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The most commonly reported STI in the United States is ______.


A) genital herpes
B) HIV infection
C) Chlamydia infection
D) gonorrhea
E) syphilis

F) None of the above
G) A) and E)

Correct Answer

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Which is not a characteristic of spirochetes?


A) All cells have a cell wall.
B) All are pathogenic.
C) The cells stain gram-negative.
D) The cells are always motile.
E) The cells exhibit a helical shape.

F) All of the above
G) A) and B)

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Trichomonas vaginalis is a ______.


A) bacterium
B) protozoan
C) helminth
D) fungus

E) All of the above
F) None of the above

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Neisseria gonorrhoeae is _______.


A) the cause of ophthalmia neonatorum
B) the cause of gonorrhea
C) called the gonococcus
D) virulent due to fimbriae and a protease that inactivates IgA
E) All of the choices are correct.

F) D) and E)
G) B) and D)

Correct Answer

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The rash of secondary syphilis _______.


A) only lasts a few days
B) does not impair function
C) can last for months
D) is intensely painful
E) causes severe itching

F) A) and E)
G) B) and D)

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You, a 29-year-old sexually active male, have discovered some small vesicles on the penis. They are ?uid-?lled, red, and very painful. This is the second time that you have seen this. The ?rst time around, about 2 months ago, you saw them but managed to ignore them. The lesions went away-- no doctor, no treatment. But here they are again. You think that perhaps you picked up This infection six months ago, the last time that you had sex. Identify the likely infection.


A) HSV-2 infection
B) Chlamydia
C) HSV-1 infection
D) Syphilis
E) Candidiasis

F) A) and B)
G) B) and C)

Correct Answer

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The best method for culturing Chlamydia is _______.


A) a minimal, defined selective medium
B) to incubate the medium at slighty lower than body temperature
C) enrichment through several rounds of blood culture
D) eukaryotic cell culture

E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Correct Answer

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The secondary stage of syphilis _______.


A) is a time when the pathogen enters and multiplies in the blood
B) is when gummas develop in tissues
C) occurs within 10 days of the primary stage
D) has no symptoms
E) is when the patient is no longer infectious to others

F) B) and C)
G) A) and B)

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All of the following are signs and symptoms of urinary tract infection except ______.


A) diarrhea
B) painful urination
C) white blood cells in urine
D) nausea
E) red blood cells in urine

F) A) and E)
G) A) and B)

Correct Answer

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Why does the microbiota of the reproductive tract change as the female ages from childhood to adulthood to old age?


A) Her estrogen and progesterone levels change over time.
B) The pH of the vagina changes over time.
C) The microbes in the vagina change the environment, which affects the populations of microbes living there.
D) Post-menopausal women have a stable microbiota.
E) All of these statements are true.

F) A) and E)
G) D) and E)

Correct Answer

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Which of the following is not a part of the male genital (reproductive) system?


A) Vas deferens
B) Epididymis
C) Prostate
D) Ureter

E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

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Which of the following characteristics can distinguish vaginitis and vaginosis?


A) Causative agent
B) Presence of vaginal inflammation
C) Presence of discharge
D) All of the choices are correct.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Correct Answer

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Chlamydia infection can lead to cervicitis, salpingitis, and pelvic inflammatory disease.

A) True
B) False

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Chancroid _______.


A) is caused by a spirochete
B) is caused by Haemophilus ducreyi
C) is very painful in both sexes
D) presents with a hard chancre

E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

Correct Answer

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As a couple, you have been trying to get pregnant for a few years, but there appears to be a medical cause for the infertility. After a full checkup, your doctor tells you that there is scar tissue in the uterine tubes. What disease is the most likely cause of this problem?


A) Gonorrhea
B) Leptospirosis
C) Trichomoniasis
D) Syphilis

E) A) and D)
F) None of the above

Correct Answer

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Which of the following statements regarding leptospirosis in incorrect?


A) It is most common in cattle, horses, pigs, and dogs.
B) The causative organism infects the kidneys, liver, brain, and eyes.
C) The causative organism is a spirochete.
D) It can be transmitted by animal bites.
E) Humans acquire it by contact with abraided skin or mucous membranes.

F) B) and C)
G) A) and C)

Correct Answer

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Chlamydia trachomatis causes _______.


A) nongonococcal urethritis in males
B) cervicitis in females
C) congenital conjunctivitis
D) pelvic inflammatory disease in females
E) All of the choices are correct.

F) None of the above
G) B) and D)

Correct Answer

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Which of the following statements is true regarding the male urethral biota?


A) There are no resident biota in the urethra.
B) The urethral biota is the same as the anal biota.
C) The urethral biota varies with sexual activity of the male.
D) The urethral biota in the male is exactly the same biota as in the female urethra.

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Correct Answer

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Chlamydia trachomatis is commonly transmitted by sexual activity.

A) True
B) False

Correct Answer

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In which of the following ways are Chlamydia and viruses the same?


A) Both are best treated with antiviral chemotherapy.
B) Both are able to reproduce only within a eukaryotic cell.
C) Both can remain dormant in the cell nucleus for long periods of time.
D) Both have surface proteins that cannot be recognized by the immune system.

E) A) and C)
F) C) and D)

Correct Answer

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