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Exam 10: Motivating Employees

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Question 41

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___________ attempts to increase task efficiency by breaking down jobs into simple steps and assigning people to each of those steps.

A) Job simplification
B) Job segmentation
C) Task restriction
D) Roundabout production

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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Question 42

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When unhappy employees leave a company, the firm normally ends up benefiting financially.

A) True
B) False

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Question 43

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Ramona works for a large Colorado ski equipment warehouse. In the past, her only chance to learn how she was doing on the job came during fairly superficial performance reviews with her boss twice a year. The company recently implemented a policy designed to give Ramona and other employees detailed information about their job performance on a monthly basis. This suggests that the ski equipment retailer now provides Ramona and her co-workers with more:

When asked why they change jobs, nearly 80% of those surveyed said they felt a lack of appreciation.

You are a graduate teaching assistant in the biology department at Fairview University. You have several graduate student friends who have graduate appointments in the business department and the English department. While everyone's compensation and employee benefits are exactly the same, your department requires you to always show up and tutor students at least four hours each day and to serve on one university committee each semester. Graduates students at the other departments are not required by their management to follow these rules. Lately, you are doing your best to limit your daily obligation to 2½ to 3 hours each day. The motivational theory that most closely correlates with your actions is:

Baby Boomers as managers need to understand that:

The management by objectives model devised by Peter Drucker works best in a dynamic, rapidly changing business environment, where management makes short-term plans.

The central idea behind MBO (management by objectives) is that employees motivate themselves through the process toward goal achievement.

As the new general manager at Backstreet Books, Chloe wants the sales associates to perceive her style as open and friendly. Which of the following would not be helpful to her cause?

Theory Z emphasizes reliance on individual creativity and initiative rather than collective decision making.

Mini-Case The first meeting between the new CEO of Idle Time Gaming, Inc., John Noble, and Howie Spradlin, the production manager, did not go smoothly. The purpose of the meeting was to discuss the problem of declining productivity and to develop a strategy to turn the situation around. Howie started the conversation by handing Mr. Noble the most recent production report. "I've always thought that most of our employees were lazy, and now I've got proof," Howie stated. "We pay these guys the highest wages in the industry, provide them with a safe place to work, and make the job as simple as possible. We aren't asking these guys to do brain surgery, but productivity still lags and our production costs increase. I've told all the supervisors to watch these lazy bums every second to make sure they put in a full day's work. If those guys think I'm going to let them get away with goofing off, they're in for a rude awakening." CEO Noble responded in a way that surprised Howie. "Maybe these employees aren't lazy, Howie, maybe they are just bored and resent the way we've treated them," he said. "The employees are experienced and well trained. They might work harder and smarter if the work were more interesting and rewarding. Their attitudes might even improve if we treated them with more respect. Maybe one of the best ways for you and me to understand where they're coming from is to spend some time alongside them." For the next hour, the two discussed ways to improve worker motivation and performance. Howie left the meeting with an unsettled feeling. Many of Mr. Noble's suggestions seemed naïve to Howie. "Mr. Noble is the boss, but I think he is too optimistic regarding human nature," Howie mused. Reluctantly, Howie had to admit that his own approach had not succeeded in improving the plant's performance. He decided to take a hard look at some of Mr. Noble's ideas. -Currently, jobs at Idle Time Gaming are broken into small individual steps, and each employee is assigned to perform a different step in an effort to achieve task efficiency. This technique is known as job:

The Hawthorne studies concluded that worker motivation:

Compare the assumptions Theory X makes about employees with those of Theory Y. How do these different assumptions influence management styles?

In reinforcement theory, reprimands and reductions in pay are examples of negative reinforcements.

Gen Xers, Millennials, and Gen Zers often expect change and may find the lack of change questionable.

Expectancy theory says that employees will be motivated if (1) they can actually achieve the task; (2) they will be rewarded for their achievement; and (3) the reward will be worthy of their effort.

Herzberg's research found that improvements in the work environment were a more effective way to motivate employees than improvements in job content.

William Ouchi believed that a pure Type J approach to management would not work in the United States because it:

Ramon works at Chicago Medical Instruments. His job was recently redefined so that he now has more flexibility in the hours he works and more say in the procedures used on the job. This suggests that Chicago Medical Instruments is trying to change Ramon's job so that it has more:

Inequity in the workplace is likely to result in: