Question 1

An organism that can exist in both oxygen and oxygen-free environments is a/an ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   aerobe
B)   microaerophile
C)   facultative anaerobe
D)   obligate anaerobe
E)   obligate aerobeF) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 2

Contractile vacuoles are _______.

Accepted Answer

A)   used to expel excess water from cells
B)   found in bacterial cells
C)   important to certain organisms in hypertonic environments
D)   protein carriers in cell membranes
E)   used to bring solutes into a cellF) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 3

You want to experiment with microbial growth in various nutrients, so you inoculate a loopful of E. coli into a tube of honey. Which statement best describes what you expect to happen and why?

Accepted Answer

A)   E. coli does grow because it has been dehydrated by the honey.
B)   E. coli do not grow because there is only sugar in the honey and no other nutrients.
C)   E. coli grows well in the honey because fructose is a good carbon source.
D)   E. coli will not grow because the excessive sugar is toxic.E) All of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 4

The methanogens, producers of methane gas, require environments that _______.

Accepted Answer

A)   are extremely cold
B)   are very acidic
C)   have abundant oxygen and CO₂
D)   are directly exposed to sunlight
E)   are anaerobic with hydrogen gas and CO₂F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 5

Nutrient absorption is mediated by the ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   cell membrane
B)   peptidoglycan layer
C)   cell wall
D)   nuclear membrane
E)   proteins in the periplasmic spaceF) A) and E)
G) B) and E)

Question 6

Termites are insects that require the protozoan Trichonympha in their gut to synthesize the enzyme cellulase to degrade the cellulose in wood. The protozoan uses the end products of the cellulose breakdown (glucose) . This is a/an ______ relationship.

Accepted Answer

A)   mutualistic
B)   parasitic
C)   commensualistic
D)   antagonisticE) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 7

Which of the following microorganisms would ﬁnd hypotonic conditions most damaging?

Accepted Answer

A)   Bacteria
B)   Protozoa
C)   Cyanobacteria
D)   Fungi
E)   AlgaeF) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

Question 8

As described in "A Note About Bacterial Reproduction -- and the "Culture Bias,"" the organism Epulopiscium does not divide by binary ?ssion. Rather, each cell increases in size and divides to produce multiple daughter cells that are held within the original cell well. After lysis, those daughters are released to repeat the process. Assuming Epulopiscium could be grown in pure
Culture in the laboratory in broth and on solid media (it currently cannot) , which method would be best for measuring the increase in biomass during growth?

Accepted Answer

A)   The viable plate count; each colony derives from a single cell and the number of colonies equals the number of cells.
B)   Direct microscopic count; the experimenter can directly count the number of cells and extrapolate to the biomass.
C)   Turbidity readings from a spectrophotometer; the increase in biomass will directly vary with the turbidity of the culture.
D)   Chemostat growth; it will prevent the culture from entering the death phase.E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 9

Facilitated diffusion and active transport require a carrier protein to mediate the movement across the plasma membrane.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Human pathogens fall into the group called ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   thermophiles
B)   psychrophiles
C)   halophiles
D)   acidophiles
E)   mesophilesF) A) and C)
G) A) and E)

Question 11

When whole cells or large molecules in solution are engulfed by a cell, this endocytosis is speciﬁcally termed ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   exocytosis
B)   facilitated transport
C)   phagocytosis
D)   pinocytosis
E)   facilitated diffusionF) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 12

Microbes in a bioﬁlm use quorum sensing to _______.

Accepted Answer

A)   attach to surfaces
B)   inactivate antibiotic molecules
C)   transfer genetic material among individual cells
D)   assess the size of a particular microbial populationE) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

Question 13

Bacteria living in a freshwater stream that are transferred to ocean water would _______.

Accepted Answer

A)   become dehydrated due to the loss of water
B)   gain water
C)   be in an isotonic solution
D)   be in a hypotonic solutionE) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 14

An organic nutrient that cannot be synthesized by the organism and must be provided is called a/an ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   macronutrient
B)   growth factor
C)   element
D)   trace element
E)   compoundF) B) and C)
G) C) and D)

Question 15

Whether an organism is a phototroph or a chemotroph depends on its source of energy.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Growth factors _______.

Accepted Answer

A)   are inorganic
B)   are synthesized by the organism
C)   contain elemental oxygen
D)   cannot be synthesized by the organism
E)   All of the choices are correct.F) A) and B)
G) D) and E)

Question 17

Which organism has a challenge to maintain cellular electrolyte and ﬂuid balance in its environment?

Accepted Answer

A)   A protozoan in a fresh water lake
B)   A bacterium in a fresh-water lake
C)   A bacterium in Great Salt Lake
D)   All of the choices are correct.E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 18

Microorganisms require small quantities of ______ for enzyme function and maintenance of protein structure.

Accepted Answer

A)   macronutrients
B)   trace elements
C)   growth factors
D)   water
E)   electrolytesF) B) and C)
G) A) and D)

Question 19

You inoculate a bacterium into three tubes of nutrient broth medium containing added salt: 0.5% NaCl, 5% NaCl, and 15% NaCl. After incubation, you notice signi?cant turbidity in the 15% NaCl medium and modest turbidity in the 5% NaCl medium. There is no growth in the third tube. This organism would be termed ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   barophilic
B)   osmophobic
C)   halophilic
D)   haloduricE) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 20

Calcium is required for bacteria because it _______.

Accepted Answer

A)   makes strong cell walls
B)   maintains cellular pH
C)   stabilizes the nucleoid
D)   stabilizes the cell wall
E)   stabilizes the ribosomesF) B) and E)
G) A) and D)

Exam 7: Microbial Nutrition and Growth

Human pathogens fall into the group called ______.

Correct Answer
verified

Contractile vacuoles are _______.

Correct Answer
verified

Calcium is required for bacteria because it _______.

Correct Answer
verified

Bacteria living in a freshwater stream that are transferred to ocean water would _______.

Correct Answer
verified

You want to experiment with microbial growth in various nutrients, so you inoculate a loopful of E. coli into a tube of honey. Which statement best describes what you expect to happen and why?

Correct Answer
verified

Facilitated diffusion and active transport require a carrier protein to mediate the movement across the plasma membrane.

Correct Answer
verified

Nutrient absorption is mediated by the ______.

Correct Answer
verified

Growth factors _______.

Correct Answer
verified

Termites are insects that require the protozoan Trichonympha in their gut to synthesize the enzyme cellulase to degrade the cellulose in wood. The protozoan uses the end products of the cellulose breakdown (glucose) . This is a/an ______ relationship.

Correct Answer
verified

Whether an organism is a phototroph or a chemotroph depends on its source of energy.

Correct Answer
verified

Which organism has a challenge to maintain cellular electrolyte and ﬂuid balance in its environment?

Correct Answer
verified

The methanogens, producers of methane gas, require environments that _______.

Correct Answer
verified

An organic nutrient that cannot be synthesized by the organism and must be provided is called a/an ______.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Microorganisms require small quantities of ______ for enzyme function and maintenance of protein structure.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following microorganisms would ﬁnd hypotonic conditions most damaging?

Correct Answer
verified

An organism that can exist in both oxygen and oxygen-free environments is a/an ______.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Microbes in a bioﬁlm use quorum sensing to _______.

Correct Answer
verified

When whole cells or large molecules in solution are engulfed by a cell, this endocytosis is speciﬁcally termed ______.

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 7: Microbial Nutrition and Growth

Human pathogens fall into the group called ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Contractile vacuoles are _______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Calcium is required for bacteria because it _______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Bacteria living in a freshwater stream that are transferred to ocean water would _______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

You want to experiment with microbial growth in various nutrients, so you inoculate a loopful of E. coli into a tube of honey. Which statement best describes what you expect to happen and why?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Facilitated diffusion and active transport require a carrier protein to mediate the movement across the plasma membrane.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Nutrient absorption is mediated by the ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Growth factors _______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Termites are insects that require the protozoan Trichonympha in their gut to synthesize the enzyme cellulase to degrade the cellulose in wood. The protozoan uses the end products of the cellulose breakdown (glucose) . This is a/an ______ relationship.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Whether an organism is a phototroph or a chemotroph depends on its source of energy.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which organism has a challenge to maintain cellular electrolyte and ﬂuid balance in its environment?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The methanogens, producers of methane gas, require environments that _______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An organic nutrient that cannot be synthesized by the organism and must be provided is called a/an ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Microorganisms require small quantities of ______ for enzyme function and maintenance of protein structure.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following microorganisms would ﬁnd hypotonic conditions most damaging?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An organism that can exist in both oxygen and oxygen-free environments is a/an ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Microbes in a bioﬁlm use quorum sensing to _______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When whole cells or large molecules in solution are engulfed by a cell, this endocytosis is speciﬁcally termed ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
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