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The North American Free Trade Agreement was designed to encourage free trade between


A) North America, Central America, and South America.
B) the United States and the European Union.
C) member countries originally from NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization) .
D) the United States, Canada, and Mexico.
E) the United States, Canada, and the United Kingdom.

F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

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What are the product and promotion strategies available to a company seeking to enter the global marketplace? How do they relate to each other in terms of the same or adapted product and promotion?

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There are five global marketing product ...

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One disadvantage of direct investment when entering a new global market is


A) intermediaries have the potential to harm the brand.
B) the firm entering the foreign market must pay royalties to the government.
C) the company forgoes control over its product.
D) the financial commitments involved.
E) this method is likely to provide the fewest cost savings relative to the other global market entry options.

F) A) and B)
G) A) and D)

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The strategy transnational firms employ that standardizes marketing activities when there are cultural similarities and adapts them when cultures differ is referred to as


A) a global marketing strategy.
B) an integrated marketing strategy.
C) a transnational marketing strategy.
D) a meganational marketing strategy.
E) an international marketing strategy.

F) A) and B)
G) C) and E)

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  Figure 6-5 -Global companies have five strategies for matching products and their promotion efforts to global markets. According to Figure 6-5, E refers to which type of strategy? A)  product extension strategy B)  product adaptation strategy C)  dual adaptation strategy D)  product invention strategy E)  communication adaptation strategy Figure 6-5 -Global companies have five strategies for matching products and their promotion efforts to global markets. According to Figure 6-5, E refers to which type of strategy?


A) product extension strategy
B) product adaptation strategy
C) dual adaptation strategy
D) product invention strategy
E) communication adaptation strategy

F) A) and B)
G) B) and C)

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Which of the following issues raises concerns about the ethics of protectionism?


A) Competitive advantage grows out of continuous improvement.
B) Small firms succeed in foreign niche markets.
C) Tariffs have declined from an average of 40 percent to less than 5 percent.
D) Regional trade agreements may provide preferential treatment for member nations.
E) Pan-European marketing strategies are possible due to greater uniformity in packaging standards.

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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Nescafé coffee is marketed using different coffee blends and promotional campaigns to match consumer preferences in different countries. For example, Nescafé generally emphasizes the taste, aroma, and warmth of shared moments in its advertising around the world. However, in Thailand, Nescafé is advertised as a way to relax from the pressures of daily life. This is an example of which type of global marketing product and promotion strategy?


A) product extension
B) product customization
C) product adaptation
D) dual adaptation
E) dual integration

F) C) and D)
G) B) and C)

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A New York car wash owner wanted to open a car wash in Quebec, Canada. He hired a U.S. translator to create signage for the new venture and to design some simple advertising. It was not until the business was opened that he realized he should have used ________. His French signs actually said "car bath" instead of "car wash."


A) Esperanto
B) back translation
C) semiotics
D) semantic symbolism
E) linguistic exchange

F) A) and E)
G) A) and B)

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  Figure 6-5 -Global companies have five strategies for matching products and their promotion efforts to global markets. According to Figure 6-5, D refers to which type of strategy? A)  product extension strategy B)  product adaptation strategy C)  dual adaptation strategy D)  product invention strategy E)  communication adaptation strategy Figure 6-5 -Global companies have five strategies for matching products and their promotion efforts to global markets. According to Figure 6-5, D refers to which type of strategy?


A) product extension strategy
B) product adaptation strategy
C) dual adaptation strategy
D) product invention strategy
E) communication adaptation strategy

F) A) and C)
G) None of the above

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All of the following are disadvantages of licensing except which?


A) The licensor has reduced potential profits compared to direct investment.
B) The licensor incurs higher costs for product manufacturing in the foreign country.
C) The licensor forgoes control of its product.
D) Should the licensee prove to be a poor choice, the name or reputation of the company may be harmed.
E) The licensor may be creating its own competition.

F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

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A global market entry strategy in which a foreign company and a local firm invest together to create a local business in order to share ownership, control, and profits of the new company is referred to as


A) licensing.
B) a joint venture.
C) direct exporting.
D) contract assembly.
E) dual adaptation.

F) B) and C)
G) A) and D)

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Since 1963, the guiding principle of Mary Kay, Inc., has been based on


A) the Consumer Bill of Rights.
B) the Golden Rule.
C) caveat emptor.
D) the American Marketing Association Statement of Ethics.
E) maximizing profits so long as the firm stays within the rules.

F) A) and E)
G) B) and C)

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A firm's profit potential and control over marketing activities ________ as it moves from exporting to direct investment as a global market entry strategy.


A) becomes more stable
B) increases
C) levels off
D) decreases
E) becomes more unpredictable

F) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

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Another term for a gray market is


A) equivalent exporting.
B) back-channel market.
C) mature marketing.
D) parallel importing.
E) transparent market.

F) A) and E)
G) All of the above

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The prominent global market entry strategy among small- and medium-sized companies is


A) exporting.
B) franchising.
C) licensing.
D) joint venture.
E) direct investment.

F) None of the above
G) A) and B)

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Mars, America's second-largest candy company, began doing business in Russia in the late 1980s. The Snickers bar is one of the top-selling candies in Russia and is marketed in much the same way as it is in the United States. What type of global company is Mars?


A) an international firm
B) a multidomestic firm
C) a transnational firm
D) a meganational firm
E) a multinational firm

F) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

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Five developments in the past decade have significantly influenced the landscape of global marketing. One of them is


A) the presence of a networked global marketspace.
B) an elimination worldwide of tariff and quotas.
C) a more aggressive attitude toward regulating international banking.
D) a sharp decline in economic espionage.
E) a gradual dissolution of unpopular trade agreements.

F) B) and C)
G) C) and D)

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A form of low-risk and capital-free entry into international markets that includes local manufacturing is referred to as


A) indirect exporting.
B) direct ownership.
C) joint ventures.
D) licensing.
E) direct exporting.

F) All of the above
G) A) and B)

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Which of the following statements concerning currency exchange rates is most accurate?


A) Short-term exchange-rate fluctuations can have a significant effect on the profits of global companies.
B) Fluctuations in exchange rates among the world's currencies occur, but multinational companies are insulated from the effects because of direct investment.
C) Exchange rate fluctuations are relatively rare, and when they occur, their effects are minimal.
D) Exchange rate fluctuations are now almost nonexistent due in great part to the stability of the euro.
E) Exchange rate fluctuations may affect the financial sector but rarely reach the consumer.

F) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

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Define a currency exchange rate and discuss its importance to global companies.

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Fluctuations in exchange rates among the...

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