Question 1

The leukocyte histamine-release test (LHRT) measures the amount of histamine released from the patient's mast cells and eosinophils when exposed to a speci?c allergen.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Histamine causes all of the following except _______.

Accepted Answer

A)   pruritis and headache
B)   wheal and ﬂare reaction in skin
C)   constriction of smooth muscle of bronchi and the intestine
D)   increased sensitivity to pain
E)   relaxation of vascular smooth muscleF) B) and D)
G) All of the above

Question 3

You were out in the garage going through boxes when you were bitten by an a spider. You tell the doctor that the spider was tiny and black, causing the doctor to think perhaps that it was a black widow spider. The doctor gives you an injection of antibody to the spider venom to give you immediate protection. The antibody is produced in horses by injecting them with small doses of the spider venom, causing the horse's immune system to make large amounts of speci?c antibody to the antigen. The horse serum is then puri?ed before being given to humans.
A week later, you notice a red rash spreading away from the injection spot, where the doctor gave you the anti-venom shot. A few days later, the rash has spread and swelling in also present. You have joint pain as well as sore muscles all over your body. The lymph nodes in the armpit are
Swollen and painful. Going back to the doctor, he diagnoses you with _______.

Accepted Answer

A)   a delayed type hypersensitivity mediated by cytotoxic T cells along with helper T cells
B)   serum sickness
C)   Arthus reaction
D)   anaphylactic shock
E)   a Staphylococcus infection related to the spider biteF) D) and E)
G) None of the above

Question 4

All of the following can result in acquired immune deﬁciency except ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   stress
B)   radiation treatment
C)   enzyme deﬁciency
D)   bacterial infection
E)   malnutritionF) C) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 5

Myasthenia gravis disease arises from the production of autoantibodies against _______.

Accepted Answer

A)   sodium pump proteins in the cell membrane
B)   cells in thyroid follicles
C)   acetylcholine receptors on skeletal muscle
D)   acetylcholine receptors on smooth muscle
E)   myelin sheath cells of the nervous systemF) A) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 6

The tuberculin reaction develops within 30 minutes of the skin test in people with prior sensitization due to tuberculosis infection.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Contact dermatitis involves _______.

Accepted Answer

A)   a sensitizing and provocative dose
B)   an allergen entering the skin
C)   T lymphocytes secreting inﬂammatory cytokines
D)   the production of itchy papules and blisters
E)   All of the choices are correct.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 8

During graft rejection, cytotoxic T cells of the recipient recognize and respond to foreign class I MHC receptors on the grafted cells.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Severe combined immunodeﬁciencies (SCIDs)  are due to _______.

Accepted Answer

A)   autoantibodies
B)   delayed hypersensitivity
C)   congenital absence or immaturity of the thymus gland
D)   a genetic defect in the development of both T cells and B cells
E)   failure of B-cell development and maturityF) A) and C)
G) D) and E)

Question 10

The initial encounter with an allergen is called the _______ dose.

Accepted Answer

A)   sensitizing
B)   provocative
C)   allergic
D)   hypersensitivity
E)   desensitizingF) B) and D)
G) All of the above

Question 11

In systemic lupus erythematosis (called lupus) , complexes of antibody and antigen form, and these immune complexes insert themselves into small blood vessels, joints, heart, and kidney, causing damage to the organ tissue. The course of the disease is unpredictable, with periods of illness alternating with remissions. How is lupus, a type III autoimmune disease, similar to the tuberculin reaction, a type IV hypersensitivity reaction?

Accepted Answer

A)   Both lupus and the tuberculin reaction are immediate hypersensitivities, occurring within a few hours.
B)   Both lupus and the tuberculin reaction involve large amounts of antibody production.
C)   The mechanism of both lupus and the tuberculin reaction involve large amounts of in?ammatory chemicals released into tissue.
D)   Both lupus and the tuberculin reaction utilize IgE in their mechanisms.E) B) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 12

Which of the following is not a target for immune complex deposition?

Accepted Answer

A)   Joints
B)   Blood vessels and skin
C)   Heart and lungs
D)   Kidneys
E)   BrainF) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

Question 13

Which event represents the process of releasing chemical mediators?

Accepted Answer

A)   Prostaglandins causing vasodilation and increased vascular permeability
B)   Degranulation
C)   Binding of IgE by the Fc region to mast cells and basophils
D)   Binding of allergen to adjacent IgE binding sites on mast cells and basophils
E)   Histamine acting on smooth muscleF) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

Question 14

Which of the following pairs is mismatched?

Accepted Answer

A)   Transfusion reaction - type II hypersensitivity
B)   Serum sickness - type III hypersensitivity
C)   Hay fever - type IV hypersensitivity
D)   Poison ivy dermatitis - type IV hypersensitivity
E)   Food allergy - type I hypersensitivityF) C) and D)
G) None of the above

Question 15

Degranulation of mast cells leads to _______.

Accepted Answer

A)   decreased mucus production
B)   lymph node swelling
C)   constricted bronchioles
D)   constriction of blood vesselsE) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 16

Which of the following is not a possible explanation for the origin of autoimmune diseases?

Accepted Answer

A)   Sequestered antigens
B)   Forbidden clones
C)   Molecular mimicry
D)   The gut microbiome
E)   All the choices are currently being investigated as possible explanations.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 17

Once a mother has been sensitized to the Rh factor, _______.

Accepted Answer

A)   all other Rh+ fetuses are at risk
B)   she can be given RhoGAM in future pregnancies to prevent hemolytic disease of the newborn
C)   she can never again have a low risk pregnancy
D)   only future Rh- fetuses are at risk
E)   None of the choices are correct.F) B) and D)
G) D) and E)

Question 18

The chemical mediator that causes prolonged bronchospasm, vascular permeability, and mucus secretion of asthmatic patients is ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   prostaglandin
B)   serotonin
C)   leukotriene
D)   platelet-activating factor
E)   histamineF) A) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 19

Epinephrine _______.

Accepted Answer

A)   inhibits the activity of lymphocytes
B)   causes desensitization
C)   is an antihistamine
D)   reverses constriction of airwaysE) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 20

SCID is deﬁned by a lack of functional B and T cells which eliminates protection by humoral and cell-mediated immunity. Which of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

A)   A genetic defect disrupts the development of the lymphocytic cell lines.
B)   A genetic mutation renders the individual incapable of removing a toxic DNA metabolite from lymphocytes, which ultimately destroys them.
C)   Genes coding for B and T cell receptors are mutated so the cells are incapable of binding antigens.
D)   Genes that code for interleukin receptors are mutated so the individual's B and T cells do not receive the activation signals, rendering them useless.
E)   All of the choices describe cases of SCID.F) B) and D)
G) A) and B)

Exam 16: Disorders in Immunity

Contact dermatitis involves _______.

Correct Answer
verified

Severe combined immunodeﬁciencies (SCIDs) are due to _______.

Correct Answer
verified

SCID is deﬁned by a lack of functional B and T cells which eliminates protection by humoral and cell-mediated immunity. Which of the following is true?

Correct Answer
verified

Degranulation of mast cells leads to _______.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

The chemical mediator that causes prolonged bronchospasm, vascular permeability, and mucus secretion of asthmatic patients is ______.

Correct Answer
verified

Histamine causes all of the following except _______.

Correct Answer
verified

Once a mother has been sensitized to the Rh factor, _______.

Correct Answer
verified

All of the following can result in acquired immune deﬁciency except ______.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is not a target for immune complex deposition?

Correct Answer
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Which of the following pairs is mismatched?

Correct Answer
verified

The leukocyte histamine-release test (LHRT) measures the amount of histamine released from the patient's mast cells and eosinophils when exposed to a speci?c allergen.

Correct Answer
verified

Epinephrine _______.

Correct Answer
verified

During graft rejection, cytotoxic T cells of the recipient recognize and respond to foreign class I MHC receptors on the grafted cells.

Correct Answer
verified

The tuberculin reaction develops within 30 minutes of the skin test in people with prior sensitization due to tuberculosis infection.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

The initial encounter with an allergen is called the _______ dose.

Correct Answer
verified

Which event represents the process of releasing chemical mediators?

Correct Answer
verified

Myasthenia gravis disease arises from the production of autoantibodies against _______.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is not a possible explanation for the origin of autoimmune diseases?

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 16: Disorders in Immunity

Contact dermatitis involves _______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Severe combined immunodeﬁciencies (SCIDs) are due to _______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

SCID is deﬁned by a lack of functional B and T cells which eliminates protection by humoral and cell-mediated immunity. Which of the following is true?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Degranulation of mast cells leads to _______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The chemical mediator that causes prolonged bronchospasm, vascular permeability, and mucus secretion of asthmatic patients is ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Histamine causes all of the following except _______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Once a mother has been sensitized to the Rh factor, _______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All of the following can result in acquired immune deﬁciency except ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is not a target for immune complex deposition?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following pairs is mismatched?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The leukocyte histamine-release test (LHRT) measures the amount of histamine released from the patient's mast cells and eosinophils when exposed to a speci?c allergen.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Epinephrine _______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

During graft rejection, cytotoxic T cells of the recipient recognize and respond to foreign class I MHC receptors on the grafted cells.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The tuberculin reaction develops within 30 minutes of the skin test in people with prior sensitization due to tuberculosis infection.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The initial encounter with an allergen is called the _______ dose.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which event represents the process of releasing chemical mediators?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Myasthenia gravis disease arises from the production of autoantibodies against _______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is not a possible explanation for the origin of autoimmune diseases?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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