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Explain what the hierarchy of effects is. List and explain the five stages.

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The hierarchy of effects is the sequence...

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What are the strengths/advantages and weaknesses/disadvantages of using advertising in the promotional mix?

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Advertising is any paid form of nonperso...

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Allocating funds to promotion by matching the competitor's absolute level of spending or the proportion per point of market share is referred to as ________ budgeting.


A) percentage of sales
B) competitive parity
C) all-you-can-afford
D) objective and task
E) linear forecast

F) A) and C)
G) A) and E)

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"To inform" is the promotional objective of which stage of the product life cycle?


A) early growth
B) growth
C) accelerated development
D) maturity
E) introduction

F) All of the above
G) A) and B)

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Errors in communication can occur in several ways, including which of the following?


A) A properly encoded message may be sent through the wrong channel and never make it to the receiver.
B) In an attempt to be creative, the encoder creates a message with too much noise.
C) The communications channel is not properly funded.
D) The message is considered too ordinary because there is too broad a field of experience.
E) There is no interest on the part of the receiver because the product itself is inadequate.

F) A) and C)
G) B) and E)

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All of the following are tools used by a firm's public relations department except which?


A) special events
B) questionnaires
C) lobbying efforts
D) annual reports
E) image management

F) None of the above
G) All of the above

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Sales from which of the following direct marketing tools is growing the fastest at 33 percent?


A) mobile direct marketing
B) social network direct marketing
C) telemarketing
D) e-mail marketing
E) direct mail marketing

F) A) and E)
G) B) and E)

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The promotional objective of the decline stage of the product life cycle is to


A) inform.
B) persuade.
C) compare.
D) remind.
E) phase out.

F) B) and E)
G) B) and D)

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The promotion-to-sales ratio can be used by managers to make year-to-year comparisons of their programs, to compare the effectiveness of their programs with competitors' programs, or to make comparisons with


A) calculated break-even points.
B) estimated return on investments.
C) promotion-to-expense ratios.
D) industry averages.
E) advertising-to-sales promotion ratios.

F) A) and E)
G) A) and C)

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All of the following forms of direct marketing are used by consumers to purchase products except which?


A) social media posts
B) sweepstakes
C) online
D) mobile offers
E) mail

F) B) and E)
G) C) and D)

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  Figure 15-1 -Figure 15-1 above depicts the communication process, which consists of ten key elements (Boxes A through J) . The position labeled F is referred to as A)  the response. B)  the message. C)  the feedback loop. D)  the fields of experience. E)  feedback. Figure 15-1 -Figure 15-1 above depicts the communication process, which consists of ten key elements (Boxes A through J) . The position labeled F is referred to as


A) the response.
B) the message.
C) the feedback loop.
D) the fields of experience.
E) feedback.

F) None of the above
G) C) and D)

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Press conferences and social media posts are tools used by a firm's ________ department.


A) advertising
B) sales promotion
C) direct marketing
D) public relations
E) personal selling

F) A) and B)
G) B) and D)

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The formula to calculate a promotion-to-sales ratio is: Total promotion expenditures divided by


A) Total marketing costs.
B) Marginal revenue.
C) Average revenue.
D) Net sales.
E) Total sales.

F) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

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Sales promotion refers to


A) a short-term inducement of value offered to arouse interest in buying a product or service.
B) a single-themed IMC campaign employing multiple advertising and personal selling strategies.
C) individualized communications programs that are specifically designed with a single customer in mind because the item being sold is unique to that customer.
D) a long-term inducement of value offered to build and sustain loyal customer relationships.
E) a sequence of value inducements aimed at retaining channel members.

F) C) and D)
G) D) and E)

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After watching a 30-second commercial from Jared for fine jewelry, Mariah was certain the necklace she saw would look spectacular with her new formal dress. In terms of the communication process, Mariah engaged in the process of


A) integrating
B) sending.
C) decoding.
D) messaging.
E) encoding.

F) B) and C)
G) C) and D)

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Advertising, sales promotion, and public relations are often said to use ________ because they are used with groups of prospective buyers.


A) cooperative selling
B) mass selling
C) customized selling
D) collection selling
E) paid selling

F) B) and E)
G) A) and C)

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In the hierarchy of effects, trial refers to


A) the consumer's ability to recognize and remember the product or brand name.
B) the consumer's appraisal of the product or brand on important attributes.
C) the consumer's first actual purchase and use of the product or brand.
D) an increase in the consumer's desire to learn about some of the features of the product or brand.
E) a favorable experience on the first trial, resulting in the consumer's repeated purchase and use of the product or brand.

F) B) and D)
G) A) and B)

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Procter & Gamble Co. created an advertisement for its Old Spice Krakengard Wild antiperspirant. In terms of the communication process, the ________ in the ad informed prospective customers that the antiperspirant offered more protection than other brands.


A) lesson
B) message
C) meme
D) source
E) feedback

F) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

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In the communication process, printing mistakes that affect the meaning of a newspaper advertisement, or using words or pictures that fail to communicate the message clearly, are referred to as


A) noise.
B) clutter.
C) disruptions.
D) distortions.
E) misrepresentations.

F) A) and D)
G) C) and D)

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An offer that contain all the information necessary for a prospective buyer to make a decision to purchase and complete the transaction may result in


A) a direct order.
B) lead generation.
C) traffic generation.
D) a data compilation.
E) a prospect bid.

F) B) and D)
G) C) and E)

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