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According to the diffusion of innovation concept, early adopters


A) have a fear of debt and use neighbors and friends as information sources.
B) are skeptical and have below average social status.
C) are deliberate and use many informal social contacts.
D) are leaders in social settings and have a slightly above average education.
E) are venturesome, highly educated, and use multiple information sources.

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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When a company sells a new product with the current brand name to enter a new market segment in its product class, it is using a ________ strategy.


A) mixed branding
B) brand extension
C) co-branding
D) family branding
E) product line extension

F) None of the above
G) All of the above

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The Reynolds Wrap aluminum foil box has two side tabs that say "Press Here to Lock Roll" to keep the roll of foil in place during use. This demonstrates which elements of good packaging?


A) perceptual benefits and functional benefits
B) protection benefits and functional benefits
C) communication benefits and perceptual benefits
D) communication benefits and functional benefits
E) functional benefits and protection benefits

F) B) and D)
G) All of the above

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Which of the following statements about perceptual benefits conveyed by a product's packaging and labeling is false?


A) Packaging and labeling convey a brand's positioning and build brand equity.
B) Packaging and labeling have been shown to enhance brand recognition and facilitate the formation of strong, favorable, and unique brand associations.
C) The legal requirements for the conveyance of information are an important component of perceptual benefits.
D) Changes in packaging and labeling can update or uphold a brand's image in consumers' minds.
E) The color, shape, and graphics of a package or label can help distinguish one brand from another.

F) B) and D)
G) None of the above

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The McDonald's Corporation recently announced that it will begin phasing out the use of eggs from hens housed in cages. The company uses about two billion eggs annually, or a little more than 4 percent of the eggs produced in the United States. This change in McDonald's egg-containing products to appeal to healthy eating habits is a ________ strategy.


A) product modification
B) market-product grid
C) diversification
D) market modification
E) product class extension

F) A) and C)
G) B) and E)

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Mott's applesauce promotes itself as a low-fat alternative to cooking oil for baked goods. Mott's is


A) finding new users through a product modification strategy.
B) increasing use by existing customers through a product modification strategy.
C) modifying the product characteristics.
D) creating new use situations through a market modification strategy.
E) demarketing the product.

F) C) and D)
G) None of the above

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One of the primary benefits of branding for consumers is that branding


A) identifies products of highest quality.
B) guarantees lowest prices.
C) makes decision making easier for consumers.
D) indicates that products have more or newer features.
E) makes advertising and other promotion unnecessary.

F) None of the above
G) C) and D)

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What federal law protects the trademarks of a firm?


A) Sherman Act
B) Lanham Act
C) ISO 9000
D) Clayton Act
E) Robinson-Patman Act

F) D) and E)
G) A) and B)

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All of the following are true about a skimming pricing strategy when used during the introduction stage of the product life cycle except which?


A) It capitalizes on the price insensitivity of early buyers.
B) It typically results in profit margins that are high.
C) It encourages competitive entrants into the market.
D) It helps recover the R&D costs of the new offering.
E) It helps build unit volume.

F) A) and E)
G) A) and C)

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  Figure 10-5 -The consumers represented by E in Figure 10-5 above are called A)  laggards. B)  innovators. C)  late majority. D)  early majority. E)  early adopters. Figure 10-5 -The consumers represented by E in Figure 10-5 above are called


A) laggards.
B) innovators.
C) late majority.
D) early majority.
E) early adopters.

F) A) and E)
G) All of the above

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Any word, device (design, sound, shape, or color) , or combination of these used to distinguish a seller's products or services is referred to as a


A) brand name.
B) copyright.
C) trade name.
D) trademark.
E) label.

F) B) and C)
G) None of the above

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An early breakthrough for Justin's was offering its nut butter product in squeeze packs, a low risk to try and very convenient. The packaging in this case mostly likely offers which type of benefits?


A) functional benefits
B) perceptual benefits
C) communication benefits
D) technology benefits
E) sustainability benefits

F) A) and D)
G) A) and E)

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Service providers use tools such as ________, which consists of charging different prices for different times of the day or during different days of the week to manage the variations in demand for their services.


A) scale pricing
B) capacity pricing
C) down-time pricing
D) off-peak pricing
E) fraction pricing

F) C) and E)
G) A) and B)

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Which of the following is the first of four steps in building brand equity?


A) developing positive brand awareness
B) lowering the price of products
C) easing consumers' decision making
D) incorporating higher value in products
E) creating market modification

F) A) and B)
G) C) and E)

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Which of the following is a multiproduct branding strategy?


A) mixed branding
B) product line extensions
C) multibranding
D) brand licensing
E) private branding

F) B) and D)
G) B) and E)

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Which of the following quotes from a new-product adopter would signal the need for a firm to counteract a risk barrier?


A) "It is against my religion."
B) "What if I can't make the monthly payments?"
C) "I don't want to try this if it means I have to swallow it with milk."
D) "Big deal, the only difference is the shape of the package."
E) "Sure I'll try it; why not!"

F) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

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Imagine that Eveready has developed solar rechargeable batteries that cost only slightly more to produce than the rechargeable batteries currently available. These solar batteries can be recharged by sunlight up to five times, after which they are to be discarded. Unfortunately, the production process cannot be patented, so competitors could enter the market within a year. Which of the following is the best description of the product life cycle of this product?


A) rapid growth followed by rapid decline
B) long, level beginning, and rapid ascent
C) moderately slow introduction, followed by modest growth, gradually leveling off
D) high introductory sales followed by rapid decline
E) high initial sales followed by slow decline

F) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

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At which stage in the product life cycle do industry profits usually peak?


A) introduction
B) growth
C) maturity
D) decline
E) accelerated development

F) A) and E)
G) B) and E)

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  Figure 10-6 -Figure 10-6 above shows the sequential process of building brand equity. F represents the fourth and last step, which is to A)  elicit the proper consumer responses to a brand's identity and meaning. B)  develop positive brand awareness. C)  reward loyal customer behavior. D)  establish a brand's meaning in the minds of consumers. E)  create a consumer-brand connection. Figure 10-6 -Figure 10-6 above shows the sequential process of building brand equity. F represents the fourth and last step, which is to


A) elicit the proper consumer responses to a brand's identity and meaning.
B) develop positive brand awareness.
C) reward loyal customer behavior.
D) establish a brand's meaning in the minds of consumers.
E) create a consumer-brand connection.

F) A) and B)
G) B) and C)

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According to the concept of the diffusion of innovation, consumers who are deliberate adopters with many informal social contacts are called


A) innovators.
B) early adopters.
C) the early majority.
D) the late majority.
E) laggards.

F) A) and D)
G) A) and B)

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