Question 1

Which two anterior pituitary hormones do not target other endocrine glands?

Accepted Answer

A)   prolactin (PRL)  and growth hormone (GH) 
B)   oxytocin and prolactin (PRL) 
C)   adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)  and growth hormone (GH) 
D)   luteinizing hormone (LH)  and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) 
E)   antidiuretic hormone (ADH)  and oxytocinF) B) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 2

If you do not obtain enough iodine in your diet, you will likely develop

Accepted Answer

A)   pituitary gigantism.
B)   simple goiter.
C)   exophthalmos.
D)   diabetes mellitus.
E)   tetany.F) A) and C)
G) All of the above

Question 3

When the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system is activated, its effects can be prolonged by secretions of the

Accepted Answer

A)   adrenal cortex.
B)   thyroid gland.
C)   parathyroid glands.
D)   adrenal medulla.
E)   posterior pituitary.F) A) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 4

Gigantism can result from excessive secretion from the

Accepted Answer

A)   posterior pituitary.
B)   anterior pituitary.
C)   adrenal medulla.
D)   adrenal cortex.
E)   pancreas.F) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 5

If you eat a jelly donut, your pancreatic islets will respond by secreting

Accepted Answer

A)   growth hormone.
B)   glucagon.
C)   epinephrine.
D)   insulin.
E)   oxytocin.F) C) and E)
G) D) and E)

Question 6

People who are under constant stress have a tendency to gain weight, especially in the midsection, even if they do not overeat. This is because the hypothalamus responds to the stress by stimulating the

Accepted Answer

A)   posterior pituitary.
B)   adrenal cortex.
C)   thyroid.
D)   adrenal medulla.
E)   pancreas.F) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 7

Transmission across the synaptic cleft is accomplished by chemical signals called

Accepted Answer

A)   hormones.
B)   exocrine secretions.
C)   enzymes.
D)   stimulants.
E)   neurotransmitters.F) A) and D)
G) All of the above

Question 8

The parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system

Accepted Answer

A)   is associated with "fight or flight."
B)   uses the neurotransmitter norepinephrine.
C)   arises from parts of the spinal cord.
D)   inhibits digestion.
E)   opposes the effects of the sympathetic division.F) B) and C)
G) B) and E)

Question 9

The _____ conveys sensory information to the central nervous system and motor commands away from the central nervous system to skeletal muscles.

Accepted Answer

A)   parasympathetic division
B)   autonomic nervous system
C)   somatic system
D)   sympathetic division
E)   brain stemF) B) and D)
G) A) and D)

Question 10

A nerve impulse travels down a myelinated axon by

Accepted Answer

A)   repolarization.
B)   saltatory conduction.
C)   simple diffusion.
D)   integration.
E)   summation.F) B) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 11

Only the glands of the endocrine system

Accepted Answer

A)   use chemical signals to bring about changes in target organs.
B)   work to regulate the activities of other body systems.
C)   use the bloodstream to convey signals throughout the body.
D)   help to maintain homeostasis.
E)   bring about rapid responses by target organs.F) D) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 12

The spinal cord's gray matter is located

Accepted Answer

A)   on the outside, surrounding a central core of white matter.
B)   on the inside, surrounding the central canal.
C)   on both the inside and the outside.
D)   neither inside nor outside-the spinal cord is entirely white matter.
E)   scattered among a collection of ganglia.F) None of the above
G) B) and D)

Question 13

If a neuron receives both excitatory and inhibitory signals, will an action potential be generated?

Accepted Answer

A)   No, because any inhibitory signals will cancel out the excitatory signals.
B)   Yes, but the action potential will be much smaller than if only excitatory signals were received.
C)   It depends; if more excitatory than inhibitory signals are received, then an action potential may result.
D)   Yes, because excitatory signals always stimulate an action potential.
E)   It depends; if more inhibitory than excitatory signals are received, then the neuron will be free to produce an action potential.F) All of the above
G) C) and D)

Question 14

Someone who is good at memorizing other people's phone numbers has an excellent _____ memory.

Accepted Answer

A)   episodic
B)   skill
C)   semantic
D)   short-term
E)   sensoryF) A) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 15

Which part of a neuron could be covered with a myelin sheath?

Accepted Answer

A)   nucleus
B)   axon
C)   dendrite
D)   cell body
E)   terminalF) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 16

Dendrites

Accepted Answer

A)   are usually the longest nerve fibers.
B)   are covered with a myelin sheath.
C)   receive signals from sensory receptors or other neurons.
D)   generate nerve impulses.
E)   are longer and less numerous than axons.F) A) and C)
G) B) and D)

Question 17

You are relaxing, having a snack and watching TV, when suddenly the entire house begins to shake violently. The activity of your _____ quickly decreases, while that of your _____ increases.

Accepted Answer

A)   somatic nervous system; autonomic nervous system
B)   autonomic nervous system; somatic nervous system
C)   sympathetic division; parasympathetic division
D)   sympathetic division; somatic nervous system
E)   parasympathetic division; sympathetic divisionF) B) and E)
G) D) and E)

Question 18

The arrow shows the direction of the nerve impulse in a neuron. Part X would represent a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)   axon.
B)   dendrite.
C)   cell body.
D)   myelin sheath.
E)   axon terminal.F) A) and D)
G) None of the above

Question 19

Weight gain, diabetes mellitus, and a moon-shaped face may indicate

Accepted Answer

A)   Addison disease.
B)   Graves disease.
C)   simple goiter.
D)   pituitary dwarfism.
E)   Cushing syndrome.F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 20

_____ inhibits osteoclasts, while _____ stimulates them.

Accepted Answer

A)   Parathyroid hormone (PTH) ; calcitonin
B)   Growth hormone (GH) ; calcitonin
C)   Epinephrine; norepinephrine
D)   Calcitonin; parathyroid hormone (PTH) 
E)   Glucagon; growth hormone (GH) F) B) and D)
G) C) and D)

Exam 27: The Control Systems

If a neuron receives both excitatory and inhibitory signals, will an action potential be generated?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which two anterior pituitary hormones do not target other endocrine glands?

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Dendrites

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The parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system

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The arrow shows the direction of the nerve impulse in a neuron. Part X would represent a(n)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

_____ inhibits osteoclasts, while _____ stimulates them.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If you do not obtain enough iodine in your diet, you will likely develop

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Only the glands of the endocrine system

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The _____ conveys sensory information to the central nervous system and motor commands away from the central nervous system to skeletal muscles.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Gigantism can result from excessive secretion from the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

You are relaxing, having a snack and watching TV, when suddenly the entire house begins to shake violently. The activity of your _____ quickly decreases, while that of your _____ increases.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which part of a neuron could be covered with a myelin sheath?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Weight gain, diabetes mellitus, and a moon-shaped face may indicate

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A nerve impulse travels down a myelinated axon by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system is activated, its effects can be prolonged by secretions of the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The spinal cord's gray matter is located

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

People who are under constant stress have a tendency to gain weight, especially in the midsection, even if they do not overeat. This is because the hypothalamus responds to the stress by stimulating the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Someone who is good at memorizing other people's phone numbers has an excellent _____ memory.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If you eat a jelly donut, your pancreatic islets will respond by secreting

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Transmission across the synaptic cleft is accomplished by chemical signals called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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_ inhibits osteoclasts, while _ stimulates them.

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You are relaxing, having a snack and watching TV, when suddenly the entire house begins to shake violently. The activity of your _ quickly decreases, while that of your _ increases.

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