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Exam 7: Microbial Nutrition and Growth

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Question 31

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The movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of lower concentration is called ______.

A) osmosis
B) endocytosis
C) active transport
D) facilitated diffusion
E) diffusion

F) None of the above
G) B) and C)

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Question 32

Multiple Choice

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The movement of substances from higher to lower concentration across a semipermeable membrane via a specific protein carrier but without energy expenditure is called ______.

A) osmosis
B) diffusion
C) facilitated diffusion
D) endocytosis
E) active transport

F) B) and E)
G) B) and C)

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Question 33

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After using jelly on a sandwich, you close the jar and place it on a room temperature shelf instead of in the refrigerator. When you open the jar several weeks later, you notice microbial growth on the surface. What type of organism is likely to grow in this environment?

Saprobes do not need a carbon source for growth and metabolism.

A loopful of bacteria containing 1000 bacterial cells is inoculated into a nutrient broth and incubated. After a negligible lag phase, the culture goes into exponential growth for two hours. The generation time for the bacterium is ?fteen minutes. Which equation is the correct one to determine the number of cells present after two hours of log phase growth?

The time interval from parent cell to two new daughter cells is called ______.

Most microorganisms can only grow in habitats that are similar to human body conditions.

When microbes are in a close nutritional relationship and one benefits but the other is not harmed, it is called ______.

Facilitated diffusion is limited by _______.

Cultures of a bacterial strain were incubated in a refrigerator (5°C) , on a lab bench (22°C) , in a 37°C incubator, and in a 50°C incubator. After incubation, there was no growth at 37°C and 50°C, slight growth in the refrigerator, and abundant growth on the lab bench top. Which term best describes This organism?

A barophile would grow best in ______.

Endospore-forming bacteria like Bacillus species begin the sporulation process with an asymmetric cell division to produce two cells with different fates. One will differentiate into the endospore, and the other is the sporangium that will ultimately lyse to release the mature endospore. During this asymmetric cell division, one of the compartments does not receive an intact copy of the chromosome. Which compartment can function with only part of the genome and why?

The time it takes for a freshly inoculated agar culture to develop visible colonies is primarily governed by the generation time of that species.

A bacterium is inoculated into a tube of thioglycollate and incubated. After incubation, turbidity appears throughout, top to bottom, with the greatest turbidty at the very top. This bacterium would be called a(n) ______.

A saprobe differs from a parasite in that _______.

The majority of microbes live and grow in habitats between pH 7 and 9.

What is the difference between mutualism and synergism?

After binary fission, daughter cells will differ genetically.

Whether an organism is an autotroph or heterotroph depends on its source of nitrogen.

Which of the following is not a step in binary fission of bacterial cells?