and D)

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Which of the following would be considered to be the most liquid?


A) checkable deposits
B) small time deposits
C) money market mutual funds
D) savings deposits

E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

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Coins in people's pockets and purses are


A) included in M1 but not in M2.
B) included both in M1 and in M2.
C) included in M2 but not in M1.
D) excluded from M1 and M2 because people can exchange them for Federal Reserve notes.

E) All of the above
F) None of the above

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