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The four stages of the retail life cycle are


A) introduction, growth, maturity, and decline.
B) awareness, inquiry, alternative evaluation, and purchase.
C) early growth, accelerated development, maturity, and decline.
D) innovation, standardization, adaptation, and obsolescence.
E) innovation, adaptation, imitation, and obsolescence.

F) B) and D)
G) A) and B)

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There are three general forms of retail ownership: contractual system, independent retailer, and


A) dual ownership.
B) industry consortium.
C) retailing cooperative.
D) multinational cartel.
E) corporate chain.

F) C) and E)
G) A) and C)

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The four major types of limited-service merchant wholesalers are drop shippers, rack jobbers, truck jobbers, and


A) machine vendors.
B) credit line wholesalers.
C) transport vendors.
D) cash and carry wholesalers.
E) container transport vendors.

F) None of the above
G) B) and D)

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Markdowns can be used to


A) increase competition with other retailers in the immediate vicinity.
B) placate dissatisfied customers.
C) enhance customer perceptions of product quality.
D) increase demand for complementary products.
E) reduce the sense of urgency among repeat buyers.

F) B) and E)
G) B) and D)

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As part of their regular retail pricing strategy, some retailers will emphasize consistently low prices and eliminate most markdowns, a practice referred to as


A) everyday low pricing.
B) low-margin pricing.
C) everyday fair pricing.
D) value-based pricing.
E) maintained pricing.

F) A) and C)
G) A) and E)

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Companies such as Avon, Fuller Brush, Mary Kay, and World Book are examples of firms that use


A) interface marketing.
B) flex marketing.
C) direct selling.
D) interactive selling.
E) responsive selling.

F) B) and D)
G) None of the above

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Which type of outlet is most likely in its maturity stage of the retail life cycle?


A) single-price stores
B) value retail centers
C) online retailers
D) business-district retailers
E) convenience stores

F) D) and E)
G) B) and C)

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During which stage of the retail life cycle do companies establish multiple outlets?


A) decline
B) maturity
C) accelerated development
D) introduction
E) early growth

F) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

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A limited-service wholesaler that furnishes shelves that display merchandise in stores, performs all channel functions, and sells on consignment to retailers is referred to as a


A) stack loader.
B) rack jobber.
C) drop shipper.
D) desk jobber.
E) truck jobber.

F) A) and D)
G) A) and E)

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Which of the following is an example of nonstore retailing?


A) hypermarkets
B) supercenters
C) shopping centers
D) direct selling
E) general merchandise stores

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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The ability to shop over the Internet 24 hours a day, seven days a week, provides consumers with ________ utility.


A) form
B) time
C) convenience
D) possession
E) performance

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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Carla's Cards uses a ________ to sell and market the entire line of greeting cards. It designs promotional plans, sets prices, determines distribution policies, and makes recommendations to Carla on product strategy.


A) manufacturer's agent
B) broker
C) manufacturer's branch office
D) manufacturer's sales office
E) selling agent

F) A) and E)
G) C) and D)

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Which of the following retailers provide self-service to their customers?


A) Zipcar
B) Footlocker
C) Target
D) 7-11
E) Apple

F) C) and D)
G) D) and E)

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The oldest retail setting, located in the community's downtown area, is referred to as


A) the central business district.
B) main street.
C) the community square.
D) the economic center.
E) the historic commerce district.

F) B) and E)
G) B) and D)

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Walmart and The Home Depot emphasize consistently low prices and eliminate most markdowns with a retail pricing strategy called


A) low-margin pricing.
B) value-based pricing.
C) everyday low pricing.
D) everyday fair pricing.
E) markdown pricing.

F) All of the above
G) B) and E)

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Some retailers advocate ________ strategy, a pricing strategy that may not offer the lowest prices but does try to create value for customers through its service and the total buying experience.


A) a customer loyalty
B) a value emphasis
C) an everyday low pricing
D) a low-margin
E) an everyday fair pricing

F) A) and D)
G) C) and E)

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Describe several of the technical solutions that power today's "smart store."

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Smart stores use a variety of technical ...

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Retailing includes all activities involved in the


A) selling, renting, and providing of products and services to ultimate consumers for personal, family, or household use.
B) selling of tangible products to ultimate consumers for personal, family, or household use.
C) selling of tangible products to ultimate consumers for personal, household, or industrial use.
D) selling, renting, leasing, or reselling of products and services to ultimate consumers or small industrial users.
E) selling, renting, and providing of products and services without retaining the title to these offerings.

F) A) and D)
G) C) and E)

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Many fast-food retailers, including McDonald's and Burger King, have followed a predictable pattern of how new forms of retail outlets enter the marketplace. McDonald's has evolved from a relatively simple restaurant with low margins, low prices, limited product offerings, and low institutional status to a worldwide chain with higher margins, high status, and a diverse menu of products. This evolution of McDonald's restaurants is consistent with the


A) slow to fast-food restaurant evolutionary cycle.
B) revolution of retailing.
C) retail life cycle.
D) fast-food retail sequence.
E) wheel of retailing.

F) B) and D)
G) B) and E)

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Wells Fargo is one largest consumer banks in the United States. It reaches retail customers through 8,600 stores, a worldwide network of 13,000 ATMs, and its online banking service. Which utility does Wells Fargo best provide?


A) time
B) possession
C) place
D) form
E) performance

F) B) and C)
G) B) and E)

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