Question 1

Which of the following is produced in the hypothalamus and released via the posterior pituitary?

Accepted Answer

A)   thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) 
B)   prolactin (PRL) 
C)   growth hormone (GH) 
D)   adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) 
E)   antidiuretic hormone (ADH) F) C) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 2

When the level of adrenal cortex hormones is low due to hyposecretion, a person develops which of the following disorders?

Accepted Answer

A)   Cushing syndrome
B)   exophthalmos
C)   Graves disease
D)   Addison disease
E)   diabetes mellitusF) B) and C)
G) A) and E) D

Question 3

A patient's pons has been affected by a rapidly growing tumor. Of the choices listed below, which is the most likely result?

Accepted Answer

A)   loss of the normal breathing rhythm
B)   hearing loss
C)   inability to understand speech
D)   inability to regulate blood pressure
E)   inability to experience emotionsF) C) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 4

Which of these receives sensory input from the eyes, ears, joints, and skeletal muscles about the present position of body parts?

Accepted Answer

A)   thalamus
B)   amygdala
C)   hypothalamus
D)   hippocampus
E)   cerebellumF) All of the above
G) A) and D)

Question 5

Which type of neuron is completely contained within the central nervous system?

Accepted Answer

A)   sensory neuron
B)   motor neuron
C)   autonomic neuron
D)   interneuron
E)   sympathetic neuronF) A) and B)
G) A) and D)

Question 6

Degenerating neurons surrounded by clusters of abnormal tissue, especially in the hippocampus and amygdala, accompanied by progressive memory loss is typical of

Accepted Answer

A)   Alzheimer disease.
B)   Parkinson disease.
C)   Graves disease.
D)   Addison disease.
E)   Cushing syndrome.F) C) and D)
G) All of the above

Question 7

If an individual's pancreatic islets have been destroyed, the result will be

Accepted Answer

A)   Cushing syndrome.
B)   Graves disease.
C)   type 2 diabetes mellitus.
D)   Addison disease.
E)   type 1 diabetes mellitus.F) A) and B)
G) C) and D) E

Question 8

Which of the following describes how drugs can affect the nervous system?

Accepted Answer

A)   Drugs can enhance the release of a neurotransmitter.
B)   Drugs can block the release of a neurotransmitter.
C)   Drugs can block the receptor for a neurotransmitter.
D)   Drugs can mimic the actions of a neurotransmitter.
E)   All of these statements describe how drugs can affect the nervous system.F) C) and D)
G) A) and D)

Question 9

A spinal nerve contains

Accepted Answer

A)   axons of sensory neurons only.
B)   myelinated axons only.
C)   axons of motor neurons only.
D)   dendrites only.
E)   both sensory and motor axons.F) A) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 10

Which hormone stimulates milk letdown?

Accepted Answer

A)   prolactin (PRL) 
B)   luteinizing hormone (LH) 
C)   oxytocin
D)   follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) 
E)   estrogenF) C) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 11

Which hormone helps to maintain your blood glucose level between breakfast and lunch?

Accepted Answer

A)   insulin
B)   glucagon
C)   parathyroid hormone (PTH) 
D)   thyroxine
E)   epinephrineF) B) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 12

The exophthalmos seen in Graves disease results from hypersecretion of the

Accepted Answer

A)   thyroid gland.
B)   parathyroid glands.
C)   posterior pituitary.
D)   adrenal cortex.
E)   pancreas.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 13

Which two hormones are produced by the adrenal medulla?

Accepted Answer

A)   aldosterone and cortisol
B)   acetylcholine and norepinephrine
C)   luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone
D)   antidiuretic hormone and oxytocin
E)   epinephrine and norepinephrineF) B) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 14

Long, myelinated nerve fibers are called _____ in the PNS and _____ in the CNS.

Accepted Answer

A)   tracts; nuclei
B)   nerves; ganglia
C)   ganglia; nuclei
D)   nerves; tracts
E)   ganglia; tractsF) B) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 15

Which of these is a second messenger?

Accepted Answer

A)   cAMP
B)   ATP
C)   a peptide hormone
D)   a steroid hormone
E)   DNAF) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 16

_____ hormones can pass through the plasma membrane of a target cell.

Accepted Answer

A)   Second messenger
B)   Steroid
C)   First messenger
D)   Peptide
E)   DNAF) C) and D)
G) B) and E) B

Question 17

The hormone _____ lowers blood glucose, while the hormone _____ raises blood glucose.

Accepted Answer

A)   insulin; glucagon
B)   epinephrine; norepinephrine
C)   cortisol; insulin
D)   thyroxine; glucagon
E)   glucagon; insulinF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 18

Consuming alcohol increases the need to urinate. This is due to the inhibitory effect of alcohol on

Accepted Answer

A)   antidiuretic hormone (ADH) .
B)   adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) .
C)   parathyroid hormone (PTH) .
D)   epinephrine.
E)   norepinephrine.F) A) and E)
G) All of the above

Question 19

Which of these structures is the pons?

Accepted Answer

A)   A
B)   B
C)   C
D)   D
E)   EF) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

Question 20

The hormonal secretion(s)  of the _____ serve to increase the body's metabolic rate.

Accepted Answer

A)   thyroid gland
B)   adrenal medulla
C)   adrenal cortex
D)   posterior pituitary
E)   parathyroid glandsF) C) and D)
G) A) and C)

Exam 27: The Control Systems

Which of the following is produced in the hypothalamus and released via the posterior pituitary?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When the level of adrenal cortex hormones is low due to hyposecretion, a person develops which of the following disorders?

Correct AnswerverifiedD

A patient's pons has been affected by a rapidly growing tumor. Of the choices listed below, which is the most likely result?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of these receives sensory input from the eyes, ears, joints, and skeletal muscles about the present position of body parts?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which type of neuron is completely contained within the central nervous system?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Degenerating neurons surrounded by clusters of abnormal tissue, especially in the hippocampus and amygdala, accompanied by progressive memory loss is typical of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If an individual's pancreatic islets have been destroyed, the result will be

Correct AnswerverifiedE

Which of the following describes how drugs can affect the nervous system?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A spinal nerve contains

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which hormone stimulates milk letdown?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which hormone helps to maintain your blood glucose level between breakfast and lunch?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The exophthalmos seen in Graves disease results from hypersecretion of the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which two hormones are produced by the adrenal medulla?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Long, myelinated nerve fibers are called _____ in the PNS and _____ in the CNS.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of these is a second messenger?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

_____ hormones can pass through the plasma membrane of a target cell.

Correct AnswerverifiedB

The hormone _____ lowers blood glucose, while the hormone _____ raises blood glucose.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Consuming alcohol increases the need to urinate. This is due to the inhibitory effect of alcohol on

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of these structures is the pons?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The hormonal secretion(s) of the _____ serve to increase the body's metabolic rate.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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D

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E

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Long, myelinated nerve fibers are called _ in the PNS and _ in the CNS.

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B

The hormone _ lowers blood glucose, while the hormone _ raises blood glucose.

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