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Friendship in the Maslow hierarchy of needs is an example of a ________ need.


A) self-actualization
B) personal
C) social
D) safety
E) physiological

F) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

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Sociocultural influences that affect the consumer purchase decision process include all of the following except which?


A) personal influence
B) reference groups
C) family
D) culture and subculture
E) values, beliefs, and attitudes

F) All of the above
G) A) and B)

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  Figure 4-1 -In Figure 4-1, A represents which stage of the consumer purchase decision process? A)  purchase decision B)  information search C)  problem recognition D)  alternative evaluation E)  option identification Figure 4-1 -In Figure 4-1, A represents which stage of the consumer purchase decision process?


A) purchase decision
B) information search
C) problem recognition
D) alternative evaluation
E) option identification

F) A) and B)
G) D) and E)

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If a consumer tries a new coffee drink at Starbuck and hates it, which variable of behavioral learning has been ineffective?


A) reinforcement
B) achievement
C) drive
D) cue
E) response

F) D) and E)
G) B) and C)

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Women make what percentage of new-car buying decisions?


A) 15 percent
B) 30 percent
C) 45 percent
D) 60 percent
E) 80 percent

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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"Which brand of salad dressing does my mom buy?" would be a question asked during the ________ stage in the consumer purchase decision process.


A) problem recognition
B) alternative evaluation
C) information search
D) purchase decision
E) comparison

F) B) and E)
G) D) and E)

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Which of the following statements about the family life cycle is most accurate?


A) The majority of households today are composed of traditional families.
B) Income and gender are two of the variables considered in the family life cycle.
C) Young singles represent a target market for recreational travel, automobiles, and consumer electronics.
D) Singles with no children are more likely to buy life insurance than any other group.
E) The most financially secure group of any family life cycle stage is single parents with children.

F) B) and C)
G) D) and E)

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Which of the following statements about Asian American buying patterns is most accurate?


A) Assimilated Asian Americans have very different buying patterns from a typical U.S. consumer.
B) The diversity of the Asian subculture is so great that generalizations about buying patterns of this group are difficult to make.
C) The Asian American subculture is growing very slowly in the United States.
D) Asian Americans are the least educated racial/ethnic subculture in the United States.
E) Assimilated Asian Americans are unlikely to hold professional or managerial positions in the United States.

F) A) and E)
G) C) and D)

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Comparative advertising, in which one brand is compared to another, is intended to cause consumers to perceive differences between the products featured in the advertising. Marketers who employ comparative advertising are trying to use ________ to make consumers believe that their products are better than competitors' offerings.


A) cognitive dissonance
B) selective retention
C) selective comprehension
D) stimulus generalization
E) stimulus discrimination

F) None of the above
G) All of the above

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Motivation refers to


A) the stimulus required to cause a consumer to do something uncharacteristic of himself.
B) the energizing force that stimulates behavior to satisfy a consumer need.
C) a person's consistent behaviors or responses to recurring situations.
D) the way people see themselves and the way they believe others see them.
E) a learned predisposition to respond to an object or class of objects in a consistently favorable or unfavorable way.

F) A) and E)
G) A) and B)

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There are five stages in the consumer purchase decision process. The first stage is


A) information search.
B) purchase decision.
C) alternative evaluation.
D) opportunity identification.
E) problem recognition.

F) None of the above
G) B) and D)

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In the VALS framework, consumers motivated by self-expression want to make an impact on their world. One segment of the two self-expression-motivated groups, known as ________, have low resources and protect what they think they own. They may appear to be anti-intellectual.


A) Strivers
B) Experiencers
C) Believers
D) Makers
E) Survivors

F) C) and E)
G) A) and E)

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The way people see themselves and the way they believe others see them is referred to as


A) self-evaluation.
B) self-concept.
C) self-actualization.
D) individualized perception.
E) personal perception.

F) A) and E)
G) B) and C)

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Word of mouth refers to


A) advertising or public service announcements that rely solely on auditory or voice messages to reach an organization's target market.
B) subjective, often negative, misconceptions that are passed from one person to another as the result of selective perception.
C) the influencing of people during conversations.
D) the individuals who exert direct or indirect social influence over others.
E) casual or unconstrained conversation or reports about other people or offerings involving details that are not confirmed as being true.

F) B) and C)
G) A) and B)

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You need to buy a gift for a young cousin's birthday. At the mall you see a girl wearing a Hello Kitty T-shirt. You remember there is a store nearby with a lot of Hello Kitty merchandise so you go there and buy a little backpack. When you give it to your cousin, she is very excited. In terms of behavioral learning, your purchase at the Hello Kitty store was a


A) drive.
B) response.
C) reinforcement.
D) cue.
E) prompt.

F) C) and D)
G) A) and E)

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Would you agree or disagree with the following statement? "It's a lot cheaper and easier to keep existing customers than to try to find new ones." Explain your answer.

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Students should agree. Firms have begun ...

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The energizing force that stimulates behavior to satisfy a need is referred to as


A) a personality.
B) an antecedent state.
C) a motivation.
D) a cognitive dissonance.
E) a perception.

F) A) and B)
G) All of the above

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Enduring characteristics within a person or in his or her relationship with others are referred to as


A) a key trait.
B) a persona.
C) a self-concept.
D) a core value.
E) an ideal self.

F) C) and E)
G) C) and D)

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Explain how attitudes are shaped by our values and beliefs.

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Values, beliefs, and attitudes play a ce...

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The VALS framework segments consumers based on


A) their primary motivation for buying products and their resources.
B) their demographics.
C) their product usage, age, and gender.
D) where they live.
E) their media usage and their demographics.

F) B) and C)
G) A) and C)

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