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Sanaa recently made partner at her law firm, and she is rewarding herself with the purchase of a new car. She told a coworker, "The Volvo has nine airbags but the Cadillac drives so smoothly." Sanaa is currently in which stage of the purchase decision process?


A) problem recognition
B) information search
C) alternative evaluation
D) purchase decision
E) postpurchase evaluation

F) A) and C)
G) C) and E)

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Research has found that for many products, including soft drinks, coffee, and cosmetics, consumers are unable to distinguish among brands in blind tests (i.e., taste or other use of the products without labels) . Nonetheless, even when prices are similar, consumers have strong preferences for specific brands. They may buy out of habit, which is the basis of


A) extended problem solving.
B) limited problem solving.
C) routine problem solving.
D) high-involvement problem solving.
E) personal problem solving.

F) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

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Explain the differences between routine problem solving, limited problem solving, and extended problem solving. Give an example of when each might be used.

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There are three general variations in th...

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Consumer socialization refers to


A) the distinct phases that a family progresses through from formation to retirement, each phase bringing with it identifiable purchasing behaviors.
B) the people to whom an individual looks as a basis for self-appraisal or as a source of personal standards.
C) the process by which people acquire the skills, knowledge, and attitudes necessary to function as consumers.
D) the modes of living that are identified by how people spend their time and resources, what they consider important in their environment, and what they think of themselves and the world around them.
E) the relatively permanent, homogeneous divisions in a society into which people sharing similar values, interests, and behavior can be grouped.

F) B) and E)
G) A) and C)

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  Figure 4-7 -VALS creates profiles of people based on their primary motivation and resources. In the VALS framework (Figure 4-7) , B refers to A)  Ideals. B)  Achievement. C)  Self-Expression. D)  Survivors. E)  Innovators. Figure 4-7 -VALS creates profiles of people based on their primary motivation and resources. In the VALS framework (Figure 4-7) , B refers to


A) Ideals.
B) Achievement.
C) Self-Expression.
D) Survivors.
E) Innovators.

F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

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In the Maslow hierarchy of needs, those needs involving personal fulfillment are called


A) physiological.
B) safety.
C) social.
D) personal.
E) self-actualization.

F) A) and E)
G) All of the above

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Consumers accompanied by children


A) purchase twice as much as they normally would if shopping with other adults.
B) purchase about 40 percent more than when shopping alone.
C) purchase less than 50 percent of what they normally would if shopping with their spouses.
D) are usually unable to complete nonessential shopping tasks.
E) avoid purchases of household and entertainment offerings.

F) C) and D)
G) None of the above

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The BMW StreetCarver is a $495 skateboard that features BMW's technology in its wheel suspension, which stabilizes the board's sleek design and allows for greater control around sharp curves. BMW wants its skateboard to be within the consideration set of potential skateboard buyers. In this case, it will most likely focus on


A) reducing the postpurchase dissatisfaction that may result from purchasing its product.
B) making sure its representatives attend sporting events such as ESPN's X-Games to get new product ideas.
C) making appeals directed toward motivational ego needs.
D) explaining the stability and control aspects of the StreetCarver in its advertising messages.
E) creating personality profiles for skateboarders.

F) C) and E)
G) C) and D)

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In the Maslow hierarchy of needs, those needs that are represented by the need for achievement, status, prestige, and self-respect are referred to as ________ needs.


A) physiological
B) safety
C) personal
D) social
E) self-actualization

F) All of the above
G) B) and E)

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The fourth stage in the consumer purchase decision process involves deciding from whom to buy and when to buy. What is this stage called?


A) purchase indecision
B) prepurchase evaluation
C) purchase decision
D) problem recognition
E) information search

F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

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Beliefs refer to


A) a person's consistent behaviors or responses to recurring situations.
B) a learned predisposition to respond to an object or class of objects in a consistently favorable or unfavorable way.
C) the process by which an individual selects, organizes, and interprets information to create a meaningful picture of the world.
D) a consumer's subjective perception of how a product or brand performs on different attributes.
E) the moral and ethical precepts that guide a person's behavior.

F) A) and E)
G) B) and D)

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  Figure 4-6 -According to Figure 4-6, A defines what level in the Maslow hierarchy of needs? A)  personal B)  safety C)  social D)  physiological E)  self-actualization Figure 4-6 -According to Figure 4-6, A defines what level in the Maslow hierarchy of needs?


A) personal
B) safety
C) social
D) physiological
E) self-actualization

F) A) and D)
G) A) and E)

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Consumers' ability to perceive taste differences in chocolate bars is an example of


A) cognitive dissonance.
B) stimulus discrimination.
C) selective retention.
D) selective comprehension.
E) stimulus generalization.

F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

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When purchasing a reusable water bottle, factors like durability, price, and temperature control that a consumer considers prior to purchase are called


A) points of difference
B) informational alternatives
C) buying-decision choices
D) evaluative criteria
E) consumer attributes

F) B) and D)
G) B) and C)

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All of the following variables are central to how consumers learn from repeated experience except which?


A) purchase.
B) reinforcement.
C) response.
D) drive.
E) cue.

F) A) and D)
G) B) and C)

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  Figure 4-2 -Figure 4-2 shows the recent ratings from independent rating agencies for selected smartphone brands and models. A number of factors are listed, such as price, audio quality, and camera quality. These factors are the typical ________ for smartphones. A)  consideration sets B)  evaluative criteria C)  value propositions D)  quality considerations E)  core benefits Figure 4-2 -Figure 4-2 shows the recent ratings from independent rating agencies for selected smartphone brands and models. A number of factors are listed, such as price, audio quality, and camera quality. These factors are the typical ________ for smartphones.


A) consideration sets
B) evaluative criteria
C) value propositions
D) quality considerations
E) core benefits

F) A) and B)
G) C) and E)

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________ often occurs in the postpurchase stage of the consumer decision process, when consumers notice and read advertisements for the brand they just bought as evidence to support their decision.


A) Selective retention
B) Selective comprehension
C) Selective exposure
D) Selective perception
E) Stimulus discrimination

F) C) and D)
G) D) and E)

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Dina manages a three-story apartment building near campus. When a tenant recently moved out, she changed the locks and had another set of keys made at Home Depot, as she does every time a tenant moves. This is an example of


A) limited problem solving.
B) extended problem solving.
C) situational problem solving.
D) routine problem solving.
E) integrated problem solving.

F) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

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Which problem solving variation would typically be used for blenders, a restaurant for lunch, or professional ball game tickets?


A) routine response behavior
B) extended problem solving
C) simulated selection
D) integrated problem solving
E) limited problem solving

F) C) and D)
G) A) and E)

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